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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Test Automation Architecture Design | - Maintainability and scalability design - Architecture patterns for automation solutions |
| Topic 2: Test Automation in the Software Lifecycle | - Automation strategy within development processes - CI/CD integration considerations |
| Topic 3: Test Automation Development | - Framework implementation - Test script design and coding standards |
| Topic 4: Test Automation Metrics and Risk Management | - Measurement and reporting of automation effectiveness - Risk analysis for automation projects |
| Topic 5: Deployment and Maintenance | - Execution environments and tool integration - Maintenance and evolution of automation assets |
| Topic 6: System Under Test (SUT) Analysis | - SUT interfaces and dependencies - Testability and automation feasibility |
| Topic 7: Introduction to Test Automation Engineering | - Success factors for automation - Purpose and scope of test automation |
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NEW QUESTION # 20
You are using a gTAA to create a TAS for a project. The TAS is aimed at automatically and executing test cases based on a use-case Modeling approaching that uses UML as a modeling language. All the interaction between TAS and SUT will only be at the API and GUI level.
Which of the following components of the gTAA would you EXCLUDE from the TAS?
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 21
Assume that you are the TAE responsible for the correct functioning of a TAS, deployed in a test environment that consists of a few machines running the same version of the operating system. The TAS has been working and stable since its deployment, it has been used to run an automated test suite consisting of many similar automated test. The infrastructure team is planning to update the operating system on these machines by installing a new the service pack for security reasons. Since the vendor of the operating system assurance full backward compatibility, the infrastructure team assurance that there will be no impacts on the functioning of the TAS.
What is the BEST approach to confirm the correct functioning of the TAS in this scenario?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 22
An automated test case that should always pass sometimes passes and sometimes fails intermittently (non- deterministic behavior) when executed in the same test environment, even if no code (i.e., SUT code or the test automation code) has been changed. Which of the following statements about the root cause of this non- deterministic behavior is TRUE?
Answer: B
Explanation:
TAE treats non-deterministic (flaky) test behavior as a symptom that can originate from multiple sources:
timing and synchronization issues, race conditions, concurrency, environmental variability (resource contention, network latency), unstable test data, third-party dependencies, or hidden state leakage between tests. Because these causes often span boundaries-application code, infrastructure, deployment configuration, test tooling, and data pipelines-finding the true root cause frequently requires collaboration beyond the TAE role. Developers may need to inspect application logs, thread behavior, and recent architectural assumptions; system engineers may need to analyze resource saturation, container orchestration events, network anomalies, or environment drift. Option A is too specific and assertive: the root cause is not necessarily a race condition, and logs may not be sufficient to identify it. Option C is incorrect because no code change does not imply the environment is the only cause; flaky behavior can stem from hidden nondeterminism in the system or tests that is always present but only sometimes triggers. Option D is also incorrect; intermittent failures are often harder to diagnose than consistent deterministic failures because evidence is less reproducible. Therefore, the true statement is that determining the root cause may require support from developers and system engineers in addition to the TAE.
NEW QUESTION # 23
In a first possible implementation, the automated test scripts within a suite locate and interact with elements of a web UI indirectly through the browsers using browser-specific drivers and APIs, provided by an automated test tool used as part of the TAS. In an alternative implementation, these test scripts locate and interact with elements of the same web UI directly at the HTML level by accessing the DOM (Document Object Model) and internal JavaScript code. The first possible implementation:
Answer: C
Explanation:
TAE describes "intrusiveness" as the degree to which automation reaches into internal implementation details of the SUT rather than interacting through externally visible, user-realistic interfaces. Using browser drivers and browser automation APIs exercises the UI similarly to a real user (via the browser's supported automation hooks), which is generally less intrusive than directly manipulating the DOM and internal JavaScript. Direct DOM/JS access can bypass real user interaction pathways, skip browser event chains, and depend on internal structures that are not part of the stable external contract. This increases the risk of false positives: tests may
"pass" by forcing UI states or reading internal values even when the application would not behave correctly for real users. Less intrusive automation (through browser-level drivers) tends to provide higher confidence that observed behavior reflects real user experience, reducing the chance that tests succeed while user-visible behavior is broken. TAE therefore associates lower intrusion with stronger validity of results and lower false- positive risk, especially for system/UI-level validation. While browser-driven automation can still be flaky for other reasons (timing, environment), in the specific comparison of interaction method, browser-driver-based execution is the less intrusive option and is less likely to create false positives than direct internal DOM/JS manipulation.
NEW QUESTION # 24
(In User Acceptance Testing (UAT) for a new SUT, in addition to the manual tests performed by the end- users, automated tests are performed that focus on the execution of repetitive and routine test scenarios. In which of the following environments are all these tests typically performed?)
Answer: B
Explanation:
TAE distinguishes test environments by purpose and risk. User Acceptance Testing is typically performed in an environment that is as production-like as feasible (configuration, data shape, integrations) but still controlled and safe for testing activities. This is commonly referred to aspreproduction(often "staging"): it supports realistic end-to-end flows, allows business users to validate that the SUT meets acceptance criteria, and enables running routine/repetitive automated checks without risking live operations. A build environment is focused on compiling/packaging and basic verification, not business acceptance. An integration environment is used to validate interactions among components/systems, but may not reflect full production- like configuration, and it's often shared and volatile-less suitable for formal acceptance activities involving end users. Production is generally avoided for UAT because acceptance testing can alter live data, disrupt users, and introduce unacceptable business risk; production testing is typically limited to tightly controlled smoke checks, monitoring, or specific "in-production" validation patterns with strong safeguards. Therefore, the environment in which both end-user manual UAT and supporting automated routine scenarios are typically executed is thepreproduction environment, aligning with TAE's guidance on balancing realism with risk containment.
NEW QUESTION # 25
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