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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Legal and regulatory considerations | 10-15% | - Legislation affecting requirements definition
|
| Topic 2: Use specifications in procurement and supply | 20-25% | - Advantages and limitations of specification types
|
| Topic 3: Stakeholder management in defining needs | 15-20% | - Identify and classify stakeholders
|
| Topic 4: Market management in procurement and supply | 20-25% | - Analyse market structures and competition
|
| Topic 5: Devise a business case for requirements sourced externally | 20-25% | - Interpret financial budgets for purchase control
|
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NEW QUESTION # 41
A buyer in Housing Authority is considering using performance specification in upcoming social housing project. What should buyer be aware when using this type of specification?
Answer: A
Explanation:
In construction, specifications are written documents that describe the materials and workmanship required for a development. They do not include cost, quantity or drawn information but need to be read alongside other contract documentation such as quantities, schedules and drawings.
Specifications vary considerably depending on the stage to which the design has been developed, ranging from performance (open) specifications that require further design by a contractor or sup-plier, to prescriptive (closed) specifications where the design is already complete when the project is tendered.
Prescriptive specifications give the client more certainty about the end product when they make their final investment decision (i.e. when they appoint the contractor), whereas a performance specification gives the contractor and suppliers more scope to innovate and adopt cost effective methods of work, potentially offering better value for money.
Typically, performance specifications are written on projects that are straight-forward, standard building types, whereas prescriptive specifications are written for more complex buildings, or buildings where the client has requirements that might not be familiar to contractors and where certainty regarding the exact nature of the completed development is more important to the client.
Performance specification has some disadvantages:
- Well-defined performance metrics are needed to ensure that the specified performance will achieve the desired outcome
- Require reliable, practical, economical tests of performance
- Evaluations are subjective and require additional time and effort to complete Therefore, if a performance specification is used, the buying organisation will have to ensure that they are able to define and conduct tests on whether supplier's solution can deliver the desired out-come.
Reference:
- CIPS study guide page 118-121
- Performance specification - Designing Buildings Wiki
- Partnership for Public Procurement (cips.org)
LO 3, AC 3.1
NEW QUESTION # 42
Which of the following are typically reasons why an organisation implements value analysis? Select TWO that apply:
Answer: C
Explanation:
Value analysis is a systematic review of the production, purchasing and product design processes to reduce overall product costs. This can be accomplished through a variety of activities, including the following:
- Designing products to use lower-tolerance parts that are less expensive
- Switching to lower-cost components
- Standardizing parts across product platforms in order to achieve volume discounts
- Altering production processes to minimize the amount of production cycle time, thereby reducing labor costs
- Introducing automation to strip labor costs out of the production process
- Altering product packaging to lower its cost while still protecting the product The process is not a wholesale attack on costs. Costs are only reduced when the result will not im-pact the perceived level of quality experienced by customers, or the level of customer satisfaction.
Reference: CIPS study guide page 160-163
LO 3, AC 3.4
NEW QUESTION # 43
Which of the following are criteria that the ISO 14000 series covers?
1. Life-cycle analysis
2. Continuous improvement
3. Financial information
4. Climate change
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 44
Which of the following are major factors when determining the bargaining power of buyers? Select THREE that apply.
Answer: A,C,E
NEW QUESTION # 45
The buyer ' s database is regarded as a primary data source. Which of the following is also a source of primary data?
Answer: A
Explanation:
In procurement and supply, market management requires the effective use of data. CIPS clearly distinguishes between primary and secondary data sources.
According to the CIPS L4M2 Defining Business Needs Study Guide, Chapter 2 (Understanding markets and market data), primary data is defined as:
"Primary data is data that is collected directly by the organisation for a specific purpose. This includes information obtained through supplier meetings, trade fairs, interviews, questionnaires and direct observation." Evaluation of the options:
* Price lists collected from suppliers' representatives at trade fairs are obtained directly from suppliers for a specific purpose and are therefore primary data.
* Price listings on comparison websites and market exchanges are compiled by third parties and are publicly available, making them secondary data.
* Published economic indices such as the retail price index (RTI) are produced by external organisations and are secondary data.
* Financial and trade press, including professional journals, are secondary sources as they summarise and interpret information for a broad audience.
The correct answer is A, as it represents first#hand data collected directly by the buyer.
CIPS Reference:
CIPS L4M2 Defining Business Needs
Chapter 2: Market management and sources of market information
NEW QUESTION # 46
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