ISO-14001-Lead-Auditor復習解答例、ISO-14001-Lead-Auditor学習指導

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PECB ISO-14001-Lead-Auditor 認定試験の出題範囲：

トピック	出題範囲
トピック 1	Fundamental audit concepts and principles: This section of the exam assesses the grasp EMS auditors have on core audit principles such as integrity, fair presentation, due professional care, and evidence-based evaluation. It ensures auditors can apply these principles consistently in the audit process.
トピック 2	Managing an ISO 14001 audit program: This section of the exam evaluates the ability of EMS auditors to manage a complete audit program. It includes planning, implementing, monitoring, and continually improving the audit program to align with organizational and compliance goals.
トピック 3	Preparing an ISO 14001 audit: This domain measures the competence of audit consultants in planning and preparing for an ISO 14001 audit. It covers audit objectives, scope, criteria, and developing the audit plan, ensuring readiness for an efficient and objective audit.
トピック 4	Environmental management system requirement:This section evaluates the ability of audit consultants to interpret and apply the specific requirements of ISO 14001. It focuses on understanding the structure of the standard, including context of the organization, leadership, planning, support, operations, and performance evaluation.
トピック 5	Closing an ISO 14001 audit: This domain focuses on the responsibilities of audit consultants during the audit closure process. It includes evaluating findings, preparing audit conclusions, holding closing meetings, and ensuring proper reporting and communication of results.
トピック 6	Conducting an ISO 14001 audit: This part tests the practical skills of EMS auditors in executing the audit, including conducting meetings, collecting audit evidence, interviewing personnel, and documenting findings in accordance with ISO 14001 standards.

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ISO-14001-Lead-Auditor学習指導 & ISO-14001-Lead-Auditorミシュレーション問題

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PECB Certified EMS ISO 14001 Lead Auditor Exam 認定 ISO-14001-Lead-Auditor 試験問題 (Q15-Q20):

質問 # 15
An organisation has the following environmental policy document displayed in the reception area.
" This organisation is committed to providing electric cables to customers ' requirements, in accordance with environmental regulations for their manufacture, use and disposal. The organisation will strive to increase the environmental awareness of its personnel, suppliers, subcontractors and interested parties. Continual environmental EMS improvement is a permanent objective of the organisation. This policy shall be communicated to all employees with the opportunity for them to seek clarification where required. Where required, the policy shall be communicated to all interested parties. " Referring to the above policy statement, select three options for which the organisation is meeting ISO 14001 requirements.

A. The organisation has a commitment to environmental protection.
B. The organisation makes available its environmental policy to interested parties.
C. The organisation uses suppliers committed to environmental sustainability.
D. The organisation is committed to continual improvement.
E. The organisation has a good reputation for recycling its waste.
F. The organisation ' s processes deliver the intended improvement to the environment.
G. The organisation clearly meets all compliance obligations.
H. The organisation satisfies its customers ' environmental requirements.

正解：A、B、D

解説：
In accordance with ISO 14001:2015 Clause 5.2 (Environmental Policy), top management must establish, implement, and maintain an environmental policy that includes specific mandatory commitments and availability requirements.
* Option B (Clause 5.2): Displaying the policy in the reception area and explicitly stating that it " shall be communicated to all interested parties " satisfies the requirement that the environmental policy be made available to interested parties as documented information.
* Option D (Clause 5.2 c): The policy explicitly states that " Continual environmental EMS improvement is a permanent objective of the organisation, " directly meeting the mandatory commitment to continual improvement of the environmental management system to enhance environmental performance.
* Option E (Clause 5.2 b): The policy commits to manufacturing, using, and disposing of electric cables
" in accordance with environmental regulations, " as well as striving to " increase environmental awareness, " fulfilling the required policy commitment to environmental protection and pollution prevention within its defined scope.
Option A is incorrect because displaying a policy document does not provide objective evidence that operational processes actually deliver intended environmental outcomes. Option C is incorrect because stating a commitment to regulations in a policy does not prove actual legal compliance. Options F, G, and H represent speculative operational achievements or reputation claims not established solely by the policy text.
References: ISO 14001:2015 Clause 5.2 (Environmental Policy), Annex A.5.2, and CQI-IRCA ISO 14001 Lead Auditor Curriculum (Evaluating Environmental Policy Statements).

質問 # 16
Considering the requirements of clauses 6.1.2 and 6.1.4 of ISO 14001:2015, put the actions in the correct order to complete a process/task.

正解：

解説：

Explanation:

Determine environmental aspects
Determine environmental impacts
Establish criteria to determine the significance of impacts
Determine which impacts are significant
Determine which aspects are significant
Plan actions to be taken
Determine how to evaluate the effectiveness of the actions taken
According to ISO 14001:2015 clause 6.1.2 (Environmental Aspects), an organization must determine the environmental aspects of its activities, products, and services that it can control and influence, and their associated environmental impacts.
Once identified, the organization shall:
Determine the aspects that can have significant impact on the environment using established criteria for evaluating significance. (Reference: ISO 14001:2015, clause 6.1.2) Then, as per clause 6.1.4 (Planning action), the organization needs to:
Plan actions to address significant environmental aspects, legal requirements, and risks/opportunities.
Determine how to evaluate the effectiveness of these actions to ensure continual improvement.
This logical sequence ensures a structured and risk-based approach to identifying and managing environmental impacts.
Reference: ISO 14001:2015 - Clause 6.1.2 and 6.1.4

質問 # 17
During a Stage 1 audit, the EMS Manager asks that the audit includes coverage of a new storage site on the other side of town that they have taken over since the application was made.
Which two of the following actions should the auditor take?

A. Advise the EMS Manager that the audit scope has been set and the audit will need to proceed as planned.
B. Suggest that the EMS Manager cancels the audit contract and reapplies for the new situation.
C. Advise the EMS Manager that, within the existing scope, the new site can be included without any problem.
D. Inform the auditee that the Stage 2 will be changed to include the new site.
E. Determine whether the EMS Management System covers the new site and, if so, proceed with the audit.
F. Advise the EMS Manager that an extension of the scope is possible but will have to go through established procedures.

正解：E、F

解説：
According to ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 Clause 9.2.2 and 9.3.1:
Scope changes may be accommodated during the certification process, but proper evaluation is required.
The auditor should:
Confirm whether the EMS has been extended to cover the new site (C).
Inform that scope expansion needs to follow formal procedures through the certification body (F).
Simply including the new site without evaluation (A) is incorrect.
The audit plan can be adjusted, but full reassessment (D) is unnecessary unless significant issues arise.
Reference: ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 Clause 9.2.2, 9.3.1; ISO 14001 Lead Auditor Course Guide.

質問 # 18
Which two of the following phrases would apply to "audit criteria"?

A. Management policy
B. Financial objectives
C. ISO 14001 requirements
D. Nonconformity report
E. Audit conclusions
F. Auditor competence

正解：A、C

解説：
According to ISO 19011:2018 Clause 3.3 (Terms and definitions):
Audit criteria are defined as:
"Set of policies, procedures or requirements used as a reference against which objective evidence is compared." ISO 14001 requirements (F) and the organization's own management policy (A) are valid audit criteria.
Nonconformity report (C) and audit conclusions (D) are audit outputs, not criteria.
Financial objectives (B) and auditor competence (E) are not used as audit criteria.
Reference: ISO 19011:2018 Clause 3.3; ISO 14001:2015 Clause 5.2.

質問 # 19
Whistlekleen is a national dry cleaning and laundry organisation with 50 shops. You are conducting an EMS surveillance audit of Head Office and are sampling environmental performance measurement. You find that
80 per cent of failures to meet performance criteria originate from five shops in the same region. Most of these failures relate to the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that exceeded regulations. The Environmental Manager tells you that these are the oldest shops in the organisation. The cleaning equipment needs replacing but the organisation cannot afford it at the moment.
On raising the matter with senior management, you are told that there are plans to replace the equipment in these shops over the next five years.
When reviewing the nonconformity report files, you find that the organisation is facing a legal dispute with the environmental authority over multiple breaches of environmental legislation.
Select the three best options for how this dispute should be handled by the organisation through its EMS.

A. Give an explanation to the authority of what went wrong.
B. Advise the authority that the faulty equipment will be maintained more often.
C. Conduct an internal enquiry to establish who is to blame.
D. Offer to compensate employees for possible health implications.
E. Advise the authority that timely corrective action will be taken.
F. Ask to settle the court case by negotiation with the authority.
G. Investigate changing the cleaning process to use chemicals with lower VOC content.
H. Monitor VOC emissions to ensure compliance with legal requirements.

正解：E、G、H

質問 # 20
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