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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Information Security Controls (ISO/IEC 27002:2022) | 25% | - Control categories and implementation guidance
|
| Requirements of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 | 30% | - Leadership and planning
|
| Fundamental Concepts of Information Security | 15% | - Overview of ISO/IEC 27000 family of standards
|
| Auditing Principles and Practices | 30% | - Audit execution
|
>> ISO-IEC-27001-Lead-Auditor-CN関連復習問題集 <<
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質問 # 393
審計結果是根據審計標準對收集的審計證據進行評估的結果。評估以下潛在的審計證據格式並選擇可接受的兩種。
正解：B、F
解説：
According to the ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor exam preparation guide1, audit evidence can be in various formats, such as records, statements of fact, or other information that is relevant and verifiable. Audit evidence can be collected by means of interviews, observation, sampling, testing, or other techniques. However, not all formats of audit evidence are acceptable or reliable. For example, unsigned hand written changes to test results (A) are not verifiable and may indicate tampering or falsification. Statements by a system engineer that cannot be verified (D) are also not reliable and may be biased or inaccurate. An audio recording of a dialog between the IT manager and a system engineer (F) may not be relevant to the audit criteria or may violate the confidentiality or consent of the parties involved. A statement of facts by the IT manager (B) may be relevant and verifiable, but it is not sufficient as audit evidence unless it is supported by other sources of information. Therefore, the two acceptable formats of audit evidence are documented information on results of IT audits and observation of a previously recorded video demonstrating the performance of a hazardous activity (E), as they are relevant to the audit criteria and can be verified by other means. Reference: 1: https://pecb.com/pdf/exam-preparation-guides/pecb-iso-iec-27001-lead-auditor-exam-preparation-guide.pdf (page 9)
質問 # 394
下列哪兩項是有效的審計結論？
正解：A、E
解説：
The two statements that are valid audit conclusions are:
* The ISMS policy has been effectively communicated to the organisation
* The organisation's ISMS objectives meet the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001:2022 According to ISO 19011:2018, an audit conclusion is the outcome of an audit, provided by the audit team after considering the audit objectives and all audit findings1. An audit conclusion can be positive or negative, depending on whether the audit criteria are fulfilled or not. An audit conclusion can also include recommendations for improvement or recognition of good practices.
The statements D and E are valid audit conclusions, because they express the outcome of the audit based on the audit criteria and findings. For example:
* Statement D is a positive audit conclusion, because it indicates that the organisation has fulfilled the requirement of clause 5.2.2 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which states that the ISMS policy must be communicated within the organisation and to relevant interested parties2. The audit team must have obtained sufficient and appropriate audit evidence to support this conclusion, such as records of communication, awareness activities, feedback, etc.
* Statement E is a positive audit conclusion, because it indicates that the organisation has fulfilled the requirement of clause 6.2 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which states that the organisation must establish ISMS objectives that are consistent with the ISMS policy and relevant to the information security risks3. The audit team must have obtained sufficient and appropriate audit evidence to support this conclusion, such as records of objective setting, risk assessment, alignment with policy, etc.
The other statements are not valid audit conclusions, because they do not express the outcome of the audit based on the audit criteria and findings. They are rather examples of audit findings, which are the results of the evaluation of the collected audit evidence against the audit criteria4. Audit findings can indicate either conformity or nonconformity with the audit criteria, or opportunities for improvement. For example:
* Statement A is a negative audit finding, because it indicates a nonconformity with the requirement of clause 7.2.2 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which states that the organisation must provide information security awareness education and training to persons under its control5. The audit team must have identified and documented this nonconformity, and reported it to the auditee.
* Statement B is a negative audit finding, because it indicates a nonconformity with the requirement of clause 6.1.2 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which states that the organisation must maintain and review the information security risk assessment at planned intervals or when significant changes occur6. The audit team must have identified and documented this nonconformity, and reported it to the auditee.
* Statement C is a negative audit finding, because it indicates a nonconformity with the requirement of clause 10.1 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which states that the organisation must take action to eliminate the causes of nonconformities and prevent recurrence7. The audit team must have identified and documented this nonconformity, and reported it to the auditee.
* Statement F is a negative audit finding, because it indicates a nonconformity with the requirement of clause 6.1.3 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which states that the organisation must determine the controls that are necessary to implement the risk treatment plan, and document them in the statement of applicability8. The audit team must have identified and documented this nonconformity, and reported it to the auditee.
質問 # 395
檢查以下陳述並確定哪兩項是錯誤的：
正解：B、E
解説：
* A: Auditors approved for conducting onsite audits do require additional training for virtual audits to ensure they are competent in using the technology and tools required for conducting audits remotely12.
* E: The number of days assigned to a third-party audit is not determined by the auditee's availability, but rather by factors such as the size and complexity of the organization, the scope of the audit, and the requirements of the certification body34.
References: The answers are verified based on the content and objectives of the ISMS ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor course, as well as the guidelines provided in the reference materials and documents related to the course.
質問 # 396
問題
一個組織依賴單一伺服器來管理所有傳入流量，這便造成了潛在的單點故障。如果伺服器發生故障或當機，可能會導致服務中斷。
這種情況呈現出什麼特徵？資訊安全的哪個面向主要受到影響？
正解：B
解説：
This scenario presents a risk that primarily impacts availability, which is one of the three core information security principles alongside confidentiality and integrity. Relying on a single server to manage all incoming traffic introduces a single point of failure, meaning that if the server fails, services become unavailable.
From an ISO/IEC 27001 perspective, this is clearly a risk, not merely a misconfiguration or a system error. A risk exists because there is a reasonable likelihood that the server could fail and a significant impact if it does, namely service disruption. ISO/IEC 27001 clause 6.1.2 requires organizations to identify such risks that could affect the availability of information and services.
Option B is incorrect because while misconfiguration can cause outages, the scenario does not describe an incorrect configuration; it describes an architectural dependency. Option C is incorrect because authentication is not the primary concern; the issue affects the ability to deliver services at all, regardless of user authentication.
Availability is explicitly addressed in ISO/IEC 27002:2022 through controls such as redundancy and capacity management. The absence of redundancy increases availability risk. Therefore, the scenario correctly represents a risk impacting availability, making option A the best answer.
質問 # 397
您是 ISMS 審核員，正在對電信供應商進行第三方監督審核。您位於設備暫存室，網路交換器在傳送給客戶之前已預先編程。您注意到，最近未通過初始設定測試並被退回重新編程的交換器數量顯著增加。
你問首席測試員為什麼，她說，「這是最近 ISMS 升級的結果」。在升級之前，每個技術人員都有自己的硬拷貝工作說明。現在，我團隊的八名成員必須共用兩台筆記型電腦才能在線上存取客戶的設定說明。這些延誤給技術人員帶來了壓力，導致更多錯誤。
僅根據上述信息，針對 ISO 的哪一項條款提出不合格項'選擇一項。
正解：E
解説：
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, which specifies the requirements for establishing, implementing, maintaining and continually improving an information security management system (ISMS), clause 8.1 requires an organization to plan, implement and control its processes needed to meet ISMS requirements2. This includes determining what needs to be done, how it will be done, who will do it, when it will be done, what resources are required, how performance will be evaluated, etc2. Therefore, if an ISMS auditor conducting a third-party surveillance audit of a telecom's provider notes that there has been a significant increase in the number of switches failing their initial configuration test and being returned for reprogramming due to a recent ISMS upgrade that reduced access to work instructions, this indicates a nonconformity against clause 8.1 of ISO/IEC 27001:2022. The organization has failed to plan and control its operational processes effectively to ensure information security and quality2. The other options are not correct clauses to raise a nonconformity against based solely on this information. For example, clause 7.5 deals with documented information required by ISMS or determined by an organization as necessary for its effectiveness2, but it does not specify how many copies or formats of work instructions should be available; clause 10.2 deals with nonconformity and corrective action as a response to an identified problem or incident2, but it does not address how to prevent or avoid such problems or incidents in operational processes; clause 7.3 deals with awareness of ISMS policy, objectives, roles and responsibilities among persons doing work under an organization's control2, but it does not relate to how work instructions are accessed or followed; clause 7.2 deals with competence of persons doing work under an organization's control that affects its ISMS performance2, but it does not imply that lack of competence is caused by insufficient work instructions; clause 7.4 deals with communication about ISMS among internal and external interested parties2, but it does not cover how operational information is communicated within an organization. Reference: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 - Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements
質問 # 398
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