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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Security Engineering and Cryptography | approx. 23% | - Cryptographic solutions and implementations - Identity and access management design - Secure network and system engineering |
| Topic 2: Security Operations | approx. 25% | - Threat management and response - Incident response and recovery - Security monitoring and analysis |
| Topic 3: Governance, Risk, and Compliance | approx. 22% | - Security policies and compliance requirements - Business continuity and disaster recovery planning - Risk management frameworks |
| Topic 4: Security Architecture | approx. 21% | - Secure enterprise architecture design - Secure system design principles - Cloud and hybrid environment security |
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NEW QUESTION # 124
A company recently experienced a ransomware attack. Although the company performs systems and data backup on a schedule that aligns with its RPO (Recovery Point Objective) requirements, the backup administrator could not recover critical systems and data from its offline backups to meet the RPO.
Eventually, the systems and data were restored with information that was six months outside of RPO requirements.
Which of the following actions should the company take to reduce the risk of a similar attack?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
* Understanding the Ransomware Issue:
* The key issue here is that backups were not recoverable within the required RPO timeframe.
* This means the organization did not properly test its backup and disaster recovery (DR) processes.
* To prevent this from happening again, regular disaster recovery testing is essential.
* Why Option C is Correct:
* Disaster recovery testing ensures that backups are functional and can meet business continuity needs.
* Frequent DR testing allows organizations to identify and fix gaps in recovery strategies.
* Regular testing ensures that recovery meets the RPO & RTO (Recovery Time Objective) requirements.
* Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
* A (Encrypt & label backup tapes): While encryption is important, it does not address the failure to meet RPO requirements.
* B (Reverting to manual business processes): While a manual continuity plan is good for resilience, it does not resolve the backup and recovery failure.
* D (Tabletop exercise & RACI matrix): A tabletop exercise is a planning activity, but it does not involve actual recovery testing.
NEW QUESTION # 125
An organization is developing a disaster recovery plan that requires data to be backed up and available ata moment's notice. Which of the following should the organization consider first to address this requirement?
Answer: A
Explanation:
For a disaster recovery (DR) plan requiring immediate data availability, the first step is understanding what needs to be protected and recovered. Identifying critical business processes and their associated software and hardware requirements establishes the foundation for the DR plan. This ensures that backups and recovery mechanisms align with business priorities, meeting the "moment's notice" requirement.
* Option A:A change management plan is important for system consistency but doesn't directly address immediate data availability in a DR context.
* Option B:Hiring staff supports execution but doesn't define what needs to be recovered or how. It's a later step.
* Option C:A warm site (a partially operational backup site) is a good DR solution, but designing it comes after identifying critical processes and resources.
* Option D:This is the first step in any DR planning process-knowing what's critical ensures the plan meets availability goals efficiently.
NEW QUESTION # 126
A web application server that provides services to hybrid modern and legacy financial applications recently underwent a scheduled upgrade to update common libraries, including OpenSSL. Multiple users are now reporting failed connection attempts to the server. The technician performing initial triage identified the following:
* Client applications more than five years old appear to be the most affected.
* Web server logs show initial connection attempts by affected hosts.
* For the failed connections, logs indicate "cipher unavailable."
Which of the following is most likely to safely remediate this situation?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The "cipher unavailable" message indicates that the client and server could not agree on a common cipher suite. After the OpenSSL update, the server likely dropped support for older, insecure ciphers (such as RC4 or 3DES) that legacy clients still use. The safest remediation is to update or configure the client applications to support modern, secure ciphers such as AES in Galois/Counter Mode (AES-GCM) or an equivalent strong cipher suite that is supported by the updated OpenSSL server.
Option A (SSL 3.0) is unsafe because SSL 3.0 is deprecated and vulnerable to multiple attacks (e.g., POODLE).
Option C (ECB mode) is insecure due to pattern leakage and should never be enforced.
Option D (ECC signatures) relates to key exchange and signatures, not to the "cipher unavailable" issue directly.
This approach aligns with SecurityX CAS-005 cryptographic interoperability guidance-modernize clients rather than reintroduce insecure protocols.
NEW QUESTION # 127
A DNS forward lookup zone named comptia.org must:
- Ensure the DNS is protected from on-path attacks.
- Ensure zone transfers use mutual authentication and are authenticated and negotiated.
Which of the following should the security architect configure to meet these requirements?
(Choose two).
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
By publishing the zone's DNSSEC public keys (and configuring the parent zone and any secondary servers to trust them), zone transfers will automatically be integrity-checked and authenticated. The mutual authentication during zone transfers relies on the underlying public-key signatures that DNSSEC provides.
Deploying DNSSEC for the comptia.org zone signs all records with cryptographic signatures and publishes the corresponding public keys, protecting against on-path tampering and spoofing.
NEW QUESTION # 128
An organization is planning for disaster recovery and continuity of operations, and has noted the following relevant findings:
1. A natural disaster may disrupt operations at Site A, which would then cause an evacuation. Users are unable to log into the domain from-their workstations after relocating to Site B.
2. A natural disaster may disrupt operations at Site A, which would then cause the pump room at Site B to become inoperable.
3. A natural disaster may disrupt operations at Site A, which would then cause unreliable internet connectivity at Site B due to route flapping.
INSTRUCTIONS
Match each relevant finding to the affected host by clicking on the host name and selecting the appropriate number.
For findings 1 and 2, select the items that should be replicated to Site B. For finding 3, select the item requiring configuration changes, then select the appropriate corrective action from the drop-down menu.
Answer:
Explanation:
Matching Relevant Findings to the Affected Hosts:
* Finding 1:
* Affected Host: DNS
* Reason: Users are unable to log into the domain from their workstations after relocating to Site B, which implies a failure in domain name services that are critical for user authentication and domain login.
* Finding 2:
* Affected Host: Pumps
* Reason: The pump room at Site B becoming inoperable directly points to the critical infrastructure components associated with pumping operations.
* Finding 3:
* Affected Host: VPN Concentrator
* Reason: Unreliable internet connectivity at Site B due to route flapping indicates issues with network routing, which is often managed by VPN concentrators that handle site-to-site connectivity.
Corrective Actions for Finding 3:
* Finding 3 Corrective Action:
* Action: Modify the BGP configuration
* Reason: Route flapping is often related to issues with Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) configurations. Adjusting BGP settings can stabilize routes and improve internet connectivity reliability.
* Replication to Site B for Finding 1:
* Affected Host: DNS
* Explanation: Domain Name System (DNS) services are essential for translating domain names into IP addresses, allowing users to log into the network. Replicating DNS services ensures that even if Site A is disrupted, users at Site B can still authenticate and access necessary resources.
* Replication to Site B for Finding 2:
* Affected Host: Pumps
* Explanation: The operation of the pump room is crucial for maintaining various functions within the infrastructure. Replicating the control systems and configurations for the pumps at Site B ensures that operations can continue smoothly even if Site A is affected.
* Configuration Changes for Finding 3:
* Affected Host: VPN Concentrator
* Explanation: Route flapping is a situation where routes become unstable, causing frequent changes in the best path for data to travel. This instability can be mitigated by modifying BGP configurations to ensure more stable routing. VPN concentrators, which manage connections between sites, are typically configured with BGP for optimal routing.
References:
* CompTIA Security+ Study Guide: This guide provides detailed information on disaster recovery and continuity of operations, emphasizing the importance of replicating critical services and making necessary configuration changes to ensure seamless operation during disruptions.
* CompTIA Security+ Exam Objectives: These objectives highlight key areas in disaster recovery planning, including the replication of critical services and network configuration adjustments.
* Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity Planning (DRBCP): This resource outlines best practices for ensuring that operations can continue at an alternate site during a disaster, including the replication of essential services and network stability measures.
By ensuring that critical services like DNS and control systems for pumps are replicated at the alternate site, and by addressing network routing issues through proper BGP configuration, the organization can maintain operational continuity and minimize the impact of natural disasters on their operations.
NEW QUESTION # 129
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