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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Security Operations and Management | 5% | - SOC implementation and operational models - SOC fundamentals and objectives - SOC components: people, processes, technology |
| SOC for Cloud Environments | 5% | - Cloud log collection and analysis - Cloud threat detection and response - Cloud security monitoring challenges |
| Incident Detection with SIEM | 25% | - SIEM architecture, components, and deployment models - Correlation rules and alert generation - Data ingestion, parsing, and normalization - Alert triage, prioritization, and false positive reduction - SIEM dashboards and reporting |
| Proactive Threat Detection | 12% | - Threat intelligence types and sources - Integrating threat intelligence into SOC workflows - Threat hunting methodologies and techniques - UEBA and advanced detection methods |
| Log Management | 15% | - Log sources, types, and collection methods - Centralized logging architecture - Log normalization, correlation, and retention policies - Events vs incidents vs logs |
| Understanding Cyber Threats, IoCs, and Attack Methodology | 8% | - Indicators of Compromise (IoCs) and Indicators of Attack (IoAs) - Network, host, and application-level attacks - Attack frameworks and methodologies - Types of cyber threats and threat actors |
| Incident Response | 25% | - Documentation, reporting, and post-incident review - Incident response lifecycle and frameworks - Roles and responsibilities in incident response - Containment, eradication, and recovery procedures - SOAR, EDR, XDR technologies |
| Forensic Investigation and Malware Analysis | 5% | - Digital forensics fundamentals in SOC context - Malware types, behavior, and analysis techniques - IoC extraction and evidence handling |
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質問 # 194
Which of the following Windows features is used to enable Security Auditing in Windows?
正解：A
解説：
To enable Security Auditing in Windows, the Local Group Policy Editor is used. This feature allows administrators to configure security policies and audit settings on a local computer. Here's how you can enableSecurity Auditing using the Local Group Policy Editor:
* Press Win + R, type gpedit.msc, and press Enter to open the Local Group Policy Editor.
* Navigate to Computer Configuration -> Windows Settings -> Security Settings -> Local Policies -
> Audit Policy.
* Here, you will find a list of audit policies that you can configure for both success and failure events.
* By enabling these policies, you can specify which security-related events you want to audit, such as account logon events, object access, policy change, privilege use, and more.
References: The process described above is aligned with the best practices and guidelines provided by Microsoft and other authoritative sources on Windows security auditing, such as:
Microsoft's official documentation on Security Auditing1.
Guides on how to enable Security Auditing in Active Directory environments2.
Articles detailing the essentials of Windows event log security auditing3. These references are part of the learning resources for the EC-Council SOC Analyst course and provide comprehensive information on the subject.
Reference: https://resources.infosecinstitute.com/topic/how-to-audit-windows-10-application-logs/
質問 # 195
A SOC team at a major financial institution detects unauthorized access attempts on its web application. Logs indicate the web application is compromised. To determine the exact attack technique and implement mitigation, forensic investigators assess cookie attributes (such as HttpOnly, Secure, and SameSite) for security weaknesses and track anomalous request patterns that deviate from normal user behavior. Which attack vector is the forensic team investigating?
正解：A
解説：
The focus on cookie attributes (HttpOnly, Secure, SameSite) strongly aligns with session security and session integrity. These attributes are designed to protect session cookies from being stolen or misused: HttpOnly limits JavaScript access to cookies, Secure restricts cookies to HTTPS, and SameSite reduces cross-site request risks. When investigators assess these settings, they are often evaluating whether session tokens could be manipulated, injected, fixed, or abused-behaviors consistent with session poisoning and related session attacks. While XSS can be used to steal cookies, the investigation described is not centered on injected script payloads in application responses; it is centered on cookie security posture and abnormal request patterns tied to sessions. SQL injection is primarily about manipulating database queries and would be investigated through query-related payloads and database error patterns rather than cookie attribute review. MITM attacks can intercept session cookies if transport security is weak, but the question emphasizes cookie attribute weaknesses and anomalous session request patterns-more directly associated with session poisoning/session hijacking analysis. In SOC response, confirming session attack vectors typically leads to rotating session secrets, invalidating active sessions, tightening cookie flags, enforcing TLS, and adding anomaly detection for session token reuse and impossible travel.
質問 # 196
Which of the following technique protects from flooding attacks originated from the valid prefixes (IP addresses) so that they can be traced to its true source?
正解：B
解説：
Ingress filtering is a technique used to ensure that incoming packets are actually from the networks that they claim to originate from. This is particularly useful in mitigating IP spoofing, where an attacker might use a legitimate IP address to send malicious packets, making it appear as though the packets are coming from a trusted source. By implementing ingress filtering, networks can check that the source IP address of incoming packets is within a range that logically should be entering the network from that point. This helps in tracing back flooding attacks to their true source and is a recommended practice to protect against such attacks.
References: The concept of ingress filtering is covered in EC-Council's Certified SOC Analyst (CSA) training and is a recognized technique for protecting against flooding attacks. It is also mentioned in the context of security operations center (SOC) processes and is a part of the knowledge base required for SOC analysts12.
質問 # 197
Which of the following is a Threat Intelligence Platform?
正解：A
解説：
ThreatConnect Complete (TCComplete) is a Threat Intelligence Platform (TIP) designed to aggregate, analyze, and disseminate threat intelligence data. TIPs like TC Complete enable organizations to understand and act upon threats by providing a comprehensive view of the threat landscape, integrating with other security tools, and facilitating collaboration among security teams. Unlike general management systems like SolarWinds MS, note-taking applications like Keepnote, or threat intelligence APIs like Apility.io, TC Complete is specifically built to handle the lifecycle of threat intelligence, from collection and analysis to sharing and applying intelligence. This makes it a pivotal tool for organizations looking to enhance their security posture through informed decision-making based on timely and relevant threat intelligence.
References:
"Threat Intelligence Platforms: Open Source and Commercial Options", by SANS Institute.
"ThreatConnect Platform Overview", ThreatConnect Official Website.
質問 # 198
In which phase of Lockheed Martin's - Cyber Kill Chain Methodology, adversary creates a deliverable malicious payload using an exploit and a backdoor?
正解：A
解説：
In the Lockheed Martin Cyber Kill Chain Methodology, the phase where an adversary creates a deliverable malicious payload using an exploit and a backdoor is known as the Weaponization phase. This is the second stage of the Cyber Kill Chain, which occurs after the initial Reconnaissance phase. During Weaponization, the attacker prepares a malicious payload that is designed to exploit vulnerabilities in the target system. This payload often includes a backdoor to allow for persistent access to the compromised system.
The Weaponization phase involves the creation of malware tailored to the target's specific vulnerabilities discovered during Reconnaissance. The attacker uses this malware to create a weaponized deliverable, which can be transmitted to the target during the subsequent Delivery phase of the Cyber Kill Chain.
References: The EC-Council SOC Analyst course materials and study guides discuss the Cyber Kill Chain Methodology in detail, including the Weaponization phase. These resources are designed to provide SOC Analysts with the knowledge and skills necessary to identify, analyze, and respond to cyber threats effectively.
For further information, please refer to the official EC-Council Certified SOC Analyst (CSA) study guides and related course materials. Additionally, Lockheed Martin provides resources and an overview of the Cyber Kill Chain on their official website12.
質問 # 199
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