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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Secondary Assessment | 5–9% | - Symptom assessment and history taking - Focused history and physical exam - Vital signs and monitoring |
| Topic 2: Patient Treatment and Transport | 20–24% | - Medical and trauma care interventions - Medication administration and protocols - Communication with receiving facilities - Patient packaging and transport procedures |
| Topic 3: Scene Size-Up and Safety | 15–19% | - Scene assessment and safety protocols - Hazard recognition and management - Mechanism of injury / nature of illness |
| Topic 4: EMS Operations | 10–14% | - Incident command and multiple-casualty situations - EMS system roles and responsibilities - Documentation and legal aspects - Emergency vehicle operations and safety |
| Topic 5: Primary Assessment | 39–43% | - Initial patient assessment - General patient impression and priority determination - Airway, breathing, and circulation management - Identification and management of life-threatening conditions |
>> Valid NREMT EMT Exam Answers <<
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NEW QUESTION # 229
Which of the following conditions would most likely result in pulmonary edema? Select the two correct options.
Answer: C,E
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
Pulmonary edemais caused by fluid accumulation in the alveoli, impairing gas exchange. It is typically due to:
* Left-sided heart failure: Blood backs up into the pulmonary circulation
* Hypertensive crisis: Increases hydrostatic pressure in the lungs
Anaphylaxis causesvasodilation and bronchospasm, not fluid overload. Increased oncotic pressure would retainfluid in capillaries - the opposite of edema.
References:
NREMT Medical Module - Respiratory and Cardiovascular Integration
AHA ACLS Guidelines - Congestive Heart Failure
AAOS EMT Textbook - Pathophysiology of Pulmonary Edema
NEW QUESTION # 230
You have achieved ROSC (Return of Spontaneous Circulation) in a 77-year-old female. She remains unresponsive and her vital signs are BP 94/58, P 82, and R 18. In what position should she be placed?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
AfterROSCin an unresponsive patient, theleft lateral recumbent position(also called the recovery position) is preferred to:
* Maintain an open airway
* Prevent aspiration if vomiting occurs
* Promote drainage of secretions
Supine or Trendelenburg positions increase the risk of aspiration. Elevating the head to 45° may reduce intracranial pressure, but it's not standard post-ROSC care in an unresponsive patient unless airway protection is ensured.
References:
NREMT Cardiology Guidelines - Post-Resuscitation Care
American Heart Association BLS/ACLS Algorithms - ROSC Protocol
EMS Education Standards - Transport Positioning
NEW QUESTION # 231
A law enforcement officer requests that you place the clothes from a sexual assault victim in a bag for transport to the hospital. Which type of bag should you use?
Answer: A
Explanation:
In cases of sexual assault, preserving evidence integrity is critical. Clothing or other forensic evidence must be placed in paper bags. Plastic or non-breathable materials can trap moisture, promoting mold or degradation of evidence like DNA or bodily fluids.
This approach follows chain-of-custody protocols used by law enforcement and medical facilities for handling forensic material.
References:
NREMT EMS Operations - Evidence Preservation and Forensics
U).S. Department of Justice: "A National Protocol for Sexual Assault Medical Forensic Examinations" National EMS Education Standards - Legal and Ethical Principles
NEW QUESTION # 232
You have achieved ROSC in a 77-year-old female. She remains unresponsive and her vital signs are BP 94
/58, P 82, and R 18. In what position should she be placed?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The correct answer is B. Left lateral recumbent.
This patient has return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) but remains unresponsive. In such cases, airway protection becomes the priority.
According to NREMT and resuscitation guidelines:
Unresponsive patients who are breathing adequately should be placed in the recovery position (lateral recumbent) to maintain a patent airway and reduce the risk of aspiration.
This position allows secretions or vomit to drain out of the mouth instead of entering the airway.
Why B is correct:
"Place unresponsive patients with adequate breathing in the recovery position." The left lateral recumbent position is the standard recovery position used in EMS.
Why the other options are incorrect:
A). Supine: Increases risk of airway obstruction and aspiration in an unresponsive patient.
C). Trendelenburg: Not recommended; can worsen respiratory function and does not improve outcomes.
D). Head elevated 45°: May be used in conscious patients or certain conditions, but not ideal for an unresponsive patient without airway control.
Exact Extracts:
"Unresponsive patients who are breathing adequately should be placed in the recovery position."
"The recovery position helps maintain an open airway and reduces aspiration risk."
"Airway management is the priority after ROSC."
References:
NREMT EMT Education Standards - Cardiology & Resuscitation
NREMT National Continued Competency Program (NCCP) - Post-Resuscitation Care AHA BLS Guidelines - Post-Cardiac Arrest Care
NEW QUESTION # 233
A choking patient becomes unresponsive. What should the EMT perform next? Select the two correct options.
Answer: A,E
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract:
If achoking patient becomes unresponsive, EMTs should:
* Check for a pulse
* Begin chest compressionsif no pulse is foundChest compressions can helpdislodge the object. After compressions, the airway should be opened and inspected. Back blows are not appropriate for unconscious patients.
Ventilation is attempted after clearing the airway or if no object is seen.Do not withhold compressions waiting for object removal.
References:
AHA BLS Provider Manual (2020) - Foreign Body Airway Obstruction Algorithm NREMT Airway Skills Sheet - Obstructed Airway National EMS Education Standards - Respiratory and Airway Management
NEW QUESTION # 234
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