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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Data Center Architecture and Security | 5% | - Security features in data center networks - Traffic protection and segmentation |
| EVPN-VXLAN Signaling | 20% | - MBGP for EVPN - CRB and ERB architectures - MAC learning and symmetric routing - EVPN concepts and route types |
| Data Center Deployment and Management | 20% | - Zero Touch Provisioning (ZTP) - Configuration management and automation - Software upgrades and management |
| Data Center Interconnect | 15% | - Inter-fabric stitching - EVPN-VXLAN based DCI - Layer 2 and Layer 3 interconnect |
| Layer 3 Fabrics | 20% | - Routing protocols in IP fabrics - IP fabric architecture and design - Fabric scaling and high availability |
| VXLAN | 20% | - VXLAN control plane and data plane operation - VXLAN troubleshooting - VXLAN configuration and monitoring |
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NEW QUESTION # 73
You are selling up an EVPN-VXLAN architecture (or your new data center. thisinitial deployment will be less than 50 switches: however, it could scale up to 250 switches over time supporting 1024 VLANs. You are still deciding whether to use symmetric or asymmetric routing.
In this scenario, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
Answer: A,C
Explanation:
* Symmetric vs. Asymmetric Routing in EVPN-VXLAN:
* Symmetric Routing:Traffic enters and exits the VXLAN network through the same VTEP, regardless of the source or destination. This approach simplifies routing decisions, especially in large networks, and is generally more scalable.
* Asymmetric Routing:The routing occurs on the egress VTEP. This method can be simpler to deploy in smaller environments but becomes complex as the network scales, particularly with larger numbers of VNIs and VLANs.
* Correct Statements:
* C. Symmetric routing supports higher scaling numbers:Symmetric routing is preferred in larger EVPN-VXLAN deployments because it centralizes routing decisions, which can be more easily managed and scaled.
* D. Asymmetric routing routes traffic on the egress switch:This is accurate, as asymmetric routing means the routing decision is made at the final hop, i.e., the egress VTEP before the traffic reaches its destination.
* Incorrect Statements:
* A. Symmetric routing needs an extra VLAN with an IRB interface for each L3 VRF instance:This is not accurate. Symmetric routing does not require an extra VLAN per VRF; rather, it uses the same VLAN/VNI across the network, simplifying routing and VLAN management.
* B. Asymmetric routing is easier to monitor because of the transit VNI:Asymmetric routing is not necessarily easier to monitor; in fact, it can add complexity due to the split routing logic between ingress and egress points.
Data Center References:
* The choice between symmetric and asymmetric routing in an EVPN-VXLAN environment depends on network size, complexity, and specific operational requirements. Symmetric routing is generally more scalable and easier to manage in large-scale deployments.
NEW QUESTION # 74
Click the Exhibit button. You are troubleshooting a DCI connection to another data center. The BGP session to the provider is established, but the session to Border-Leaf-2 is not established.
Referring to the exhibit, which configuration change should be made to solve this problem?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The "accept-remote-nexthop" statement allows the router to accept prefixes with a next hop that is not directly connected, which can cause BGP neighbor sessions to fail if not needed or properly supported.
Removing "accept-remote-nexthop" from the OVERLAY group is a common fix to resolve BGP session establishment issues with EVPN neighbors.
NEW QUESTION # 75
You are implementing VXLAN broadcast domains in your data center environment. Which two statements are correct in this scenario? (Choose two.)
Answer: C,D
Explanation:
* VXLAN Overview:
* VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) is a network virtualization technology that encapsulates Layer
2 Ethernet frames into Layer 3 UDP packets for transmission over an IP network. It allows the creation of Layer 2 overlay networks across a Layer 3 infrastructure.
* Understanding VXLAN Components:
* VTEP (VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint):A VTEP is responsible for encapsulating and decapsulating Ethernet frames into and from VXLAN packets.
* VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier):A 24-bit identifier used to distinguish different VXLAN segments, allowing for up to 16 million unique segments.
* Correct Statements:
* C. Layer 2 frames are encapsulated by the source VTEP:This is correct. In a VXLAN deployment, the source VTEP encapsulates the original Layer 2 Ethernet frame into a VXLAN packet before transmitting it over the IP network to the destination VTEP, which then decapsulates it.
* A. A VXLAN packet does not contain a VLAN ID:This is correct. The VXLAN header does not carry the original VLAN ID; instead, it uses the VNI to identify the network segment. The VLAN ID is local to the switch and does not traverse the VXLAN tunnel.
* Incorrect Statements:
* B. The VNI must match the VLAN tag to ensure that the remote VTEP can decapsulate VXLAN packets:This is incorrect. The VNI is independent of the VLAN tag, and the VLAN ID does not need to match the VNI. The VNI is what the remote VTEP uses to identify the correct VXLAN segment.
* D. The VNI is a 16-bit value and can range from 0 through 16,777,215:This is incorrect because the VNI is a 24-bit value, allowing for a range of 0 to 16,777,215.
Data Center References:
* VXLAN technology is critical for modern data centers as it enables scalability and efficient segmentation without the constraints of traditional VLAN limits.
NEW QUESTION # 76
Which parameter is used to associate a received route with a local VPN route table?
Answer: A
Explanation:
route-target community: The route-target community is used to associate a received route with a local VPN route table in an EVPN or MPLS VPN environment. It acts as an import and export policy for routes, ensuring that only the relevant routes are imported into a particular VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding instance) based on the matching route-target.
NEW QUESTION # 77
Exhibit.
You have implemented an EVPN-VXLAN data center. Device served must be able to communicate with device server2.
Referring to the exhibit, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
* Understanding the Exhibit Setup:
* The network diagram shows an EVPN-VXLAN setup, a common design for modern data centers enabling Layer 2 and Layer 3 services over an IP fabric.
* Leaf1 and Leaf2 are the leaf switches connected to Server1 and Server2, respectively, with each server in a different subnet (172.16.1.0/24 and 172.16.2.0/24).
* Spine1 and Spine2 are part of the IP fabric, interconnecting the leaf switches.
* EVPN-VXLAN Basics:
* EVPN (Ethernet VPN) provides Layer 2 and Layer 3 VPN services using MP-BGP.
* VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) encapsulates Layer 2 frames into Layer 3 packets for transmission across an IP network.
* VTEP (VXLAN Tunnel Endpoint) interfaces on leaf devices handle VXLAN encapsulation and decapsulation.
* Integrated Routing and Bridging (IRB):
* IRB interfaces are required on leaf1 and leaf2 (where the endpoints are directly connected) to route between different subnets (in this case, between 172.16.1.0/24 and 172.16.2.0/24).
* The IRB interfaces provide the necessary L3 gateway functions for inter-subnet communication.
* Traffic Flow Analysis:
* Traffic from Server1 (172.16.1.1) destined for Server2 (172.16.2.1) must traverse from leaf1 to leaf2.
* The traffic will be VXLAN encapsulated on leaf1, sent over the IP fabric, and decapsulated on leaf2.
* Since the communication is between different subnets, the IRB interfaces on leaf1 and leaf2 are crucial for routing the traffic correctly.
* Correct Statements:
* C. An IRB Interface must be configured on leaf1 and leaf2:This is necessary to perform the inter-subnet routing for traffic between Server1 and Server2.
* D. Traffic from server1 to server2 will transit the VXLAN tunnel between leaf1 and leaf2:
This describes the correct VXLAN operation where the traffic is encapsulated by leaf1 and decapsulated by leaf2.
Data Center References:
* In EVPN-VXLAN architectures, the leaf switches often handle both Layer 2 switching and Layer 3 routing via IRB interfaces. This allows for efficient routing within the data center fabric without the need to involve the spine switches for every routing decision.
* The described traffic flow aligns with standard EVPN-VXLAN designs, where direct VXLAN tunnels between leaf switches enable seamless and scalable communication across a data center network.
NEW QUESTION # 78
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