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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: File Handling and Exceptions | - Reading and Writing Files - Exception Handling (try, except, finally) - Custom Exceptions |
| Topic 2: Object-Oriented Programming | - Encapsulation - Attributes and Methods - Inheritance - Constructors (__init__) - Classes and Objects |
| Topic 3: Control Structures | - Loops (for, while) - Conditional Statements (if, elif, else) - Nested Conditionals and Loops - Loop Control (break, continue, pass) |
| Topic 4: Functions | - Function Definition and Call - Recursion - Parameters and Arguments - Scope (local and global) - Return Values |
| Topic 5: Testing and Debugging | - Debugging Techniques - Trace Errors - Unit Testing Concepts |
| Topic 6: Python Fundamentals | - Variables and Data Types - Type Conversion - Operators and Expressions - Input/Output Operations |
| Topic 7: Data Structures | - Tuples - Dictionaries - Lists and List Operations - String Manipulation - Sets |
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NEW QUESTION # 40
Which action allows a Python script located in a different folder to be executed in the terminal?
Answer: A
Explanation:
To run a Python script from the terminal, the terminal should be in the correct directory, or the full file path should be provided.
The cd command is commonly used to change directories before running the script.
Example:
cd Documents
python my_script.py
Python's documentation explains that Python can execute a script when the interpreter is called with a filename argument.
Therefore, the correct answer isC. Use the cd command to navigate to the script ' s directory.
NEW QUESTION # 41
Write a complete function calculate_average(grades) that takes a list of grades and returns the average as a float.
For example, calculate_average([85, 92, 78]) should return 85.0.
def calculate_average(grades):
# TODO: Calculate and return the average grade as a float
pass
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: The function receives one parameter named grades, which is a list of numbers.
Step 2: Use sum(grades) to add all the grades together.
Step 3: Use len(grades) to count how many grades are in the list.
Step 4: Divide the total by the number of grades.
Correct code:
def calculate_average(grades):
return sum(grades) / len(grades)
Example:
print(calculate_average([85, 92, 78]))
Output:
85.0
NEW QUESTION # 42
Fix the indexing error in this function that should return the last character of a string.
def get_last_character(text):
return text[len(text)]
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: Python string indexing starts at 0.
Step 2: The last valid index of a string is len(text) - 1, not len(text).
Step 3: Python also allows negative indexing, where -1 means the last character.
Step 4: Replace text[len(text)] with text[-1] .
Correct code:
def get_last_character(text):
return text[-1]
Example:
print(get_last_character( " Python " ))
Output:
n
NEW QUESTION # 43
Complete the function add_item(numeric_list, new_number) that takes a list of numbers and a new number, and returns a new list that appends the new number to the end of the list.
For example, add_item([1, 2, 3], 4) should return [1, 2, 3, 4] .
Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct function uses the list method append() to add new_number to the end of numeric_list.
Correct code:
def add_item(numeric_list, new_number):
numeric_list.append(new_number)
return numeric_list
Example:
add_item([1, 2, 3], 4)
Result:
[1, 2, 3, 4]
Python's data structures documentation explains that list.append(x) adds an item to the end of the list.
Therefore, the correct answer isA.
NEW QUESTION # 44
Write a complete function password_strength(password) that returns " Strong " if the password is at least 8 characters long and contains both letters and numbers, " Weak " otherwise.
For example, password_strength( " abc123def " ) should return " Strong " .
def password_strength(password):
# TODO: Return " Strong " or " Weak " based on password criteria
if len(password) < 8:
return " Weak "
has_letter = False
has_number = False
for char in password:
if char.isalpha():
has_letter = True
elif char.isdigit():
has_number = True
# TODO: Add your return logic here based on has_letter and has_number
pass
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: First, check the password length using len(password).
Step 2: If the password has fewer than 8 characters, return " Weak " immediately.
Step 3: Create two Boolean variables: has_letter and has_number.
Step 4: Loop through each character in the password.
Step 5: Use .isalpha() to check for letters and .isdigit() to check for numbers.
Step 6: If the password contains both at least one letter and at least one number, return " Strong " .
Step 7: Otherwise, return " Weak " .
Correct code:
def password_strength(password):
if len(password) < 8:
return " Weak "
has_letter = False
has_number = False
for char in password:
if char.isalpha():
has_letter = True
elif char.isdigit():
has_number = True
if has_letter and has_number:
return " Strong "
else:
return " Weak "
Example:
print(password_strength( " abc123def " ))
print(password_strength( " abcdefgh " ))
print(password_strength( " 12345678 " ))
Output:
Strong
Weak
Weak
NEW QUESTION # 45
......
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