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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Mass Timber Materials | - CLT, Glulam, NLT, SCL and Engineered Wood Products |
| Inspection Duties & Documentation | - Statement of Special Inspections - Inspection Reporting and Compliance Verification |
| General & Construction Types | - Construction Classification — Type IV-A, IV-B, IV-C
|
| Construction Fire Safety | |
| Fire-Resistance & Protection | - Noncombustible Protection & Encapsulation - Fire-Resistance-Rated Assemblies - Concealed Spaces Protection |
| Structural & Connection Inspection | - Connection Design and Protection - Framing and Structural Elements |
>> 93-Tall-Mass-Timber-Buildings題庫最新資訊 <<
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問題 #22
The building owner shall be responsible for each of the following for fire safety during construction except:
答案：D
解題說明：
Option C is not an IFC requirement. The 2021 IFC requires inspection records to be maintained on-site, but it does not require those records to be secured in a fire- and water-resistant safe.
Section 3303.2 requires the owner to designate a site safety director. Section 3303.3 then makes that director responsible for completing a daily fire safety inspection of the project site. Every day, building and outdoor construction areas must be evaluated against the prescribed fire-safety inspection items.
The results of each inspection must be documented and retained on-site until a certificate of occupancy has been issued . The records must also be immediately available at the site for presentation to the fire code official upon request. Options A, B, and D therefore accurately reflect the code requirements.
The daily inspection program covers practical hazards such as hot work, temporary heating, combustible debris, temporary electrical wiring, hazardous-material storage, fire apparatus access, hydrants, fire department connections, standpipe availability, and portable extinguishers.
For tall mass timber projects, this documentation is particularly important because substantial combustible construction may be present before permanent fire protection systems are complete.
References/Topics: 2021 IFC Sections 3303.2 and 3303.3; site safety director; daily fire-safety inspection and documentation.
問題 #23
Refer to the exhibit by clicking on the EXHIBIT button above.
If the glulam beam and CLT panels all require a fire-resistance rating of 2 hours, what is the required fire- resistance rating in hours for the structural connections between the glulam and CLT?
答案：D
解題說明：
The structural connections must maintain a fire-resistance rating corresponding to the required rating of the structural elements they connect. Because both the glulam beam and CLT panels require a two-hour fire- resistance rating, their connections must also provide two hours of fire resistance. Therefore, option C is correct.
Concealing steel hardware inside a timber member does not eliminate the fire-resistance requirement. Steel rapidly conducts heat and can lose strength, while timber surrounding a concealed connector can char, split, or withdraw from fasteners. The connection must consequently be protected through sufficient wood cover, noncombustible protection, tested assemblies, or an approved engineering analysis demonstrating acceptable connection temperatures and capacity for the entire required duration.
A three-hour rating is not required merely as a generalized safety factor; the code requires correspondence with the connected elements unless the approved design establishes another condition. A one-hour connection would create a premature weak point in the load path, and a zero-hour rating would be unacceptable simply because the hardware is hidden.
References/Topics: 2021 IBC Section 2304.10.1; fire-resistance rating of mass timber connections; protected concealed steel hardware.
問題 #24
Both surfaces of a two-hour-rated mass timber wall that serves as a required separation between a Group R and Group I-2 occupancy in a Type IV-C building must be protected by at least which of the following?
答案：C
解題說明：
The minimum additional protection is 1/2-inch gypsum board or an approved equivalent thermal barrier
, making option C correct.
The wall in the question functions as an occupancy separation. Under IBC Section 508.4.4.1, mass timber elements serving as fire barriers or horizontal assemblies separating occupancies in Type IV-B or IV-C construction must be separated from the building interior by an approved thermal barrier consisting of gypsum board at least 1/2 inch thick , or a material satisfying both applicable NFPA 275 thermal-barrier tests.
Because the wall separates two interior occupancies, each face is exposed to interior space; consequently, the thermal-barrier requirement applies to both surfaces .
This requirement must not be confused with the wall ' s two-hour fire-resistance rating. The underlying mass timber wall must independently satisfy the required two-hour assembly performance. The 1/2-inch gypsum protection is an additional thermal-barrier condition imposed because the rated separation is constructed of mass timber in Type IV-C.
Option D would provide substantially more gypsum protection than the specific occupancy-separation provision requires.
References/Topics: 2021 IBC Sections 508.4.4 and 508.4.4.1; Type IV-B/IV-C mass timber occupancy separations; approved thermal barriers; NFPA 275.
問題 #25
Based on the definition of cross-laminated timber (CLT), panels are manufactured as follows:
答案：C
解題說明：
The 2021 IBC definition of cross-laminated timber describes a prefabricated engineered wood product consisting of not less than three layers of solid-sawn lumber or structural composite lumber. The adjacent layers are cross oriented and bonded with structural adhesive to form a solid wood element. Accordingly, option C is correct.
Cross orientation means that the principal grain direction of one layer is arranged approximately perpendicular to that of the adjoining layer. This configuration distinguishes CLT from products in which all laminations run parallel, such as conventional glued-laminated timber. The cross-oriented layup provides two- way panel behavior, dimensional stability, and structural capacity in both principal directions.
Option A is incorrect because CLT must contain at least three layers. Option B describes a mechanically laminated product rather than structural glued CLT; nail-laminated timber uses mechanical fasteners, whereas code-compliant CLT uses structural adhesives and must conform to the applicable manufacturing standard.
Option D eliminates the defining cross-lamination characteristic and would instead describe a parallel- laminated product.
During inspection, the product label and certification documentation should be checked to confirm the panel was manufactured under the required quality-assurance program.
References/Topics: 2021 IBC Chapter 2 definition of "Cross-Laminated Timber"; Sections 602.4 and
2303.1.4; ANSI/APA PRG 320.
問題 #26
Fire-resistance ratings of members and assemblies can be established by all of the following except:
答案：A
解題說明：
ASTM E84 cannot be used to establish the hourly fire-resistance rating of a structural member or assembly.
Therefore, option B is correct.
ASTM E84 evaluates surface-burning characteristics , principally flame-spread and smoke-developed indices. Those measurements characterize how a material ' s exposed surface behaves when subjected to the standard tunnel test. They do not demonstrate that a wall, floor, roof, beam, column, or structural assembly will maintain integrity and structural performance for one, two, or three hours.
Fire-resistance ratings are instead established through the methods recognized by the IBC, including standard fire testing-principally ASTM E119 or UL 263-prescriptive rated construction provided by Section 721, and calculated fire-resistance procedures under Section 722. The code also recognizes appropriately documented approved designs and other approved methods within the Section 703 framework.
This distinction is particularly important in mass timber work because ASTM E84 may appear elsewhere in the code for flame-spread limitations on materials, but an acceptable E84 result does not establish structural fire endurance.
The special inspector must determine which approved fire-resistance methodology applies and verify that the installed assembly precisely reflects that design.
References/Topics: 2021 IBC Sections 703, 721 and 722; ASTM E119; UL 263; distinction between fire resistance and ASTM E84 surface-burning testing.
問題 #27
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