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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Data Quality Improvement | 20% | - Data cleansing and standardization - Root cause analysis - Monitoring and continuous improvement |
| Data Quality Concepts and Principles | 15% | - Data quality dimensions - Data quality in DMBOK framework - Definition and importance of data quality |
| Tools, Techniques and Implementation | 20% | - Business value and ROI - Data quality tools and technologies - Data quality in lifecycle management |
| Data Quality Strategy and Governance | 20% | - Roles and responsibilities - Data quality strategy and policy - Integration with data governance |
| Data Quality Assessment and Profiling | 25% | - Data profiling techniques - Assessment methods and tools - Defining quality rules and metrics |
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質問 # 103
A Data Quality process has remained within statistical control limits for six months, but management wants the average defect rate reduced further. What is the most appropriate conclusion?
正解:D
解説:
A process can be statistically stable yet still perform at an unacceptable quality level. Statistical control means that variation is predictable within the established process; it does not mean that the average level of defects satisfies business expectations.
For example, a process may consistently produce a 3% defect rate with very little month-to-month variation.
If the business requirement is below 0.5%, the process is stable but incapable of meeting the desired quality level without improvement.
The appropriate response is therefore deliberate process improvement aimed at changing the underlying process and reducing its baseline defect rate. This differs from reacting to random individual observations within normal control limits.
After improvement, new performance data should be collected and control parameters reevaluated once the revised process reaches a stable state.
DAMA's revised Chapter 13 explicitly maps Shewhart and Deming improvement-cycle stages to Data Quality processes and preserves Statistical Process Control as supporting material.
The central principle is that control and capability are different questions: control asks whether the process is stable; business quality requirements determine whether that stable performance is good enough.
Reference Topics: DAMA-DMBOK2 Chapter 13 - Statistical Process Control; Process Stability; Continuous Improvement; Shewhart/Deming Cycle; Thresholds.
質問 # 104
A goal of reference and master data management is for data to ensure shared data is:
正解:B
解説:
DAMA-DMBOK2 explicitly identifies a core goal of Reference and Master Data Management as ensuring that shared Master and Reference Data is complete, consistent, current, and authoritative across organizational processes.
Complete means required shared entities and attributes are sufficiently populated for their intended use.
Consistent means equivalent data has compatible meaning and representation wherever it is consumed.
Current means the information reflects an acceptably recent state. Authoritative means the organization recognizes a trusted source or governed process for determining the accepted value.
These characteristics are particularly important because Master and Reference Data is reused widely. An incorrect Product classification, Customer identifier, Country code, or Supplier status can therefore propagate defects across many systems and business processes.
DAMA also emphasizes that shared Master and Reference Data belongs to the organization rather than to a single application or department. This creates a strong requirement for enterprise stewardship and governance.
Reference and Master Data Management consequently interacts directly with Chapter 13. MDM can consolidate and distribute shared data, but it does not guarantee quality automatically. Matching, survivorship, validation, standardization, stewardship, and continuous monitoring are required to ensure the resulting records remain trustworthy.
Reference Topics: DAMA-DMBOK2 Chapter 10 - Reference and Master Data Management Goals; Shared Data; Authoritative Sources; Stewardship; Chapter 13 - Completeness, Consistency and Currency.
質問 # 105
During initial profiling of a Country_Code attribute, the analyst wants to identify unexpected values such as
"UKK", "ENG", and blanks. Which profiling output is most useful?
正解:D
解説:
A frequency distribution is the most useful profiling output because it shows each distinct value and how often it occurs. For a controlled attribute such as Country_Code, this quickly reveals unexpected values, misspellings, blanks, obsolete codes, and disproportionately common defaults.
Data profiling is an analytical process used to examine actual data populations and determine their structure, content, patterns, distributions, and potential defects. Frequency analysis is particularly valuable for categorical attributes because it provides evidence about the real values present rather than relying only on declared metadata.
The result can be compared with an authoritative Reference Data domain. Values outside the approved code set become validity exceptions, while unusual frequencies may indicate mapping defects or default-value problems.
This is also where Metadata Management and Reference Data Management interact strongly with Data Quality. Metadata identifies the expected definition and domain; Reference Data provides the authorized codes; profiling determines whether operational values actually conform.
A data model can show that Country_Code exists and perhaps its datatype, but it does not reveal the actual value distribution currently stored in production.
Reference Topics: DAMA-DMBOK2 Chapter 13 - Data Profiling; Frequency Analysis; Validity; Reference Data; Metadata Management.
質問 # 106
A search engine database is populated by a web crawler or spider software that usually processes as:
正解:B
解説:
Web-scale search-engine repositories commonly operate according to BASE: Basically Available, Soft State, Eventually Consistent. BASE is associated with distributed and many NoSQL data architectures where availability, horizontal scalability, and tolerance of distributed processing are prioritized over the immediate transactional consistency expected from traditional ACID systems.
A web crawler collects and indexes content continuously across very large distributed environments. Different nodes or indexes may temporarily contain slightly different versions of information while updates propagate.
The design is acceptable because the system is expected to converge toward consistency rather than guarantee that every replica reflects the identical state at every instant. DAMA-aligned material explicitly contrasts BASE with traditional ACID approaches for large-scale distributed data processing.
ACID-Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability-is generally associated with transaction-oriented relational systems where individual transactions require strict integrity guarantees. Search indexing has different workload characteristics and can tolerate temporary inconsistency.
The Data Quality implication is that "consistency" must be evaluated according to architectural context.
Temporary divergence can be expected behavior in an eventually consistent platform rather than evidence of a defect, provided convergence occurs within acceptable business thresholds.
Reference Topics: DAMA-DMBOK2 - Data Storage and Operations; Distributed Databases; NoSQL; ACID versus BASE; Availability; Consistency.
質問 # 107
The process of translating plain text into complex codes to hide privileged information is:
正解:E
解説:
The process is Encryption. DAMA-DMBOK2 defines encryption as converting readable plaintext into coded information so that privileged or sensitive content cannot be understood without the appropriate decryption mechanism. The DMBOK2 security section specifically describes encryption as translating plain text into complex codes to hide privileged information and also notes its use in protecting transmission integrity and validating identity.
Encryption supports confidentiality both at rest and in transit. Depending on implementation, organizations may use symmetric encryption, asymmetric or public-key encryption, hashing for particular integrity or authentication functions, and other cryptographic mechanisms.
The crucial distinction is that encryption deliberately changes the representation of information according to a cryptographic algorithm and key structure. Encapsulation, enhancement, elimination, and exaggeration are not substitutes for cryptographic protection.
Within the wider DAMA framework, encryption should be applied according to classification and risk.
Highly sensitive information may require stronger cryptographic controls, restricted key management, rotation procedures, and separation of duties.
Data Quality and Data Security intersect at integrity: unauthorized changes may produce inaccurate data even when availability remains unaffected. Security controls therefore protect not merely secrecy but the reliability and trustworthiness of managed information.
Reference Topics: DAMA-DMBOK2 Chapter 7 - Encryption; Confidentiality; Data Integrity; Cryptographic Controls; Security Classification.
質問 # 108
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