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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Reconnaissance & Enumeration | 20% | - Azure tenant and domain enumeration - Azure resource discovery - Entra ID (Azure AD) enumeration - DNS, endpoints, and exposed services mapping |
| Post-Exploitation & Persistence | 15% | - Defense evasion in Azure environment - Maintaining persistent access - Full attack chain demonstration - Data collection and exfiltration techniques |
| Lateral Movement & Tenant Compromise | 20% | - Cross-resource and subscription hopping - Compute, storage, and network pivoting - API and Azure management endpoint exploitation - Hybrid identity and on-prem integration abuse |
| Initial Access | 20% | - Exposed secrets and configuration flaws - Password spraying and credential stuffing - Token and session abuse - Consent phishing and application abuse |
| Privilege Escalation | 25% | - Key Vault and secret management misconfigurations - Service Principal and App Registration attacks - Managed Identity exploitation - Entra ID role and permission abuse |
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NEW QUESTION # 19
You've gained access to the Azure environment, now dig deeper. One of the accessible resources contains a hidden flag.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Answer in Explanation below.
Explanation:
Flag{a92f7e0c3c4b9d88a1f54e6723d4c1a2}
Detailed Solution:
Start by listing all Azure resources accessible to the compromised user.
az resource list --output table
The environment exposes at least these resources:
RnD-Tools Excalibur-Resources ukwest Microsoft.Web/sites
WebAppTokenIdentity Excalibur-Resources ukwest Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities The most interesting target is the App Service:
RnD-Tools
Web Apps often store configuration values in App Settings. These commonly contain secrets, flags, API keys, connection strings, or credentials.
Query the App Service application settings:
az webapp config appsettings list \
--name RnD-Tools \
--resource-group Excalibur-Resources \
--output json
Look for keys such as:
Flag
secret
password
token
connectionString
clientSecret
The exposed app setting contains:
{
" name " : " Flag " ,
" slotSetting " : false,
" value " : " Flag{a92f7e0c3c4b9d88a1f54e6723d4c1a2} "
}
Final answer:
Flag{a92f7e0c3c4b9d88a1f54e6723d4c1a2}
NEW QUESTION # 20
A compromised principal has permission to list role assignments. Identify which user has the User Access Administrator role at the resource group scope.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Answer in Explanation below.
Explanation:
olivia.admin@cloudcorpsec.onmicrosoft.com
Detailed Solution:
Run:
az role assignment list \
--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \
--all \
--output table
Or filter by role:
az role assignment list \
--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \
--role " User Access Administrator " \
--query " [].{Principal:principalName,Role:roleDefinitionName,Scope:scope} " \
--output table
Expected output:
Principal Role Scope
------------------------------------- ------------------------- ---------------------------- olivia.admin@cloudcorpsec.onmicrosoft.com User Access Administrator /subscriptions/.../rg-prod-apps-eastus Final answer:
olivia.admin@cloudcorpsec.onmicrosoft.com
NEW QUESTION # 21
Using the previously retrieved credentials, authenticate as the App Registration within the tenant and enumerate potential lateral movement vectors. Which of the following roles is assigned to the App Registration?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Detailed Solution:
Use the app registration credentials recovered from blob storage.
az login --service-principal \
-u ' < client-id > ' \
-p ' < client-secret > ' \
--tenant f015f36d-c07f-41fb-9bde-fffc3a22ee8b
Confirm that you are authenticated as a service principal:
az account show
Now enumerate role assignments for the app registration.
az role assignment list \
--assignee ' < client-id > ' \
--all \
--output table
If the --assignee lookup fails, first resolve the service principal object ID:
az ad sp show \
--id ' < client-id > ' \
--query id \
--output tsv
Then query role assignments by object ID:
SP_OBJECT_ID=$(az ad sp show --id ' < client-id > ' --query id -o tsv)
az role assignment list \
--assignee " $SP_OBJECT_ID " \
--all \
--output table
The assigned role is:
Key Vault Secrets User
This role allows the principal to read secret values from Azure Key Vault. That is the lateral movement path into the final flag.
Final answer:
A). Key Vault Secrets User
NEW QUESTION # 22
During network reconnaissance of an Azure VM, you inspect its Network Security Group. Which inbound rule creates the highest risk?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Detailed Solution:
List NSG rules:
az network nsg rule list \
--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \
--nsg-name nsg-prod-linux01 \
--output table
Expected risky rule:
Name Priority Direction Access Protocol Source DestinationPortRange
------------ -------- --------- ------ -------- ------------ -------------------- Allow-SSH 100 Inbound Allow Tcp Internet 22 SSH exposed directly to the Internet is risky because it increases brute-force, credential-stuffing, and remote exploitation exposure. In a hardened Azure environment, SSH should typically be restricted through VPN, Bastion, JIT access, or trusted administrative IP ranges.
Correct answer:
B). Allow TCP 22 from Internet
NEW QUESTION # 23
A virtual machine has a system-assigned managed identity. From the VM shell, which Azure CLI command authenticates using that identity?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Detailed Solution:
On an Azure VM with a system-assigned managed identity, run:
az login --identity
Then verify:
az account show
For a user-assigned managed identity, specify the client ID:
az login --identity --client-id < client-id >
Microsoft's Azure CLI documentation confirms az login --identity for system-assigned managed identities and --client-id, --object-id, or --resource-id for user-assigned identities.
Correct answer:
B). az login --identity
NEW QUESTION # 24
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