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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Estate Planning | 10% | - Estate Distribution and Tax Planning
|
| Retirement Planning | 20% | - Retirement Income Needs Analysis
|
| Savings Planning and Debt Management | 10% | - Net Worth and Cash Management Planning
|
| Financial Planning Practice | 10% | - The Personal Financial Planning Process in Canada
|
| Financial Planning for Small Business | 15% | - Business Law and Agency Relationships
|
| Investment and Tax Planning | 10% | - Tax Planning Strategies
|
| Family Law | 15% | - Financial and Property Issues
|
| Insurance Planning | 10% | - Life Insurance
|
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NEW QUESTION # 11
How long does an executor have to make a spousal Registered Retirement Savings Plan contribution on behalf of a deceased person?
Answer: B
Explanation:
A deceased person's legal representative cannot make a contribution to the deceased individual's own RRSP after death. However, a special rule permits the legal representative to contribute to a surviving spouse's or common-law partner's RRSP using the deceased person's available RRSP deduction room.
CRA confirms that this contribution may be made during the calendar year of death or within the first 60 days after the end of that year. The qualifying amount may then be deducted on the deceased individual's final income tax return, subject to the deceased person's available RRSP deduction limit.
For example, if an individual dies in July and has unused RRSP room, the executor does not have only 60 days from July. The relevant deadline extends through the year of death and into the first 60 days of the following calendar year.
Option A therefore applies the 60-day period from the wrong starting point. Option B ends the contribution period too early, while option D substitutes an arbitrary six-month period that is not the RRSP rule.
The strategy can be valuable because it creates a final deduction while simultaneously increasing tax-deferred retirement savings for the surviving spouse.
FPII reference/topic: Retirement Planning - RRSPs at death; spousal RRSP contributions; executor planning; final tax return.
NEW QUESTION # 12
What is unique about the taxation of a partnership?
Answer: A
Explanation:
A partnership generally operates as a flow-through structure for Canadian income-tax purposes. The partnership calculates its income or loss, but the economic results are allocated among the partners. Each partner then reports the applicable share on that partner's own tax return.
CRA specifically states that a partnership generally does not itself pay income tax on its income. Instead, each partner reports his or her share of the partnership's net income or loss, whether the allocated amount was actually received in cash or merely credited to the partner's capital account.
This differs materially from a corporation, which is a separate taxpayer and pays corporate income tax before after-tax profits may subsequently be distributed to shareholders.
Option C is therefore inappropriate: the small business corporate tax rate applies to qualifying Canadian- controlled private corporations, not directly to partnership income. Option B similarly assigns a tax attribute to the partnership itself that does not describe the basic partnership taxation mechanism. Option A is not the defining feature and, in any event, taxation depends on the character of amounts allocated through the partnership.
The essential FPII principle is that partnership income and losses flow through to the partners.
FPII reference/topic: Financial Planning for Small Business - partnerships; taxation of business structures; flow-through income and losses.
NEW QUESTION # 13
Joshua and Marie are siblings who inherited an apartment building from their parents, which they now own jointly. They share the net profits equally, but they do not have a signed agreement. What ruling will the courts apply with respect to the existence of a partnership?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The strongest indicator in this scenario is that Joshua and Marie share the net profits, making option B the appropriate answer.
A partnership does not require a formal written partnership agreement. Canadian partnership analysis focuses on whether the parties are carrying on a business in common with a view to profit. CRA guidance, drawing on Supreme Court of Canada partnership jurisprudence, confirms that documentary evidence is relevant but the surrounding facts and actual conduct of the parties can establish the relationship.
Mere co-ownership of an asset does not automatically create a partnership. Two individuals can jointly own real estate without conducting business as partners. The important distinction is whether their activities demonstrate a common profit-making business. CRA guidance specifically distinguishes simple co-ownership from partnership and notes that sharing profits is a material partnership factor, whereas simply receiving each co-owner's portion of gross returns does not necessarily create one.
Their family relationship and non-arm's-length status also do not prevent a partnership from existing.
Accordingly, the combination of joint operation and equal sharing of net profits supports the partnership characterization.
FPII reference/topic: Financial Planning for Small Business - partnerships; creation of partnerships; co- ownership versus partnership; profit sharing.
NEW QUESTION # 14
Bonny is looking to lease a vehicle. Here is the information given to her by the salesperson:
Net capitalized value
$25,000
Monthly payments
$300
Term of the lease
48 months
Residual value
$13,450
Sales taxes on residual value
$1,749
Down payment (including taxes)
$4,500
What is the total cost of leasing?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The cost of leasing the vehicle during the contractual lease period consists of Bonny's lease payments plus the initial down payment.
Total monthly lease payments are:
$300 × 48 months = $14,400
Add the initial down payment:
$14,400 + $4,500 = $18,900
Therefore, the total cost of leasing is $18,900, corresponding to option B.
The residual value of $13,450 represents the vehicle's contractual value at the end of the lease. It is relevant if Bonny elects to purchase the vehicle at lease-end, but it is not part of the cost of simply leasing and returning the vehicle.
Similarly, the $1,749 of sales tax associated with the residual value becomes relevant in connection with the purchase of the vehicle at the residual amount. Since the question asks for the cost of leasing-not the combined cost of leasing and subsequently purchasing the vehicle-those amounts should not be added.
This distinction is central when comparing leasing with financing. Lease analysis must separate the cash flows required to use the vehicle during the lease term from the optional amount required to acquire ownership when the lease terminates.
FPII reference/topic: Savings Planning and Debt Management - vehicle leasing; lease payments; residual values; lease-versus-buy analysis.
NEW QUESTION # 15
Julien will be making a spousal Registered Retirement Savings Plan contribution for his wife. When should Julien make this contribution, in order to lessen the impact of the three-year rule?
Answer: A
Explanation:
December minimizes the actual elapsed time during which the spousal RRSP attribution rule can affect subsequent withdrawals.
The rule operates by calendar taxation years, not by measuring exactly 36 months from the contribution date.
Generally, if the contributing spouse made a contribution in the year of a withdrawal or in either of the two immediately preceding years, some or all of the withdrawal may be attributed back to the contributor. CRA confirms this current-year-plus-two-preceding-years framework.
Suppose Julien contributes in December of Year 1. The contribution is relevant for withdrawals occurring in Year 1, Year 2, and Year 3. By January of Year 4, the contribution is outside the three-calendar-year attribution period. The actual elapsed period can therefore be only slightly more than two years.
By contrast, a contribution made in January of Year 1 is subject to the same calendar-year framework but remains potentially relevant for almost three full years.
This does not eliminate the attribution rule; it simply reduces its chronological effect. Other contributions made to any spousal RRSP during the relevant period must also be considered.
FPII reference/topic: Retirement Planning - spousal RRSPs; attribution rules; three-year rule; retirement income splitting.
NEW QUESTION # 16
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