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NEW QUESTION # 44
Who is responsible for ensuring that subcontractors have a valid CMMC Certification?
Answer: A
Explanation:
* The prime contractor (contractor organization)is responsible for ensuring thatits subcontractorshave the requiredCMMC certification levelbefore engaging them inDoD contracts that involve FCI or CUI.
* This requirement is enforced throughflow-down clausesinDFARS 252.204-7021, which mandates that subcontractors handlingCUImeet the necessaryCMMC Level 2 or Level 3 requirements.
Reference:
DFARS 252.204-7021(CMMC Compliance)
CMMC 2.0 Program Documentation
Step 2: Why Other Answer Choices Are IncorrectA. CMMC-AB (Incorrect):
TheCyber AB (formerly CMMC-AB)is responsible foraccrediting C3PAOs and managing the assessment process, but it does not enforce subcontractor compliance.
B: OUSDA&S (Incorrect):
TheOffice of the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition & Sustainment (OUSD A&S)develops and overseesCMMC policy, but it does not monitor or enforce individual subcontractor compliance.
C: DoD agency or client (Incorrect):
While theDoD sets CMMC requirements, it relies onprime contractors to ensure compliance among their subcontractorsthrough contract flow-down requirements.
Final Confirmation of Correct Answer:Prime contractors must ensure their subcontractors have the required CMMC certification level to handle FCI or CUI.
Thus, the correct answer is:D. Contractor organization
NEW QUESTION # 45
An assessor is collecting affirmations. So far, the assessor has collected interviews, demonstrations, emails, messaging, and presentations. Are these appropriate approaches to collecting affirmations?
Answer: C
Explanation:
According to the CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) and the CMMC Level 2 Assessment Guide, an assessment finding is built upon evidence collected through three primary methods: Examine, Interview, and Test. The term " affirmation " in this context refers to the verbal or written statements provided by the Organization Seeking Certification (OSC) personnel to confirm that a practice is implemented as described.
Broad Definition of Evidence: The CAP allows for a wide variety of artifacts to be used as evidence. " Affirmations " are typically captured during the Interview process or found within Examine objects.
Validity of Formats:
Interviews: Direct verbal affirmations from subject matter experts (SMEs).
Emails and Messaging (Chat/Slack/Teams): These are considered valid " Examine " objects (records/artifacts) that serve as written affirmations or evidence of an activity (e.g., an email chain approving a firewall change or a message confirming a system update).
Presentations and Demonstrations: These fall under " Examine " (the presentation slides) and " Test/Examine
" (the demonstration of a mechanism).
Why Option C is correct: The CMMC framework does not disqualify digital communications like emails or messaging as evidence. In fact, these are often the primary artifacts used to prove that a process (like an approval workflow or notification) is occurring in practice. As long as the assessor can verify the authenticity and integrity of these communications, they are appropriate for collecting affirmations.
Why Option D is less accurate: While screenshots are indeed used as evidence, the core question asks if thespecificlist (interviews, demonstrations, emails, messaging, presentations) is appropriate. Option C directly validates the list provided in the prompt without introducing extraneous elements like screenshots, which- while valid-are not the focus of the " appropriate " determination for the items listed.
Reference Documents:
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) v1.0: Section 3.4 (Collect and Verify Evidence), which discusses the types of artifacts and " human evidence " (interviews) that support findings.
CMMC Level 2 Assessment Guide: " Assessment Methods " section, clarifying that evidence can include any records (electronic or physical) that demonstrate the implementation of a practice.
NIST SP 800-171A: The underlying standard for assessment procedures, which encourages the use of various evidence types to satisfy assessment objectives.
NEW QUESTION # 46
A Lead Assessor has been assigned to a CMMC Assessment During the assessment, one of the assessors approaches with a signed policy. There is one signatory, and that person has since left the company.
Subsequently, another person was hired into that position but has not signed the document. Is this document valid?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Understanding Policy Validation in CMMC AssessmentsDuring a CMMC assessment, policies must be evaluated based on:
Who has the authority to approve and enforce them
Whether they are current and implemented effectively
The validity of a policydoes not solely depend on the signatorybut rather onhow the organization assigns authority for policy creation, approval, and enforcement.
Some organizations assignauthority to a specific person, meaning anew signatory may be requiredwhen leadership changes.
Others assign authority to aposition/title(e.g., CISO, IT Director), in which casea new signature may not be requiredas long as the role remains responsible for policy enforcement.
The assessment teammust review the organization's policy management processto determine if the policy remains valid despite leadership turnover.
Key Considerations in Policy Validation:Thus,the correct answer is B, as additional research is needed to confirm whether the organization's policy is tied to the individual or the position.
A). The signatory is the authority to implement and enforce the policy, and since that person is no longer with the company, the policy is not valid.#Incorrect. This assumes thatauthority is always tied to a person, which is not always the case. Some organizations delegate authorityto a position, not an individual.
C). The signatory does not validate or invalidate the policy. For the purpose of this assessment, ensuring that the policy is current and is being implemented by the individuals who are performing the work is sufficient.
#Incorrect. While implementation is crucial,the authority behind the policy must also be validatedper CMMC documentation requirements.
D). The authority to implement and enforce lies with the position, not the person. As long as that position's authority and responsibilities have not been removed from implementing that domain, it is still a valid policy.
#Incorrect. This assumes thatauthority is always assigned to a position, which is not universally true. More research is required to confirm this.
Why the Other Answers Are Incorrect
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) Document- Outlines the importance of verifying the authority and enforcement of policies.
NIST SP 800-171 (3.12.1 - Security Policies and Procedures)- Requires that policies be maintained and enforced by appropriate personnel.
CMMC Official ReferencesThus,option B (More research on the company policy is needed) is the correct answer, as per official CMMC policy validation guidance.
NEW QUESTION # 47
Where does the requirement to include a required practice of ensuring that personnel are trained to carry out their assigned information security-related duties and responsibilities FIRST appear?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Understanding Training Requirements in CMMC
The requirement for ensuring thatpersonnel are trained to carry out their assigned information security-related duties and responsibilitiesfirst appears inCMMC Level 2as part ofNIST SP 800-171 control AT.L2-3.2.1.
Key Details on the Training Requirement:
#AT.L2-3.2.1: "Ensure that personnel are trained to carry out their assigned information security-related duties and responsibilities."
#This control is derived fromNIST SP 800-171and applies toCMMC Level 2 (Advanced).
#It ensures that employees handlingControlled Unclassified Information (CUI)understand theircybersecurity responsibilities.
Why is the Correct Answer "B. Level 2"?
A). Level 1 # Incorrect
CMMC Level 1 does not include this training requirement.Level 1 focuses on basic safeguarding ofFederal Contract Information (FCI)but doesnot require formal cybersecurity training.
B). Level 2 # Correct
The training requirement (AT.L2-3.2.1) first appears in CMMC Level 2, which aligns withNIST SP 800-171.
C). Level 3 # Incorrect
The training requirementalready exists in Level 2. Level 3 builds on Level 2 with additionalrisk management and advanced cybersecurity controls, but training is introduced at Level 2.
D). All levels # Incorrect
CMMC Level 1 does not include this requirement-it is first introduced in Level 2.
CMMC 2.0 References Supporting This Answer:
NIST SP 800-171 (Requirement 3.2.1)
Defines themandatory training requirementfor personnel handling CUI.
CMMC Assessment Guide for Level 2
ListsAT.L2-3.2.1as a required practice under Level 2.
CMMC 2.0 Model Overview
Confirms thatCMMC Level 2 aligns with NIST SP 800-171, which includes security training requirements.
NEW QUESTION # 48
A Level 2 Assessment was conducted for an OSC, and the results are ready to be submitted. Prior to uploading the assessment results, what step MUST the C3PAO complete?
Answer: C
Explanation:
According to the CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) and the C3PAO Authorization Requirements, every assessment conducted by a Certified Third-Party Assessment Organization (C3PAO) must undergo a formal Quality Management System (QMS) review before the results are finalized and uploaded to the eMASS (Enterprise Mission Assurance Support Service) or the SPRS (Supplier Performance Risk System).
The Quality Review Requirement: The CAP explicitly states that the C3PAO is responsible for the accuracy and integrity of the assessment findings. Before the Assessment Team Lead can formally submit the package, a person or team within the C3PAO (who was ideally not part of the active assessment team to ensure objectivity) must conduct an internal review. This review ensures that the evidence collected supports the " Met " or " Not Met " determinations and that all CMMC methodology requirements were followed.
Why other options are incorrect:
Option A: While there may be administrative costs associated with maintaining C3PAO status, paying a specific " per-submission fee " is not a mandatory procedural stepwithin the assessment lifecyclethat governs the validity of the results.
Option C: The Cyber AB (CMMC-AB) provides the platform and oversight, but a " forthcoming notification
" is not a formal requirement in the CAP; the act of submission itself serves as the notification.
Option D: While a final briefing is a " best practice " and usually occurs during the " Post-Assessment " phase, the internal quality review (Option B) is the regulatory mandate that must be completed to ensure the C3PAO ' s certification of the results is valid and defensible.
Reference Documents:
CMMC Assessment Process (CAP) v1.0: Section on " Phase 4: Reporting Results, " specifically the sub- section on C3PAO Quality Assurance Review.
C3PAO Quality Management System (QMS) Requirements: Outlines the necessity for internal validation of assessment packages to maintain accreditation.
NEW QUESTION # 49
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