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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Financial Planning for Small Business | 15% | - Small business financial strategies - Business ownership structures and planning |
| Topic 2: Estate Planning | 10% | - Estate transfer strategies - Wills, trusts and succession planning |
| Topic 3: Savings Planning & Debt Management | 10% | - Savings strategies and cash flow management - Debt management techniques |
| Topic 4: Investment and Tax Planning | 10% | - Tax planning concepts - Investment strategies and portfolio considerations |
| Topic 5: Insurance Planning | 10% | - Insurance needs analysis - Risk management and insurance products |
| Topic 6: Financial Planning Practice | 10% | - Professional standards and ethical practices - Financial planning process and client relationship management |
| Topic 7: Family Law | 15% | - Legal implications in financial planning - Family property and financial considerations |
| Topic 8: Retirement Planning | 20% | - Government benefits and retirement plans - Retirement income sources and strategies |
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質問 # 56
Which term describes an attempt to create a tax system that gives no preference to the form of ownership?
正解：D
解説：
Integration describes the Canadian tax-policy objective of producing approximately the same overall tax burden whether income is earned personally or through a corporation and subsequently distributed to an individual shareholder.
Without integration, income earned through a corporation could be subject to inappropriate double taxation or, conversely, receive a permanent tax advantage solely because of the ownership structure. Canada attempts to mitigate this through mechanisms such as the dividend gross-up and dividend tax credit.
CRA describes the principle directly: corporate and personal tax integration is intended so that income earned by a Canadian corporation and paid to an individual as a dividend bears approximately the same combined tax as income earned directly by the individual.
"Equalization" is not the relevant tax principle in this context; it is commonly associated with fiscal transfers among governments. "Equilibrium" is an economic concept rather than the Canadian corporate-personal tax mechanism. "Graduated rates" refers to progressive taxation under which marginal tax rates increase as taxable income increases.
Integration therefore seeks tax neutrality between different forms of ownership or income earning, particularly corporate versus direct individual ownership.
FPII reference/topic: Investment and Tax Planning - tax integration; dividend gross-up and credit mechanism; corporate versus personal taxation.
質問 # 57
What is the maximum of the payor spouse's net income that may be deducted to fulfil child support obligations?
正解：B
解説：
The applicable maximum is 50% of the payor's net amount under the ordinary support-deduction framework.
Ontario's Family Responsibility and Support Arrears Enforcement Act provides that the total amount deducted by an income source and remitted under a support deduction order generally must not exceed 50% of the net amount owed by the income source to the payor.
The "net amount" concept is important because the statutory limit does not simply mean 50% of gross salary.
Required statutory deductions are taken into account in determining the amount available for enforcement.
The support obligation itself continues to exist even where enforcement through a particular income source is limited. Arrears can accumulate and other enforcement measures may become available. There are also specific statutory exceptions applying to certain lump-sum amounts and enforcement circumstances, so the
50% figure should be understood as the standard deduction limit tested by the question rather than an absolute limit in every possible enforcement proceeding.
Accordingly, among the four alternatives, 50% correctly represents the general maximum deduction against the payor's net income source for support enforcement.
FPII reference/topic: Family Law - child-support enforcement; support deduction orders; garnishment; limits on deductions from income.
質問 # 58
An employee chose a particular contractor to repair their roof based on an employer's recommendation. The employer hinted that the employee may receive a higher future bonus if they hire the recommended contractor. How would you describe the employer's actions?
正解：C
解説：
The employer's conduct is best characterized as undue influence. The employer occupies a position of power relative to the employee and is using that relationship to influence the employee's independent decision about entering into a contract with a particular contractor.
Undue influence focuses on whether one party's free and informed consent has been improperly affected through a relationship involving dominance, dependency, confidence, or significant influence. The Supreme Court of Canada has described the analysis as beginning with the nature of the relationship and whether it creates the potential for one person to dominate another's decision-making. The Court has also expressly recognized that an employer may occupy a position of power and influence relative to an employee depending on the circumstances.
The promise or suggestion of a larger future bonus creates pressure through the employment relationship but does not amount to classic duress, which ordinarily involves coercive threats or illegitimate pressure depriving a person of meaningful choice.
There is also no false factual representation concerning the contractor, so misrepresentation does not apply.
Nor does recommending a contractor make the object of the roofing contract illegal.
FPII reference/topic: Financial Planning Practice - contract validity; undue influence; duress; misrepresentation; relationships of power and dependency.
質問 # 59
What is a disadvantage of a corporation?
正解：B
解説：
A significant estate-planning disadvantage of private corporate ownership is the potential for double taxation at the death of a shareholder.
At death, a shareholder is generally deemed to dispose of capital property, including shares of a private corporation, at fair market value immediately before death unless an available rollover applies. This can produce a capital gain on the deceased shareholder's terminal return.
A second layer of tax can subsequently arise when corporate assets are sold and the corporation's after-tax value is distributed to the estate or beneficiaries. Without appropriate post-mortem planning, tax may therefore arise once at the shareholder level on the deemed disposition of the shares and again at the corporate
/shareholder level as corporate value is extracted.
Option B is incorrect because one of the principal advantages of incorporation is limited liability, subject to guarantees, statutory liabilities, and exceptional circumstances. Option C is also incorrect because corporations are not categorically excluded from government assistance programs. Option D does not describe the principal disadvantage being tested and overstates the operation of attribution rules.
Post-mortem strategies such as loss carryback or pipeline planning may be considered to mitigate the potential double-tax exposure, depending on circumstances.
FPII reference/topic: Financial Planning for Small Business - incorporation; shareholder death; deemed disposition; post-mortem taxation and double-tax exposure.
質問 # 60
How long does an executor have to make a spousal Registered Retirement Savings Plan contribution on behalf of a deceased person?
正解：B
解説：
A deceased person's legal representative cannot make a contribution to the deceased individual's own RRSP after death. However, a special rule permits the legal representative to contribute to a surviving spouse's or common-law partner's RRSP using the deceased person's available RRSP deduction room.
CRA confirms that this contribution may be made during the calendar year of death or within the first 60 days after the end of that year. The qualifying amount may then be deducted on the deceased individual's final income tax return, subject to the deceased person's available RRSP deduction limit.
For example, if an individual dies in July and has unused RRSP room, the executor does not have only 60 days from July. The relevant deadline extends through the year of death and into the first 60 days of the following calendar year.
Option A therefore applies the 60-day period from the wrong starting point. Option B ends the contribution period too early, while option D substitutes an arbitrary six-month period that is not the RRSP rule.
The strategy can be valuable because it creates a final deduction while simultaneously increasing tax-deferred retirement savings for the surviving spouse.
FPII reference/topic: Retirement Planning - RRSPs at death; spousal RRSP contributions; executor planning; final tax return.
質問 # 61
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