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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Advanced Routing and Switching Technologies | 37% | - Advanced Routing Protocols
|
| Topic 2: Network Automation Technologies and Practice | 17% | - Automation Foundation
|
| Topic 3: Bearer WAN Planning and Deployment | 15% | - High-level Technology Deployment
|
| Topic 4: WAN Interconnection Network Planning and Deployment | 8% | - WAN Interconnection Technologies
|
| Topic 5: Campus Network Planning and Deployment | 23% | - Campus Network Service Deployment
|
>> Technical H12-891_V1.0 Training <<
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NEW QUESTION # 158
The following information is displayed during OSPF troubleshooting. Based on this information, which of the following is the cause of the failure in establishing an OSPF adjacency relationship?
< Huawei > display ospf error interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.12.2
OSPF error statistics
Interface: GigabitEthernet0/0/0 (10.0.12.2)
General packet errors:
0 : Bad version 0 : Bad checksum
0 : Bad area id 0 : Bad authentication type
0 : Bad authentication key 0 : Unknown neighbor
0 : Bad net segment 0 : Extern option mismatch
0 : Router id confusion
HELLO packet errors:
2 : Netmask mismatch 0 : Hello timer mismatch
0 : Dead timer mismatch 0 : Invalid Source Address
Answer: A
Explanation:
According to the displayed OSPF error statistics from the Huawei device, the key HELLO packet error shown is:
yaml
CopyEdit
2 : Netmask mismatch
This indicates that the OSPF adjacency formation is failing due to a subnet mask mismatch between the two OSPF neighbors on the corresponding interface (GigabitEthernet 0/0/0). OSPF uses the subnet mask in Hello packets to ensure that neighbors are in the same network. If the masks do not match, OSPF will not form an adjacency.
From the Huawei Official HCIE-Datacom Study Guide (Version 3.0) - under the OSPF Troubleshooting Section:
" Netmask mismatch: If the subnet mask configured on the interfaces of OSPF neighbors does not match, a ' Netmask mismatch ' error occurs. OSPF requires neighbors to be on the same subnet to establish an adjacency. This is a common reason for failure in adjacency formation. " (Reference: Huawei HCIE-Datacom V3.0, OSPF Troubleshooting Chapter, Section 4.2 - OSPF Hello and Adjacency Establishment Issues) Thus, among the given options:
A). Area type inconsistency would result in an area ID mismatch error, not netmask.
B). Authentication mismatch would show a bad authentication key or type error.
D). Hello interval mismatches would trigger a Hello timer mismatch error.
Only C. The IP address masks of the interfaces are inconsistent directly matches the actual error observed:
Netmask mismatch.
NEW QUESTION # 159
Which of the following statements regarding OSPF neighbor relationship faults is incorrect?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Understanding OSPF Neighbor States
OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) establishes neighbor relationships through several states:
1️⃣ Down: No Hello packets received.
2️⃣ Init: Router receives Hello packets but its own Router ID is missing in the received packets.
3️⃣ 2-Way: Routers see each other in Hello packets. (Stable state for non-DR/non-BDR routers).
4️⃣ ExStart: Routers start exchanging LSAs but may face MTU mismatches.
5️⃣ Exchange: Routers send Database Description (DBD) packets to synchronize link-state databases.
6️⃣ Loading: Routers exchange Link-State Requests (LSRs) & Updates (LSUs) to fully sync.
7️⃣ Full: Routers are fully synchronized.
Analysis of the Answer Choices
✅ A. For non-DR and non-BDR routers on an Ethernet link, the 2-Way state is acceptable.
Correct: Non-DR/Non-BDR routers remain in 2-Way state since they don't need to form full adjacency.
✅ B. The Init state indicates that the router has received Hello packets from its neighbors, but the received Hello packets do not contain the OSPF RID of the receiving router.
Correct: If an OSPF router receives a Hello but does not see its own Router ID, it stays in the Init state.
✅ C. The ExStart state indicates that two neighbor routers have inconsistent MTUs or the same OSPF Router ID (RID).
Correct: If MTUs mismatch or RIDs conflict, the DBD exchange fails, causing routers to remain in ExStart state.
❌ D. The Attempt state indicates that the router does not send unicast Hello packets to configured neighbors.
Incorrect:
In Attempt state, routers send unicast Hello packets to manually configured neighbors (common in NBMA networks).
If no Hello responses are received, they remain in Attempt state, but they DO send Hellos.
Real-World Application
OSPF Troubleshooting: Identifying routers stuck in Init or ExStart states can point to MTU mismatches or neighbor misconfigurations.
NBMA Networks (Frame Relay, DMVPN): Manually configured neighbors may stay in Attempt state if Hello packets are lost.
✅ Reference: Huawei HCIE-Datacom Study Guide - OSPF Neighbor States & Troubleshooting
NEW QUESTION # 160
On an SR-MPLS network, manually configured prefix SIDs on different devices may conflict with each other.
Assume that there are four routes (prefix/mask SID) as follows. Which of the following routes will be selected according to the conflict handling principle?
Answer: C
Explanation:
InSR-MPLS (Segment Routing over MPLS),prefix SID conflictsmay occur if multiple prefixes are assigned the same SID or vice versa.
Conflict resolution principle (Huawei standard):
When there aremultiple SIDs for the same prefix, theSID with the lowest value wins.
Whenthe same SID is assigned to multiple prefixes, theprefix with the smallest addresswins.
Apply to this case:
Conflict: Two entries for1.1.1.1/32withSID 2 and SID 1.
SID 1 is lower, so1.1.1.1/32 # SID 1is selected.
Correct answer: D. 1.1.1.1/32 # SID 1
Reference:Huawei HCIE-Datacom V1.0 Study Guide -Chapter: Segment Routing MPLSSection: SID Conflict Resolution Strategy
NEW QUESTION # 161
In the firewall hot standby scenario, when VGMP works in load balancing mode, which of the following functions must be enabled on the firewalls to prevent the return traffic from being discarded because it does not match any session entry in the case of inconsistent forward and return paths?
Answer: D
Explanation:
In hot standby (active-active/load balancing) scenarios, Quick Session Backup is critical. This function ensures that session entries are immediately synchronized between firewalls to handle asymmetric traffic (where return traffic goes through a different firewall than the forward traffic).
Without it, the return packet may be dropped due to missing session information on the alternate firewall.
Exact Extract - HCIE-Datacom Security Module:
"When VGMP is in load balancing mode, quick session backup must be enabled to prevent traffic loss due to inconsistent forward and return paths." Reference:
Huawei USG Series Firewall Configuration Guide - Hot Standby and Session Backup HCIE-Datacom Security Guide - Firewall Redundancy and VGMP Features
NEW QUESTION # 162
In SRv6, each time a packet passes through an SRv6 endpoint node, the Segments Left field value decrements by 1, and the IPv6 DA changes.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed
✔ SRv6 (Segment Routing over IPv6) works by encoding a segment list in the IPv6 header.
✔ How SRv6 Works:
The Segments Left field indicates the remaining segments in the path.
Each endpoint node processes the next segment and decrements Segments Left by 1.
The IPv6 Destination Address (DA) is updated to the next segment.
Thus, the statement is TRUE.
📖 Reference: Huawei HCIE Datacom - SRv6 Packet Forwarding
NEW QUESTION # 163
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