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The Defining Business Needs unit is particularly relevant to procurement and supply chain professionals as it helps them to understand the broader business context in which procurement decisions are made. By understanding business needs, procurement professionals can ensure that their procurement strategies align with the goals and objectives of the organization.
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CIPS L4M2 exam covers various topics related to defining business needs, including understanding the importance of defining business needs, identifying business requirements, analyzing business needs, and communicating business needs to stakeholders. L4M2 Exam also tests a candidate's ability to understand different types of requirements, such as functional and non-functional requirements, and how to effectively communicate these requirements to stakeholders.
NEW QUESTION # 99
When procuring a machinery, at which stage buyer must check whether it is working to the stand-ards set out in the design specification?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Through-life Management involves the life-cycle management of the products, services and activities required to deliver a fully integrated capability to the customer, while reducing the cost of ownership for the customer.
Diagram, table Description automatically generated
Source: Andrew Graves
The installation stage occurs in In-Service Operations. At this stage, the machinery is shipped and installed on the buyer's premises and check to ensure that it is working to the standards set out in the design specification.
Reference: CIPS study guide page 130
LO 3, AC 3.2
NEW QUESTION # 100
Which of the following are typical benefits of through-life asset management to buying organisa-tion? Select the TWO that apply.
Answer: A,E
Explanation:
According to Andrew Graves, "Through-life Management involves the life-cycle management of the products, services and activities required to deliver a fully integrated capability to the customer, while reducing the cost of ownership for the customer." Benefits of through-life asset management can be:
- Lower total life-cycle costs
- Better match between the asset and end-user's needs
- Better supplier capabilities over time because it gains experience of buying organisation's needs.
NEW QUESTION # 101
Honda of America Manufacturing is a well established automobile manufacturer. It purchases tens of thousands of materials and parts from suppliers, however, only few of them are strategic. To these suppliers, Honda's procurement manager requires them to send details of labour, materials, overhead cost and profit. However, the suppliers are reluctant to submit such confidential infor-mation. Is the procurement manager's action appropriate?
Answer: D
Explanation:
With strategic suppliers, the aim should be to work co-operatively with them to find ways of reducing costs to achieve a target cost. It is necessary to work with the suppliers in carrying out open book costing by having first persuaded them of the need to do it. Open book can be used to establish a Target Cost, a Compensation Event value and can eventually be used to ensure the payment of actual costs to an organization. A number of forms of contract cater for this functionality of which only the NEC goes to into any great depth of methodology.
If the suppliers worry about leak of confidential information, procurement team can suggest them to sign a non-disclosure agreement. The buying organisation should also comply with data protection regulations. The Employer / individual responsible for a project's costs should ultimately take a pragmatic and sensible approach with regard to commercially or personally sensitive data provided by the contractor. The primary goal of all open book cost management is to provide Employer comfort and security in the accuracy of commercial data; this effectively means striking a balance between undertaking full audits and blind faith.
Reference:
LO 1, AC 1.2
NEW QUESTION # 102
An automotive manufacturer is sourcing rubber components from Company A.
The specification given to the supplier state that the component should be 1 meter long, without mentioning the tolerance. Enthusiast with the opportunity, engineers at Company A work hard to cut the components with tolerance at only +/- 1mm. The head and tail of the component is then joined together to form a circular band. After that it is stretched over another component. To fit this purpose, the rubber component can be at any length from 80cm to 110cm. This is an example of...?
Answer: A
Explanation:
This questions is intended to ask students about types of waste in Lean principles.
Lean was born out of manufacturing practices but in recent time has transformed the world of knowledge work and management. It encourages the practice of continuous improvement and is based on the fundamental idea of respect for people. Womack and Jones defined the five principles of Lean manufacturing in their book "The Machine That Changed the World". The five principles are considered a recipe for improving workplace efficiency and include: 1) defining value, 2) mapping the value stream, 3) creating flow, 4) using a pull system, and 5) pursuing perfection.
Lean principles aim to eliminate waste in processes. The eight wastes of Lean principles are:
- Defects
- Over-production
- Waiting
- Not using talent
- Transport and handling
- Inventory
- Motion waste
- Excess processing
In the scenario, the component is processed more than necessary. The engineers try to make them as accurate as possible with very little tolerance. In fact, the component does not need to be that precise. This excesses buyer's requirements and incurs costs for both buyer and supplier. The scenario is an example of over processing (or excess processing).
Overprocessing is one of the seven wastes of lean manufacturing (or 7 mudas); Overprocessing is adding more value to a product than the customer actually requires such as painting areas that will never be seen or be exposed to corrosion.
Overprocessing as one of the seven wastes is caused by having unclear standards and specifications, many operators will try to do the best job possible and will not always be aware of what truly adds value to the product or even the end use. They will therefore often expend time polishing and finishing components that do not require it.
Reference:
- CIPS study guide page 153-156
- Waste of Overprocessing; causes, costs, examples solutions, symptoms (leanmanufactur-ingtools.org) LO 3, AC 3.4
NEW QUESTION # 103
Which of the following factors should be assessed to understand the competitiveness of a supply market?
Answer: C
Explanation:
To evaluate how competitive a supply market is, procurement professionals should look at the number of suppliers, availability of alternatives, and ease of market entry.
The CIPS L4M2 Study Guide, Chapter 2: Understanding Markets, states:
"The number of suppliers in a market is a key indicator of competitiveness. More suppliers mean more choice and better pricing power for buyers." Option analysis:
* A. Minimum wage - Impacts labour cost but not overall competitiveness of supplier numbers or options.
* B. Cross National Product - An economic metric, but not directly useful for assessing market competitiveness.
* C. Number of suppliers within the market - Correct. A fundamental indicator of supply-side competition.
* D. Previous price paid - Useful for historical benchmarking, but not a market structure factor.
Correct answer: C
CIPS Study Guide Reference:
* Module: L4M2 - Defining Business Needs
* Chapter 2: Market Management
* Section: Understanding Supply Market Competitiveness
NEW QUESTION # 104
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