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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| IPv6 Routing | 20% | - BGP4+ and IPv6 route deployment - IPv6 addressing and transition technologies - OSPFv3 and IS-IS for IPv6 |
| Network O&M | 7% | - Network monitoring and management tools - Performance optimization and capacity planning |
| Network Cutover and Migration | 7% | - Migration strategies and risk control - Service switchover and verification |
| Advanced BGP Features | 10% | - Route reflectors and confederations - BGP path control and filtering - BGP route attributes and policies |
| Network Troubleshooting | 10% | - Troubleshooting routing and switching issues - Fault diagnosis and analysis methods |
| Advanced IGP Features | 17% | - IS-IS advanced features and convergence - OSPF advanced features and optimization - IGP route selection and control |
| Advanced Ethernet Technologies | 10% | - VLAN stacking and QinQ - Ethernet OAM and protection mechanisms - Advanced link aggregation and reliability |
| MPLS Technologies | 19% | - MPLS basics and label distribution - MPLS protection and fast reroute - MPLS VPN and traffic engineering |
>> H12-831_V1.0-ENU Deutsch <<
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231. Frage
There is the concept of forwarding equivalence class FEC in MPLS, which of the following description is wrong? (Multiple choice)
Antwort: C,D
232. Frage
Run the display ip interface GEO/D/D command to view statistics about ping packets received on the interface.
Antwort: B
233. Frage
On the IS-IS IPv6 network shown in the figure, multi-topology is enabled on all routers. The IPv6 address of Loopback0 on R4 is 2000::/128. The IPv6 summary 2000::/64 level-1-2 command is configured in the IS-IS processes of R2 and R1. Which of the following statements is false?
Antwort: A
Begründung:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
To determine which statement is false, we need to analyze the IS-IS topology, the role of multi-topology, the IPv6 summary configuration, and the level-1-2 behavior of IS-IS routers. Let's break it down step by step:
* Understanding the IS-IS Topology and Levels :
* IS-IS supports multiple levels: Level-1 (L1) for intra-area routing, Level-2 (L2) for inter-area routing, and Level-1-2 (L1-2) routers that can operate in both levels and connect L1 and L2 areas.
* In the figure, R1 and R2 are configured as Level-1-2 routers, R3 is a Level-1-2 router, R4 is a Level-1 router, and R5 is a Level-1 router. The area borders are indicated by the system IDs (49.0001 for R4's area and 49.0002 for R3 and R5's area).
* R4's Loopback0 has the IPv6 address 2000::/128, which is a host route (a /128 prefix, representing a single address).
* Multi-Topology IS-IS for IPv6 :
* Multi-topology IS-IS allows separate topologies for IPv4 and IPv6, ensuring that IPv6 routes are handled independently. Since multi-topology is enabled on all routers, IPv6 routes (like 2000::
/128 on R4) are advertised and processed within the IPv6 topology.
* This means that IPv6 routes, including the Loopback0 address of R4 (2000::/128), can be advertised across the IS-IS domain, subject to the level and summary configurations.
* IPv6 Summary Configuration (2000::/64 level-1-2) :
* The command ipv6 summary 2000::/64 level-1-2 is configured in the IS-IS processes of R1 and R2. This command instructs R1 and R2 (as Level-1-2 routers) to summarize the IPv6 prefix
2000::/64 and advertise it to both Level-1 and Level-2 areas.
* Summarization means that instead of advertising the more specific route (e.g., 2000::/128 from R4), R1 and R2 advertise the less specific summary route 2000::/64. This summary route covers the 2000::/128 address of R4's Loopback0.
* Since R1 and R2 are Level-1-2 routers, they can advertise this summary to both their Level-1 neighbors (like R4 and R3) and Level-2 neighbors (across areas).
* Analyzing Each Statement :
* A. The routing table of R1 contains the route 2000::/64.
* True. R1 is a Level-1-2 router with the ipv6 summary 2000::/64 level-1-2 command configured. It advertises and installs the summary route 2000::/64 in its routing table, covering the more specific 2000::/128 from R4. Additionally, as a Level-1-2 router, R1 can learn and retain this route from its IS-IS neighbors.
* B. The routing table of R2 contains the route 2000::/64.
* True. Similar to R1, R2 is also a Level-1-2 router with the same summary command. It advertises and installs the 2000::/64 summary route in its routing table, covering R4's
2000::/128.
* C. The routing table of R3 contains the route 2000::/128.
* False. R3 is a Level-1-2 router in area 49.0002, but it receives routes from R2 (a Level-1-2 router in area 49.0001). Because R1 and R2 are configured with the ipv6 summary 2000::
/64 level-1-2 command, they advertise the summary route 2000::/64 to their neighbors, including R3. IS-IS prefers the most specific route, but the summary configuration ensures that the more specific 2000::/128 from R4 is not advertised beyond R1 and R2 unless explicitly allowed. Since R3 is in a different area and receives the summary 2000::/64 from R2, it does not have the more specific 2000::/128 route in its routing table. Therefore, this statement is false.
* D. The routing table of R2 contains the route 2000::/128.
* True. R2, as a Level-1-2 router, is directly connected to R4 (a Level-1 router) via the IS-IS topology. R4 advertises its Loopback0 address 2000::/128 to R2. Even though R2 is configured to summarize 2000::/64, it can still retain the more specific 2000::/128 route in its routing table because IS-IS allows routers to keep both summary and more specific routes, with the more specific route taking precedence for routing decisions.
* Conclusion :
* The false statement is C, as R3 does not contain the route 2000::/128 in its routing table. Instead, R3 receives the summary route 2000::/64 from R2 due to the summary configuration on R1 and R2.
References to HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology Documents :
* HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0, Section on IS-IS: Multi-Topology IS-IS for IPv6, Level-1 and Level-2 Operations, and Route Summarization.
* HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0, Chapter on IPv6 Routing Protocols:
IS-IS Configuration and Behavior, Including Summary Address Commands and L1/L2 Interactions.
234. Frage
As shown in the figure:
Antwort: A
235. Frage
In BGP/MPLS IP VPN, the OSPF multi-instance process uses the DN bit to prevent Type5 LSA loops.
Antwort: B
236. Frage
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