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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Routine Blood Collections | 28% | - Venipuncture techniques & equipment - Post-collection care & labeling - Order of draw & tube selection - Capillary puncture procedures - Tourniquet use & vein assessment |
| Topic 2: Safety and Compliance | 26% | - PPE & sharps disposal - Bloodborne pathogens & exposure control - HIPAA & patient confidentiality - Infection control & OSHA standards - Quality control & error prevention |
| Topic 3: Patient Preparation | 20% | - Informed consent & communication - Requisition review & test verification - Patient positioning & comfort - Site selection & preparation - Patient identification & verification |
| Topic 4: Special Collections | 12% | - Blood cultures & sterile collection - Pediatric & geriatric collections - Glucose tolerance & dynamic tests - Blood alcohol & legal collections - Therapeutic drug monitoring |
| Topic 5: Specimen Processing & Handling | 14% | - Processing & centrifugation - Specimen rejection criteria - Transport & storage requirements - Aliquoting & preservation - Documentation & tracking |
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NEW QUESTION # 102
Which of the following practices violates standard precautions?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Reusing a tourniquet visibly contaminated with blood violates standard precautions. Any reusable equipment contaminated with blood must be cleaned and disinfected according to facility policy, and single-use items must be discarded. Blood is treated as potentially infectious regardless of the patient's diagnosis or appearance. Wearing gloves during venipuncture is correct practice. Treating all blood as potentially infectious is the core principle of standard precautions. Washing hands after glove removal is also required because gloves can have microscopic defects or hands can become contaminated during removal. A contaminated tourniquet can transfer bloodborne pathogens or other organisms to patients, staff, and surfaces. Phlebotomists should inspect equipment before use, avoid placing supplies on contaminated surfaces, use disposable tourniquets when required, and disinfect reusable items appropriately. Infection-control failures often occur through routine shortcuts, not dramatic emergencies. This question tests whether the technician understands standard precautions as everyday behavior, not just PPE vocabulary. Reference topics: Safety and Compliance; standard precautions; reusable equipment; blood contamination; infection prevention.
NEW QUESTION # 103
Which of the following actions should the phlebotomist take when labelling inpatient specimens?
Answer: B
Explanation:
For inpatient specimens, the phlebotomist should label the specimen collection container immediately after collection using the patient's wristband information as the identification source. The key control is bedside labeling in the presence of the patient, after positive identification and collection, so the specimen is tied to the correct patient before it leaves the room. Labeling the lid is unsafe because lids can be removed, switched, or separated from the specimen. Having the patient write demographic information is not an acceptable patient-identification process and does not satisfy laboratory labeling requirements. Provider pre-labeling is also unsafe because it creates a risk of wrong-patient collection if the container is later used for another patient or if identification is not verified at collection. Correct labeling usually includes patient name, second identifier, date and time of collection, collector identity, and any facility-required information. The NHA CPT outline specifically includes patient identifiers, labeling procedures and requirements, documentation, and the task of labeling all specimens. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; patient identification; specimen labeling; documentation requirements.
NEW QUESTION # 104
A phlebotomist is collecting a blood culture from a 6-month-old infant who has no known allergies. Which of the following disinfectants should the phlebotomist use?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Chlorhexidine gluconate is the best answer for blood culture skin antisepsis in this 6-month-old infant with no known allergies. Blood cultures require stricter skin disinfection than routine venipuncture because contamination can produce false-positive culture results, unnecessary antibiotics, repeat testing, and delayed diagnosis. Sodium polyanethol sulfonate is not a skin disinfectant; it is an anticoagulant/additive used in blood culture media to support organism recovery. Sodium hypochlorite is a bleach-type disinfectant used for environmental decontamination, not patient skin preparation for venipuncture. Hydrogen peroxide is not the standard blood culture skin antiseptic. Chlorhexidine is widely used for effective skin antisepsis, and CDC guidance recognizes chlorhexidine-containing agents in healthcare infection-control contexts when age, skin maturity, and clinical risk are considered. For collection technique, the phlebotomist should cleanse the site properly, allow the antiseptic to dry, avoid repalpating unless sterile technique is used, collect adequate volume, and label/document accurately. Reference topics: Special Collections; blood culture collection; pediatric skin preparation; contamination prevention.
NEW QUESTION # 105
Which of the following should a phlebotomist verify for quality control protocol prior to using vacuum tubes?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Before using evacuated vacuum tubes, the phlebotomist must verify the expiration date. Expired tubes can lose vacuum, produce inadequate draw volume, compromise the blood-to-additive ratio, or contain additives that no longer perform as intended. This can directly affect specimen integrity and may lead to inaccurate results or specimen rejection. Needle integrity is also important, but it applies to needle inspection rather than vacuum tube quality control. Visible additive may be observed in some tubes, but not all additives are easily visible, and visibility alone does not confirm the tube is acceptable for use. Name on label is not checked before using an unused tube because patient labeling occurs after collection according to facility policy and positive patient identification requirements. Tube quality control includes inspecting tubes for cracks, contamination, expired dates, defective stoppers, and compromised vacuum. NHA CPT routine collection content specifically includes selecting and assembling equipment, verifying equipment quality, checking expiration dates, and inspecting evacuated tubes required for laboratory testing. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; evacuated tube quality control; expiration dates; equipment inspection.
NEW QUESTION # 106
A phlebotomist is preparing to perform venipuncture on a patient who has had a right-sided mastectomy. Which of the following collection sites should the phlebotomist select?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The phlebotomist should select the left antecubital area because the patient has had a right-sided mastectomy. Venipuncture should generally be avoided on the side of a mastectomy due to the risk of impaired lymphatic drainage, lymphedema, infection, and delayed healing. The right cephalic and right basilic veins are on the affected side and should not be used unless a provider specifically authorizes collection from that side. The left femoral artery is not an appropriate routine phlebotomy site and arterial collection is outside standard venipuncture practice unless performed under specialized authorization and scope. The left antecubital area is the safest option listed because it uses the unaffected arm and provides standard venipuncture access. The technician should still assess vein suitability, avoid sites with IVs, edema, scarring, hematoma, or infection, and follow facility policy if no acceptable site is available. This question tests contraindicated sites and safe site selection, not simply vein-name recall. Reference topics: Routine Blood Collections; mastectomy precautions; venipuncture site selection; contraindicated sites; patient safety.
NEW QUESTION # 107
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