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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Network Security | 8% | - AAA authentication - Attack defense and security policy - ACL and packet filtering |
| Topic 2: IS-IS Fundamentals | 8% | - IS-IS configuration and deployment - IS-IS protocol principles |
| Topic 3: Network Service and Management | 5% | - DHCP and DNS services - Network management and monitoring |
| Topic 4: OSPF Fundamentals | 16% | - OSPF principles and operation mechanisms - OSPF special applications and troubleshooting - OSPF configuration and optimization |
| Topic 5: Network Solutions and Design | 5% | - Typical network architecture and solution - Enterprise network design principles |
| Topic 6: Network Reliability | 7% | - Device redundancy and link backup - BFD technology - VRRP protocol |
| Topic 7: Ethernet Switching Technologies | 7% | - VLAN principles and configuration - Link aggregation and stack technology - Spanning Tree Protocol |
| Topic 8: IPv6 Technologies | 3% | - IPv6 address structure and configuration - IPv6 routing protocols |
| Topic 9: Routing and Traffic Control | 10% | - Route import and redistribution - Policy-based routing - Routing policy and filtering |
| Topic 10: Routing Basics | 3% | - Routing concepts and classification - Routing table composition and selection rules |
| Topic 11: Multicast Technologies | 9% | - PIM protocol - Multicast basic concepts - IGMP protocol |
| Topic 12: WLAN Basics | 2% | - WLAN technology principles - WLAN deployment and optimization |
| Topic 13: BGP Fundamentals | 17% | - BGP route attributes and selection - BGP characteristics and working principles - BGP configuration and policy application |
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問題 #222
R1, R2, R3, and R4 run IS-IS, and the DIS priorities of their interfaces are shown in the following figure. If all these devices are started simultaneously, will be elected as the DIS. (Enter the device name, for example, R1.)
答案：
解題說明：
R4
Explanation:
DIS Election in IS-IS:
In IS-IS, the Designated Intermediate System (DIS) is elected on broadcast networks to reduce the number of LSAs exchanged and maintain the LSDB.
The DIS is elected based on priority:
The router with the highest priority is elected as the DIS.
If priorities are equal, the System ID is used as a tie-breaker, and the router with the highest System ID becomes the DIS.
HCIP-Datacom-Core Technology Training Material (IS-IS DIS Election Mechanism).
Given DIS Priorities:
R1: Priority = 10
R2: Priority = 20
R3: Priority = 30
R4: Priority = 40
R4 has the highest DIS priority of 40, which makes it the clear choice for DIS election.
Scenario Details:
Since all devices are started simultaneously, the DIS election process will follow the priorities without requiring a tie-breaker (System ID).
Conclusion:
The device with the highest DIS priority is R4, and it will be elected as the DIS.
問題 #223
Which of the following values is the Reserved/Circuit Type field in the IIH packets sent by a Level-1-2 router on an IS-IS network?
答案：C
解題說明：
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
* Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) routers send IS-to-IS Hello (IIH) packets to establish neighbor relationships.
* The Reserved/Circuit Type field in IIH packets indicates which level of IS-IS adjacency the router is trying to establish:
* 00 # Level-0 (Not used in IS-IS).
* 01 # Level-1 router.
* 10 # Level-2 router.
* 11 # Level-1-2 router (Both levels supported).
* Since the question asks for the field value in an L1-L2 router's IIH packets, the correct answer is 11 (B).
# Reference: Huawei HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, IS-IS Neighbor Discovery and IIH Packet Format.
問題 #224
On a WLAN, engineers can use the VLAN pool mechanism to assign access users to different VLANs, which helps reduce the number of broadcast domains and improve network performance. VLAN pools support two VLAN assignment algorithms: even and hash. Drag the advantages and disadvantages to the two algorithms.
(Token is reusable)
答案：
解題說明：
Explanation of VLAN Pool Assignment Algorithms:
In WLANs, VLAN pools help reduce broadcast domains and improve network performance by distributing users across multiple VLANs. Two algorithms are used for VLAN assignment:
Even Assignment Algorithm:
* The number of users in each VLAN is even.
* This algorithm assigns users evenly across VLANs, ensuring a balanced distribution of users in each VLAN.
* When STAs go offline and online again, their VLANs and IP addresses may easily change.
* Since the assignment is based on maintaining even distribution, a device (STA) may not be assigned the same VLAN when it reconnects, leading to potential IP address changes.
Hash Assignment Algorithm:
* The number of users in each VLAN is uneven.
* The hash algorithm assigns users to VLANs based on a hash value (e.g., derived from the MAC address). This may result in an uneven distribution of users across VLANs.
* VLANs and IP addresses remain unchanged for STAs that go offline and online again.
* The hash algorithm ensures that a device reconnects to the same VLAN, preserving its IP address.
A screenshot of a computer Description automatically generated
問題 #225
The router directly guides the forwarding of data according to the FIB forwarding table.
答案：A
問題 #226
The AS_Path attribute is an important BGP attribute used for route selection. Which of the following statements are true about this attribute?
答案：A,C,D
解題說明：
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
* AS_Path is a well-known mandatory attribute (not discretionary).
* AS_Path characteristics:
* A. TRUE # When advertising to IBGP peers, AS_Path remains unchanged to prevent routing loops.
* B. TRUE # BGP uses AS_Path to detect loops (if a router sees its own AS in the path, it rejects the route).
* C. FALSE # AS_Path is well-known mandatory, not discretionary.
* D. TRUE # BGP ignores AS_Confed_Sequence and AS_Confed_Set when calculating the AS_Path length.
# Reference: Huawei HCIA-Datacom Study Guide, BGP Path Attributes and Loop Prevention.
問題 #227
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