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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Functions and Modular Programming | 20% | - Defining and calling functions - Variable scope and code reuse - Parameters, arguments, and return values |
| Topic 2: Variables, Data Types, and Basic Operations | 20% | - Variables and assignment - Data types: integers, floats, strings, booleans - Arithmetic operations and type conversion |
| Topic 3: Data Structures and Input/Output | 20% | - User input and output operations - Lists, tuples, dictionaries, sets - Basic file handling |
| Topic 4: Loops and Iteration | 20% | - Break, continue, and pass statements - Iterating over sequences - For loops and while loops |
| Topic 5: Control Flow and Decision Making | 20% | - Comparisons and logical operators - If, elif, else statements - Conditional expressions |
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NEW QUESTION # 11
What determines which lines of code are executed when the condition is true in a Python if statement?
Answer: B
Explanation:
In Python, indentation determines which statements belong to an if block.
Example:
temperature = 30
if temperature > 25:
print( " It is warm. " )
print( " Drink water. " )
Both print() statements are executed when the condition is true because they share the same indentation level under the if statement.
Python does not use parentheses, semicolons, or square brackets to define the body of an if statement. It uses indentation.
Therefore, the correct answer isB. Lines that share the same indentation level.
NEW QUESTION # 12
What must be consistent within a Python code block for the code to run without syntax errors?
Answer: D
Explanation:
In Python, indentation is used to group statements into a code block. A block must have a consistent indentation level so Python can correctly understand which statements belong together.
For example:
if True:
print( " Hello " )
print( " World " )
Both print() statements belong to the same if block because they use the same indentation level.
If indentation is inconsistent, Python can raise an IndentationError or TabError.
Therefore, the correct answer isB. Indentation level.
NEW QUESTION # 13
Complete the function update_grade(grades, student, new_grade) that takes a grades dictionary, a student name, and a new grade, then updates that student ' s grade and returns the dictionary.
For example, update_grade({ " Alice " : 85, " Bob " : 90}, " Alice " , 95) should return { " Alice " : 95, " Bob
" : 90}.
Answer: C
Explanation:
A dictionary stores data as key-value pairs. In this function, the student name is the key, and the grade is the value.
Correct code:
def update_grade(grades, student, new_grade):
grades[student] = new_grade
return grades
Example:
update_grade({ " Alice " : 85, " Bob " : 90}, " Alice " , 95)
Result:
{ " Alice " : 95, " Bob " : 90}
Python's built-in types documentation includes dictionaries as mapping types, where values are accessed and updated using keys.
Therefore, the correct answer isA.
NEW QUESTION # 14
How can the first four characters be extracted from the string ' computer ' ?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Python strings are sequences, and sequence values can be accessed using indexing and slicing.
The first character in a Python string has index 0. To extract the first four characters from ' computer ' , the slice should start at index 0 and stop at index 4.
Example:
' computer ' [0:4]
Result:
' comp '
In Python slicing, the start index is included, but the stop index is excluded. So [0:4] includes characters at indexes 0, 1, 2, and 3.
The official Python documentation explains that slicing with a[start:stop] selects items from the start index up to, but not including, the stop index.
Therefore, the correct answer is A. ' computer ' [0:4].
NEW QUESTION # 15
Write a complete function calculate_average(grades) that takes a list of grades and returns the average as a float.
For example, calculate_average([85, 92, 78]) should return 85.0.
def calculate_average(grades):
# TODO: Calculate and return the average grade as a float
pass
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Step by Step Solution below in Explanation.
Explanation:
Step 1: The function receives one parameter named grades, which is a list of numbers.
Step 2: Use sum(grades) to add all the grades together.
Step 3: Use len(grades) to count how many grades are in the list.
Step 4: Divide the total by the number of grades.
Correct code:
def calculate_average(grades):
return sum(grades) / len(grades)
Example:
print(calculate_average([85, 92, 78]))
Output:
85.0
NEW QUESTION # 16
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