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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Threat Detection and Incident Response | 14% | - Incident response procedures
|
| Topic 2: Data Protection | 18% | - Data security services
|
| Topic 3: Identity and Access Management | 16% | - AWS IAM fundamentals
|
| Topic 4: Management, Governance and Compliance | 14% | - Governance frameworks
|
| Topic 5: Infrastructure Security | 20% | - Network security
|
| Topic 6: Logging and Monitoring | 18% | - Monitoring and alerting
|
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NEW QUESTION # 172
A company runs a web application on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group. The EC2 instances are in the same VPC subnet as other workloads.
A security engineer deploys an Amazon GuardDuty detector in the same AWS Region as the EC2 instances and integrates GuardDuty with AWS Security Hub.
The security engineer needs to implement an automated solution to detect and appropriately respond to anomalous traffic patterns for the web application. The solution must comply with AWS best practices for initial response to security incidentsand mustminimize disruptionto the web application.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Answer: D
Explanation:
AWS incident response best practices emphasizerapid containment with minimal blast radius. According to the AWS Certified Security - Specialty Official Study Guide, isolating a compromised resource while allowing the application to continue running is the preferred initial response.
By using Amazon EventBridge to detect GuardDuty findings related to anomalous traffic and invoking a Lambda function, the security engineer can automatically remove the affected EC2 instance from the Auto Scaling group and attach arestricted security group. This immediately isolates the instance while allowing Auto Scaling to launch a replacement instance, ensuring application availability.
Option A is invalid because EC2 instance profiles do not use long-term access keys. Option C affects the entire subnet and could disrupt unrelated workloads. Option D provides notification only and does not meet the requirement for automated response.
AWS documentation explicitly recommendsinstance-level isolation using security groupsas a best practice for initial incident containment.
* AWS Certified Security - Specialty Official Study Guide
* Amazon GuardDuty User Guide
* AWS Incident Response Best Practices
NEW QUESTION # 173
A company has several Amazon S3 buckets that do not enforce encryption in transit. A security engineer must implement a solution that enforces encryption in transit for all the company's existing and future S3 buckets.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
Answer: D
Explanation:
To enforce encryption in transit for Amazon S3, AWS best practice is to require HTTPS (TLS) by using a bucket policy condition that denies any request where aws:SecureTransport is false. The requirement includes both existing buckets and future buckets, so the control must continuously evaluate configuration drift and automatically remediate. AWS Config is the service intended for continuous configuration compliance monitoring across resources, and AWS Config managed rules provide standardized checks with low operational overhead. The s3-bucket-ssl-requests-only managed rule evaluates whether S3 buckets enforce SSL-only requests, aligning directly with enforcing encryption in transit. Setting the trigger type to Hybrid ensures evaluation both on configuration changes and periodically. Automatic remediation with an AWS Systems Manager Automation runbook allows the organization to apply or correct the bucket policy consistently at scale without manual work. This approach also supports governance by maintaining a measurable compliance status while actively fixing noncompliance. Option A is not the best fit because a
"proactive" custom policy rule does not by itself remediate existing buckets and "block resource creation" is not how AWS Config enforces controls. Option C is incorrect because Amazon Inspector is a vulnerability management service and does not govern S3 bucket transport policies. Option D is inefficient and indirect because CloudTrail data events are not a compliance engine and would require custom processing.
Referenced AWS Specialty Documents:
AWS Certified Security - Specialty Official Study Guide
AWS Config Managed Rules for S3 Compliance
Amazon S3 Security Best Practices for SSL-only Access
NEW QUESTION # 174
A security engineer for a company is investigating suspicious traffic on a web application in the AWS Cloud. The web application is protected by an Application Load Balancer (ALB) behind an Amazon CloudFront distribution. There is an AWS WAF web ACL associated with the ALB. The company stores AWS WAF logs in an Amazon S3 bucket.
The engineer notices that all incoming requests in the AWS WAF logs originate from a small number of IP addresses that correspond to CloudFront edge locations. The security engineer must identify the source IP addresses of the clients that are initiating the suspicious requests.
Which solution will meet this requirement?
Answer: D
Explanation:
When Amazon CloudFront is used in front of an Application Load Balancer, CloudFront becomes the immediate source of incoming requests to the ALB. As a result, AWS WAF logs record the CloudFront edge location IP addresses as the client IPs, not the original viewer IP addresses.
This behavior is explicitly documented in the AWS Certified Security - Specialty Study Guide and the AWS WAF and CloudFront integration documentation.
To preserve the original client IP address, CloudFront automatically adds the X-Forwarded-For HTTP header, which contains the IP address of the originating client followed by any proxy addresses involved in forwarding the request. AWS WAF logs include this header, making it the authoritative source for identifying true client IP addresses when CloudFront is used.
NEW QUESTION # 175
A security engineer is designing a solution that will provide end-to-end encryption between clients and Docker containers running in Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). This solution must also handle volatile traffic patterns. Which solution would have the MOST scalability and LOWEST latency?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Network Load Balancers operate at Layer 4 and are optimized for extreme performance, ultra-low latency, and handling sudden traffic spikes. According to AWS Certified Security - Specialty documentation, using a TCP listener on an NLB allows TLS traffic to pass through directly to backend containers without termination, preserving true end-to-end encryption.
This approach eliminates the overhead of decrypting and re-encrypting traffic at the load balancer, reducing latency and maximizing throughput. NLBs scale automatically to handle volatile traffic patterns and millions of requests per second.
Application Load Balancers operate at Layer 7 and introduce additional latency due to TLS termination and HTTP processing. Route 53 multivalue routing does not provide load balancing at the transport layer and does not ensure encryption handling.
AWS recommends NLB TCP pass-through for high-performance, end-to-end encrypted container workloads.
NEW QUESTION # 176
A company uses SAML federation to grant users access to AWS accounts. A company workload that is in an isolated AWS account runs on immutable infrastructure with no human access to Amazon EC2. The company requires a specialized user known as a break-glass user to have access to the workload AWS account and instances in the case of SAML errors. A recent audit discovered that the company did not create the break- glass user for the AWS account that contains the workload.
The company must create the break-glass user. The company must log any activities of the break-glass user and send the logs to a security team.
Which combination of solutions will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed 100to 150 words of Explanation From AWS Certified Security - Specialty topics:
The break-glass account must work when SAML federation fails, so using another SAML-assumed role does not solve the outage scenario. A local, individual IAM user gives emergency access that can be attributed to a specific administrator. AWS Well-Architected guidance recommends establishing emergency access for cases where the centralized identity provider is unavailable. For EC2 instance access, Systems Manager Session Manager is the safer method because it avoids SSH keys and supports controlled, auditable access to managed instances. CloudTrail, CloudWatch Logs, EventBridge, and SNS provide monitoring and notification of break- glass activity. EC2 key pairs and unrestricted security groups are poor security controls and create unmanaged, hard-to-audit access paths.
NEW QUESTION # 177
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