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To be eligible for the CKS certification exam, individuals must hold a valid Kubernetes administrator (CKA) certification. The CKS certification builds upon the knowledge and skills learned in the CKA certification, providing individuals with a deeper understanding of Kubernetes security. The CKS Certification Exam is designed for professionals working in various roles, including Kubernetes administrators, DevOps engineers, cloud security engineers, and security analysts.
The actual Linux Foundation CKS exam questions are in PDF format for the one who wants to study offline. The actual Linux Foundation CKS exam questions are in simple PDF form. The PDF format is suitable both for smartphones as well as tablets. You can print documents and study anywhere. The plus point is that the PDF version is updated regularly to improve its CKS Exam Questions and reflect changes in the syllabus of the exam.
The CKS exam is designed to test the security skills of individuals who work with Kubernetes clusters, including system administrators, developers, and security professionals. CKS exam is intended to validate an individual's ability to secure Kubernetes clusters and the applications that run on them, as well as their understanding of best practices for securing Kubernetes environments.
Since Kubernetes security is a specialized area, there are few other certifications that specifically address this topic. The CKS Certification fills a critical gap and is a valuable addition to the certifications available to security professionals today. Certified Kubernetes Security Specialist (CKS) certification exam requires significant preparation and training, and passing it is a testament to the candidate's hard work and dedication to their craft.
NEW QUESTION # 63
SIMULATION
Enable audit logs in the cluster, To Do so, enable the log backend, and ensure that
1. logs are stored at /var/log/kubernetes/kubernetes-logs.txt.
2. Log files are retained for 5 days.
3. at maximum, a number of 10 old audit logs files are retained.
Edit and extend the basic policy to log:
1. Cronjobs changes at RequestResponse
2. Log the request body of deployments changes in the namespace kube-system.
3. Log all other resources in core and extensions at the Request level.
4. Don't log watch requests by the "system:kube-proxy" on endpoints or
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 64
Your organization is running a critical application in a Kubernetes cluster, and you need to implement a system to monitor and detect any malicious activity within the containers. Describe how you can leverage audit logs and container runtime security tools like Sysdig to achieve this goal.
Answer:
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Enable Kubernetes Audit Logging:
- Configure your Kubernetes cluster to generate audit logs. This involves enabling the 'audit' feature in the 'kube-apiserver' configuration and specifying the desired level of audit logging (e.g., 'Metadata', 'Request' , 'RequestResponse').
2. Define Audit Policies:
- Create audit policies to filter and prioritize the audit events you want to capture. For example, define a policy to audit all container image pulls and API requests related to specific resources.
3. Deploy Sysdig: - Install and configure Sysdig on your Kubernetes cluster Sysdig is a powerful container runtime security tool that provides real-time monitoring and threat detection capabilities. 4. Configure Sysdig Rules: - Create custom rules in Sysdig to detect suspicious activity within containers. These rules can be based on specific events, file access patterns, network connections, and other indicators of compromise.
5. Integrate with Logging and Monitoring Systems: - Integrate Sysdig with your existing logging and monitoring tools (e.g., ELK stack, Prometheus) to centralize and analyze security events. 6. Review and Analyze Logs: - Regularly review the audit logs and Sysdig alerts to identify any potential security threats. - Investigate suspicious events to understand the root cause and take appropriate actions.
NEW QUESTION # 65
SIMULATION
Documentation
ServiceAccount, Deployment,
Projected Volumes
You must connect to the correct host . Failure to do so may
result in a zero score.
[candidate@base] $ ssh cks000033
Context
A security audit has identified a Deployment improperly handling service account tokens, which could lead to security vulnerabilities.
Task
First, modify the existing ServiceAccount stats-monitor-sa in the namespace monitoring to turn off automounting of API credentials.
Next, modify the existing Deployment stats-monitor in the namespace monitoring to inject a ServiceAccount token mounted at /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token.
Use a Projected Volume named token to inject the ServiceAccount token and ensure that it is mounted read-only.
The Deployment's manifest file can be found at /home/candidate/stats-monitor/deployment.yaml.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Explanation below for complete solution
Explanation:
1) Connect to correct host
ssh cks000033
sudo -i
export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
2) Patch the ServiceAccount to disable automounting
Task: turn off automounting of API credentials for stats-monitor-sa in monitoring.
kubectl -n monitoring patch sa stats-monitor-sa -p '{"automountServiceAccountToken": false}' Verify:
kubectl -n monitoring get sa stats-monitor-sa -o yaml | grep -i automount
3) Edit the Deployment manifest file
Task says to modify the manifest at:
/home/candidate/stats-monitor/deployment.yaml
vi /home/candidate/stats-monitor/deployment.yaml
4) In the Deployment, ensure it uses the ServiceAccount AND inject token via Projected Volume
4.1 Make sure Deployment uses the SA
Under:
spec: -> template: -> spec:
ensure:
serviceAccountName: stats-monitor-sa
(If it already exists, leave it; don't add extra changes beyond requirements.)
4.2 Add a projected volume named token
Under:
spec: -> template: -> spec: -> volumes:
add (or modify existing volume if present) so it is exactly:
- name: token
projected:
sources:
- serviceAccountToken:
path: token
This creates the file token inside the mounted directory, so the final path becomes:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
4.3 Mount the projected volume read-only at the required location
Under the target container:
spec: -> template: -> spec: -> containers: -> (your container) -> volumeMounts:
Add:
- name: token
mountPath: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
readOnly: true
✅ This satisfies:
Projected volume name: token
Mount path: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token (file inside mount) Mounted read-only
4.4 Important: Don't break default token mount behavior
Because you disabled SA automounting at the ServiceAccount level, you must explicitly mount the projected token (done above). That's the whole point of this task.
Save and exit:
:wq
5) Apply the updated Deployment
kubectl -n monitoring apply -f /home/candidate/stats-monitor/deployment.yaml Wait rollout:
kubectl -n monitoring rollout status deployment/stats-monitor
6) Verify the token file exists in the running Pod
Get a pod name:
POD=$(kubectl -n monitoring get pods -l app=stats-monitor -o jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}') echo $POD Check the token file path exists:
kubectl -n monitoring exec -it $POD -- ls -l /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token Optional: confirm it's mounted read-only (usually shown by mount options):
kubectl -n monitoring exec -it $POD -- mount | grep /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount
✅ What the examiner checks
SA stats-monitor-sa has:
automountServiceAccountToken: false
Deployment stats-monitor mounts a projected volume named token
Token file is at:
/var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/token
Mount is readOnly: true
If label selector doesn't match (-l app=stats-monitor)
Use:
kubectl -n monitoring get pods
Then set:
POD=<paste-pod-name>
NEW QUESTION # 66
A container image scanner is set up on the cluster.
Given an incomplete configuration in the directory
/etc/kubernetes/confcontrol and a functional container image scanner with HTTPS endpoint https://test-server.local.8081/image_policy
1. Enable the admission plugin.
2. Validate the control configuration and change it to implicit deny.
Finally, test the configuration by deploying the pod having the image tag as latest.
Answer:
Explanation:
ssh-add ~/.ssh/tempprivate
eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
cd contrib/terraform/aws
vi terraform.tfvars
terraform init
terraform apply -var-file=credentials.tfvars
ansible-playbook -i ./inventory/hosts ./cluster.yml -e ansible_ssh_user=core -e bootstrap_os=coreos -b --become-user=root --flush-cache -e ansible_user=core
NEW QUESTION # 67
Two tools are pre-installed on the cluster's worker node:
Using the tool of your choice (including any non pre-installed tool), analyze the container's behavior for at least 30 seconds, using filters that detect newly spawning and executing processes.
Store an incident file at /opt/KSRS00101/alerts/details, containing the detected incidents, one per line, in the following format:
The following example shows a properly formatted incident file:
Answer:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION # 68
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