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ECCouncil 312-50v13 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Section	Weight	Objectives
Topic 1: System Hacking	17%	- System Hacking Methodologies 1. Executing Applications 2. Gaining Access 3. Covering Tracks 4. Hiding Files 5. Escalating Privileges 6. Cracking Passwords - System Hacking Tools and Countermeasures 1. Rootkits 2. Password Recovery Tools 3. Ports and Log Files 4. Covering Tracks Countermeasures 5. Keyloggers and Spyware 6. Steganography
Topic 2: Information Security and Ethical Hacking Overview	6%	- Information Security Overview 1. Understanding Information Security Laws and Standards 2. Proactive Cyber Defense 3. Understanding Information Security Controls 4. Information Security Threats and Attack Vectors 5. Understanding Information Security - Ethical Hacking Overview 1. Security Testing Methodologies 2. What is Ethical Hacking? 3. Need for Ethical Hackers 4. Skills and Mindset of an Ethical Hacker 5. Governance and Compliance
Topic 3: Cryptography and Post-Exploitation	13%	- Post-Exploitation Techniques 1. Reporting and Documentation 2. Lateral Movement and Tunneling 3. Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) 4. Covering Tracks and Maintaining Access 5. Post-Exploitation Concepts - Cryptography Concepts 1. Encryption Algorithms (Symmetric and Asymmetric) 2. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) 3. Hashing and Digital Signatures 4. Encryption Fundamentals 5. Disk Encryption and Cryptanalysis 6. Cryptography Tools 7. Code Signing and Email Encryption 8. Cryptography Countermeasures
Topic 4: Sniffing and Evasion	10%	- Social Engineering 1. Social Engineering Techniques 2. Social Engineering Concepts 3. Insider Threats and Identity Theft 4. Social Engineering Tools and Countermeasures - Network Sniffing 1. STP Attacks and DNS Poisoning 2. MAC Flooding and Switch Port Stealing 3. VLAN Hopping and DHCP Starvation 4. ARP Spoofing 5. Sniffing Tools 6. Sniffing Concepts 7. Sniffing Detection and Countermeasures - Network Evasion 1. Firewalls and Intrusion Detection/Prevention Systems 2. Evasion Techniques 3. IDS/Firewall Evasion Tools 4. Denial of Service Attacks
Topic 5: Reconnaissance Techniques	21%	- Scanning Networks 1. Nmap and Zenmap 2. Network Scanning Concepts 3. Port Scanning Techniques 4. Scanning Tools 5. Detecting Live Systems 6. Scanning Countermeasures 7. Drawing Network Diagrams 8. Hping2 and Hping3 9. Proxy Servers and Anonymizers 10. NIDS, NIPS, and Firewall Evasion Techniques 11. Banner Grabbing 12. Masscan 13. Scan for Vulnerabilities - Footprinting and Reconnaissance 1. Network Footprinting 2. Competitive Intelligence Gathering 3. Website Footprinting 4. Footprinting through Web Services 5. Footprinting Countermeasures 6. AWS Cloud Footprinting 7. Footprinting through Search Engines 8. DNS Footprinting 9. Email Footprinting 10. Footprinting through Social Networking Sites 11. Footprinting Tools
Topic 6: Malware Threats	8%	- Malware Analysis and Distribution 1. Malware Countermeasures 2. Malware Analysis Techniques 3. Malware Detection Methods - Malware and Its Types 1. APT Concepts 2. Types of Malware 3. APT and Futuristic Malware 4. Malware Fundamentals
Topic 7: Wireless Network Attacks	9%	- Wireless Network Concepts 1. Wireless Encryption and Security 2. Wireless Network Topology and Threats 3. Wireless Terminology and Standards - Wireless Hacking Methodology 1. Wireless Sniffing and Wardriving 2. Cracking WPA/WPA2 and WEP Encryption 3. Bluetooth and RFID Attacks 4. Wireless Network Hacking Tools 5. Wireless Network Countermeasures
Topic 8: Mobile Platform and IoT Attacks	7%	- IoT and OT Attacks 1. IoT Hacking Methodology 2. IoT Vulnerabilities and Threats 3. IoT Attack Tools and Countermeasures 4. OT Concepts and Attacks 5. IoT Concepts and Architecture - Mobile Platform Attack Vectors 1. Mobile Attack Techniques 2. Mobile Platform Overview 3. Mobile Malware and Mobile Spyware 4. Mobile Attack Surfaces and Vulnerabilities 5. Mobile Security Tools and Countermeasures 6. Mobile Device Management (MDM)
Topic 9: Web Application Attacks	19%	- Hacking Web Servers and Web Applications 1. Web Server Attack Methodology 2. Web Server Attacks 3. Web Server and Web Application Countermeasures - Web Application Concepts and Attacks 1. Injection Attacks 2. Web Application Architecture 3. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and Request Forgery 4. Web Application Password Cracking and Clickjacking 5. Authentication and Session Management Attacks 6. OWASP Top 10 Vulnerabilities 7. Web Application Scanning and Testing Tools 8. Web Application Countermeasures
Topic 10: Enumeration	15%	- Enumeration Concepts 1. Enumeration Techniques 2. Enumeration Fundamentals - Enumeration Process 1. NetBIOS Enumeration 2. RPC and NFS Enumeration 3. Mail Server Enumeration 4. Enumeration Countermeasures 5. NTP Enumeration 6. LDAP Enumeration 7. SMB and SAMBA Enumeration 8. SNMP Enumeration 9. VoIP Enumeration
Topic 11: Vulnerability Analysis	7%	- Vulnerability Assessment Concepts 1. Vulnerability Assessment Tools and Software 2. Vulnerability Assessment Solutions 3. Vulnerability Scoring Systems
Topic 12: Cloud and Container Attacks	10%	- Cloud Computing Concepts 1. Cloud Architecture and Deployment Models 2. Serverless Architecture 3. Container Technology 4. Cloud Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS) - Cloud Attacks and Security 1. Container Security Tools and Countermeasures 2. Cloud Penetration Testing 3. Cloud Security Tools and Best Practices 4. Cloud Security Threats and Attacks

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ECCouncil Certified Ethical Hacker Exam (CEH v13 AI) Sample Questions (Q708-Q713):

NEW QUESTION # 708
Which advanced session hijacking technique is the most difficult to detect and mitigate?

A. Credential stuffing
B. Clickjacking
C. CSRF
D. Session replay attack

Answer: D

Explanation:
Session Replay Attacks are highlighted in CEH v13 Web Application Hacking as one of the most sophisticated and difficult-to-detect session hijacking techniques. In this attack, adversaries capture valid session tokens or encrypted session identifiers and replay them to impersonate legitimate users.
Unlike credential stuffing, which relies on login attempts and can be detected through authentication anomalies, session replay occurs after authentication, using legitimate session artifacts. Clickjacking and CSRF manipulate user interactions but do not directly hijack session tokens.
CEH v13 explains that session replay attacks are especially dangerous in environments where session tokens are predictable, long-lived, or improperly bound to client attributes such as IP address or device fingerprint.
Because the attacker reuses valid session data, traditional detection mechanisms often fail.
The replayed session appears legitimate to the server, making fraud detection extremely difficult without advanced behavioral analytics. This makes session replay attacks particularly effective in online retail environments where transactions are frequent and time-sensitive.
Thus, Option D correctly identifies the most challenging attack.

NEW QUESTION # 709
You are a security analyst at Sentinel IT Services, monitoring the web application of GreenValley Credit Union in Portland, Oregon. During a log analysis, you identify an SQL injection attempt on the customer login portal, where the attacker inputs a malicious string to manipulate the query logic. The application mitigates this by replacing special characters with their escaped equivalents to prevent query manipulation before the query is executed, ensuring the SQL statement remains unchanged. Based on the observed defense mechanism, which SQL injection countermeasure is the application employing?

A. Perform user input validation
B. Encoding the single quote
C. Restrict database access
D. Use parameterized queries or prepared statements

Answer: B

Explanation:
The application replaces special characters like single quotes with escaped equivalents before executing the query. This prevents alteration of SQL syntax and maintains the intended query structure, which is characteristic of encoding or escaping single quotes as a defense against SQL injection.

NEW QUESTION # 710
Let's imagine three companies (A, B and C), all competing in a challenging global environment. Company A and B are working together in developing a product that will generate a major competitive advantage for them. Company A has a secure DNS server while company B has a DNS server vulnerable to spoofing. With a spoofing attack on the DNS server of company B, company C gains access to outgoing e-mails from company B. How do you prevent DNS spoofing?

A. Install DNS logger and track vulnerable packets
B. Install DNS Anti-spoofing
C. Disable DNS Zone Transfer
D. Disable DNS timeouts

Answer: B

NEW QUESTION # 711
Andrew is an Ethical Hacker who was assigned the task of discovering all the active devices hidden by a restrictive firewall in the IPv4 range in a given target network. Which of the following host discovery techniques must he use to perform the given task?

A. TCP Maimon scan
B. ACK flag probe scan
C. ARP ping scan
D. UDP scan

Answer: B

NEW QUESTION # 712
A security analyst conducting an authorized assessment of an online procurement platform used by manufacturing firms in Columbus, Ohio, reviews how the application processes parameters supplied through HTTP requests. While testing a product lookup parameter, he intentionally inserts special characters such as single quotes and semicolons into the input field to observe how the system responds.
In several cases, the application returns error messages containing references to specific database drivers and providers. By examining these responses, he identifies clues about the underlying platform responsible for the application ' s backend processing. The analyst uses this information to better understand the environment before attempting further testing.
Determine the information-gathering technique demonstrated in this scenario.

A. Parameter Tampering
B. Type Mismatch
C. Determining Database Engine Type
D. Grouping Error

Answer: C

Explanation:
Determining Database Engine Type is correct because the analyst deliberately supplies database-sensitive characters and studies resulting error responses for DBMS-specific identifiers. During SQL injection reconnaissance, backend error messages can disclose database drivers, providers, SQL syntax, function names, or implementation-specific wording associated with engines such as Microsoft SQL Server, MySQL, PostgreSQL, or Oracle. Identifying the DBMS helps a tester select compatible syntax and later testing techniques. Parameter tampering refers more generally to changing request parameters to alter application behavior. Type mismatch and grouping errors are specific error-generation techniques, but the objective described here is broader: identifying the underlying database technology from those responses. CEH SQL Injection methodology emphasizes gathering information about the database before undertaking deeper enumeration or exploitation.

NEW QUESTION # 713
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