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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Negotiation strategies and tactics | - Approaches to negotiation
|
| Negotiation planning and preparation | - Preparation techniques
|
| Negotiation fundamentals | - Principles of commercial negotiation
|
| Power, ethics and communication in negotiation | - Influencing factors
|
>> Valid L4M5 Test Materials <<
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NEW QUESTION # 81
It may be more difficult to buy on a credit from supplier who locates in a country with a hyperinflation? Is this assumption true?
Answer: A
Explanation:
If theinflation rate is running high, then obtaining credit as a buyer is normally more difficult or expensive as money in the future will be worth less than money today.
NEW QUESTION # 82
Champion Toys (CT) is negotiating a large order with Top Teds. CT has identified lead times, order quantities, and delivery locations as tradeables. At which negotiation stage should CT introduce these tradeables?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Tradeables-variables such as price, delivery, quality, and payment terms-are introduced in the bargaining stage of negotiations. This is the phase where both parties test positions, make concessions, and trade issues to create acceptable packages. Proposing and opening are earlier stages focused on setting out agendas and clarifying needs, while closure comes after tradeables are resolved. Introducing tradeables too early can weaken leverage, and leaving them too late risks deadlock. Bargaining ensures the structured exchange of concessions while protecting the overall bargaining mix.
Reference: CIPS L4M5 (2nd ed.), LO 1.1 - Negotiation stages, bargaining as the point for tradeables.
NEW QUESTION # 83
Which of the following are most likely to be sources of conflict that can emerge from the process of commercial negotiations? Select TWO that apply.
Answer: D,E
Explanation:
There are multiple sources of divergent positions that can arise in situations where money is exchange for goods and services. There are 2 different types of sources. Those that arise from the content or subject matter of the negotiation (what is being negotiated) and those that arise from the process of negotiation (how it is being negotiated).
Sources of divergent positions - the process of negotiation:
Table Description automatically generated
Line of best fits is the line that goes approximately through the middle of the data points with an equal number of data points above and below it. Line of best fits is a method of calculating medium value in statistics.
Standard terms and conditions are basic terms and conditions of business governing transactions that do not have a definitive contract, usually designed to be included in form documents such as orders. While there may be conflicts regarding standard terms and conditions, they are about the content of negotiation, not the process.
Type of purchase: when buying organisation makes an decision to purchase an item, a buyer is faced with three possible scenarios. The item to be bought could be a straight re-buy, a modified re-buy or a new purchase. Decision on type of purchase is purely an internal decision.
NEW QUESTION # 84
Which negotiation approach is focused on a win-win outcome?
Answer: B
Explanation:
A collaborative negotiation approach is explicitly designed to achieve win-win outcomes, where both parties work together to maximise joint value. This approach is closely associated with integrative negotiation, emphasising trust, information sharing, and joint problem-solving. Distributive and adversarial approaches are win-lose, focusing on dividing value rather than creating it. "Collective" is not a recognised CIPS negotiation approach. Collaborative negotiation is particularly suitable where long-term relationships, shared objectives, or strategic partnerships are important.
Reference: CIPS L4M5 Commercial Negotiation (CORE), 2nd edition - LO 1.1: Integrative and collaborative negotiation approaches.
NEW QUESTION # 85
Understanding supplier's mark-up and margin can provide procurement professional a comprehensive insight into supplier's net profits. Is this statement true?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Mark-up and margin allow supplier to make gross profit. Remember that every supplier operates under different cost structures and some are set up to be most profitableat a particular level of volume, so it is dangerous to assume all suppliers can survive on a lower margin if their volume increases. Intelligent buyers understand that mark-up and margin may define gross profits, but they tell you very little about a supplier's net profits.
LO 2, AC 2.1
NEW QUESTION # 86
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