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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Professional Practice Requirements | - Project documentation and reporting - Value study facilitation |
| Value Methodology Overview | - Principles of Value Engineering / Value Analysis
|
| Job Plan Phases | - Information Phase
|
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NEW QUESTION # 126
Subject information:
Service Life = 12 years
Fuel = $9.00 per liter
Annual kilometers driven = 40,000 kilometers
Car A: Paid $40,000 , needs batteries every two years at $600 , needs tires every two years at $1,000 , fuel efficiency = 10 kilometers per liter .
Car B: Paid $50,000 , needs tires every two years at $2,000 , fuel efficiency = 15 kilometers per liter .
Car C: Paid $60,000 , needs tires every two years at $4,000 , fuel efficiency = 20 kilometers per liter .
What is the total life cycle cost - initial, replacement costs, and annual costs - of Car A for the service life of the vehicle without considering the discount rate?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct answer is A. $480,000 . In the CVS Value Methodology context, life-cycle cost includes the initial cost, recurrent annual costs, and discrete future replacement expenditures over the defined service period. SAVE's VM Dictionary defines life-cycle cost as the sum of initial cost, recurrent annual cost, single expenditures, and disposal or salvage value over a specified period. It also defines recurrent annual cost as operation and maintenance cost occurring throughout each year, and single expenditure as a future replacement outlay occurring at discrete times during service life.
For Car A , the initial cost is $40,000 . Annual fuel use is calculated as:
40,000 km ÷ 10 km/liter = 4,000 liters per year
4,000 liters × $9 = $36,000 per year
$36,000 × 12 years = $432,000
Replacement costs occur every two years during the 12-year service period, excluding a replacement at the end of year 12 because the vehicle's service life ends. Therefore, replacements occur at years 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10
:
5 × ($600 batteries + $1,000 tires) = 5 × $1,600 = $8,000
Total LCC = $40,000 + $432,000 + $8,000 = $480,000 .
References/topics: Evaluation Phase; Life-Cycle Cost; Initial Cost; Recurrent Annual Cost; Single Expenditure; Cost Analysis.
NEW QUESTION # 127
Who typically relates value directly to the functions they are trying to acquire?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The correct answer is D. Customers . In Value Methodology, value is not judged mainly by the design team, facilitator, or internal decision makers. It is judged from the perspective of the party seeking or acquiring the needed function. The SAVE International Study Guide defines value as a relationship between function and resources , where the function is measured by the performance requirements of the customer , and the resources are the materials, labor, price, time, and other inputs required to accomplish that function. ( cdn..
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This means customers directly connect value with the functions they want to obtain. They are not buying materials, drawings, specifications, or technical complexity for their own sake; they are acquiring useful functions such as support load, move people, protect asset, reduce risk, or provide comfort. Users may experience the function, and decision makers may approve funding, but the customer is the party whose performance expectations define whether the function provides acceptable value.
Therefore, in CVS terms, customer requirements are central to value determination because function must satisfy customer expectations while resources are minimized or optimized.
References/topics: Function Analysis Phase; Value Definition; Customer Requirements; Function/Resources Relationship; VM Fundamentals.
NEW QUESTION # 128
A company wants to add a new product to its manufacturing process. Who should provide input as this new product will affect the current manufacturing process?
Choose 3 answers.
Answer: B,C,E
Explanation:
The correct answers are B. Maintenance, C. Production, and E. Engineering . The question is focused on how adding a new product will affect the current manufacturing process , so input must come from the functions that directly understand equipment capability, production workflow, process design, downtime risk, maintainability, tooling, tolerances, and operational constraints. SAVE's Value Methodology Standard specifically states that VM can be applied to manufacturing processes , and that the Value Study Team should be a multidisciplinary group of experienced professionals and project stakeholders selected based on their expertise and experience with the project.
Production is essential because it understands line capacity, sequencing, labor flow, bottlenecks, cycle time, quality impact, and daily operating constraints. Maintenance is essential because a new product may require equipment changes, additional preventive maintenance, setup changes, spare parts, downtime planning, or reliability analysis. Engineering is essential because it understands product design, process capability, manufacturing methods, fixtures, tooling, specifications, and technical feasibility.
Marketing may provide market demand or customer preference input, but that is not the best answer when the question narrows the issue to the existing manufacturing process. Human resources may support staffing or training later, but it is not one of the three primary technical process stakeholders.
References/topics: Multidisciplinary Team; Stakeholder Expertise; Manufacturing Process VM; Team Composition.
NEW QUESTION # 129
A VM study team member determined that the VM proposal will not meet the goals of the study subject.
What should the VM facilitator do?
Choose 2 answers.
Answer: A,D
Explanation:
The correct answers are A and B . During the Development Phase , a VM proposal must be sufficiently developed to demonstrate that it supports the study objectives, required functions, performance expectations, constraints, risks, and value improvement goals. If a team member determines that a proposal will not meet the goals of the study subject, the facilitator should not simply discard it without traceability. The proper action is to document the reasons the proposal does not meet the goals. This preserves the analytical basis for the decision and shows that the alternative was considered objectively rather than rejected informally.
The facilitator should also review the results with stakeholders because the proposal may affect owner requirements, scope intent, user expectations, cost targets, or implementation priorities. Stakeholder review confirms whether the proposal should be revised, deferred, combined with another alternative, or formally eliminated.
Option C is incorrect because completing a proposal that is already known not to meet study goals wastes team effort unless stakeholders specifically redirect the team. Option D is incorrect because disregarding the proposal without documentation violates disciplined VM practice and weakens decision transparency.
References/topics: Development Phase; VM Proposal Development; Stakeholder Review; Value Alternative Validation; Documentation of Rejected Alternatives.
NEW QUESTION # 130
Which of the following is the best method to capture the status of recommendations?
Answer: B
Explanation:
The correct answer is C. Document the disposition of the alternatives . In the Implementation Phase, the purpose is to ensure that accepted value alternatives are implemented and that the benefits projected by the Value Study are realized. The SAVE International Study Guide states that, after delivery of the preliminary report, management and the project team should agree on which value alternatives will be implemented, how implementation will occur, and by when. It also identifies a key implementation activity as conducting an implementation meeting to determine the disposition of each value alternative . ( ) Documenting the disposition means recording whether each recommendation or value alternative was accepted, rejected, deferred, modified, or requires additional study. This creates a formal status record and preserves management's decision rationale. The Study Guide also emphasizes establishing action plans for accepted alternatives and documenting the rationale for rejected alternatives, which directly supports formal disposition tracking. ( ) Option B is related to follow-up or validation, not the primary method of capturing recommendation status.
Option D is too informal, and Option A is not a recognized VM control method.
References/topics: Implementation Phase; Value Alternative Disposition; Recommendation Status Tracking; Action Plans; VM Follow-Up.
NEW QUESTION # 131
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