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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Audit Lifecycle and Competencies of the Lead Auditor | 25% | - Conflict resolution during audits - Leading an audit team - Audit follow-up and corrective action verification - Managing audit relationships with audited parties - Audit communication strategies |
| Topic 2: ISMS Audit Based on ISO 19011 and ISO/IEC 17021-1 | 25% | - Auditing leadership commitment - Auditing the context of the organization - Auditing organizational structure and roles - Auditing control selection and implementation (Annex A) - Continual improvement processes - Measuring, monitoring, and reporting ISMS performance - Auditing risk assessment and treatment processes |
| Topic 3: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) and the ISO/IEC 27001 Standard | 15% | - Overview of ISO/IEC 27001 and its relationship with ISO/IEC 27002 - Fundamental principles and concepts of information security - Regulatory and legal considerations in information security |
| Topic 4: Certification and Accreditation Framework | 15% | - ISO/IEC 17021-1 requirements for certification bodies - Audit report preparation and documentation - Surveillance and re-certification audits - Principles of certification bodies - Certification decision process |
| Topic 5: Audit Principles and Audit Process | 20% | - Risk-based audit approach - Audit types and stages ( initiation, planning, execution, reporting) - Audit evidence collection techniques - Audit scope and objectives - Audit sampling methodology |
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NEW QUESTION # 98
您正在一家提供醫療保健服務的住宅療養院 (ABC) 進行 ISMS 審核。審核計劃的下一步是驗證 ABC 醫療保健行動應用程式開發、支援和生命週期流程的資訊安全性。在審核過程中，您了解到該組織將行動應用程式開發外包給了一家擁有CMMI Level 5、ITSM（ISO/IEC 20000-1）、BCMS（ISO
22301）和
通過 ISMS (ISO/IEC 27001) 認證。
IT經理介紹了軟體安全管理流程，並將流程總結如下：
行動應用程式開發至少應採用「設計安全」和「預設安全」原則。
應具備以下個人資料保護安全功能：
存取控制。
個人資料加密，即高階加密標準（AES）演算法，金鑰長度：256位元；個人資料假名化。
已檢查漏洞，無安全後門
您採樣最新的行動應用測試報告，詳細資訊如下：
IT經理解釋說，根據軟體安全管理程序，測試結果應由他批准。加密和假名功能失敗的原因是這些功能嚴重降低了系統和服務效能。需要額外 150% 的資源來滿足這一點。服務經理同意存取控制足夠好並且可以接受。這就是服務經理簽署批准書的原因。
您正在準備審計結果。選擇正確的選項。
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 99
場景 9：Techmanic 是一家比利時公司，成立於 1995 年，目前在布魯塞爾運作。該公司提供 IT 諮詢、軟體設計以及軟體硬體服務，包括部署和維護。其服務業涵蓋公共服務、金融、電信、能源、醫療保健和教育等領域。作為一家以客戶為中心的公司，Techmanic 重視與客戶建立牢固的關係，並致力於採用領先的安全實踐。
Techmanic 已獲得 ISO/IEC 27001 認證一年，並對此認證引以為傲。在認證審核期間，審核員發現其資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS) 的實施存在一些不一致之處。由於發現的問題並未影響其 ISMS 實現預期結果的能力，因此在審核員遠端跟進根本原因分析和糾正措施後，Techmanic 獲得了認證。同年，該公司在其服務清單中新增了主機託管服務，並申請擴大認證範圍以涵蓋該領域。負責審核的審核員批准了該申請，並通知 Techmanic 將在監督審核期間進行擴展審核。 Techmanic 接受了監督審核，以驗證其 ISMS 的持續有效性以及是否符合 ISO/IEC 27001 標準。此次監督審核旨在確保 Techmanic 的安全實踐(包括最近新增的主機託管服務)與認證的嚴格要求無縫銜接。審核員在重新認證過程中巧妙地利用了先前監督審核報告中的發現，旨在避免進行額外的重新認證審核，尤其是在 IT 諮詢領域。認識到持續改進的價值，並從過去的評估中吸取經驗教訓。
Techmanic實施了一項審查以往監督審計報告的慣例。這種積極主動的做法不僅有助於識別和解決潛在的不符合項，而且旨在簡化IT諮詢行業的重新認證流程。
在監督審核過程中，發現了一些不符合項。資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)持續符合ISO/IEC標準。
Techmanic公司雖然符合ISO/IEC 27001*標準的要求，但其內部稽核員報告稱，該公司未能解決與託管服務相關的不符合項。此外，內部稽核報告存在多處不一致之處，令人質疑內部稽核員在託管服務稽核過程中的獨立性。基於此，Techmanic公司未獲得擴展認證。因此，該公司申請轉至其他認證機構。同時，該公司向客戶發布聲明稱，ISO/IEC 27001認證涵蓋其IT服務以及託管服務。
根據以上情景，回答以下問題：
問題：
下列哪些選項是內部稽核程序不允許的？
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
* C. Correct Answer:
* Internal audits detect nonconformities but do not actively prevent them.
* A. Incorrect:
* Internal audits verify corrective actions.
* B. Incorrect:
* Technology can reduce manual tasks in internal audits.
Relevant Standard Reference:
* ISO 19011:2018 Clause 6.4.7 (Audit Program Limitations)
NEW QUESTION # 100
您正在進行 ISMS 審核。審計計劃的下一步是驗證組織的資訊安全風險處理計劃是否已製定並正確實施。您決定採訪 IT 安全經理。
您：能否請您解釋一下組織是如何進行資訊安全風險評估和處理流程的？
IT 安全經理：我們遵循資訊安全風險管理程序，產生風險處理計劃。
旁白：您回顧了第 123 號風險處理計劃，該計劃涉及計劃安裝電子（隱形）圍欄，以提高療養院的物理安全。您發現風險處理計劃已獲得 IT 安全經理的批准。
您：誰要為實體安全風險負責？
IT 安全經理：設施經理負責實體安全風險。 IT部門幫助他們監控警報。授權設施經理批准123號風險處理計畫的預算。
您：123號風險處置預案實施後，還有哪些資訊安全風險殘留？
IT安全經理：據我了解，目前還沒有關於殘留資訊安全風險接受的資訊。
您準備您的審計結果。為場景中合理的發現選擇三個選項。
Answer: D,E,G
Explanation:
The three options for findings that are justified in the scenario are:
* Nonconformity (NC) - The information for the acceptance of residual information security risks should be updated after the risk treatment is implemented. Clause 6.1.3.f
* Nonconformity (NC) - The IT security manager should be aware of and understand his authority and area of responsibility. Clause 7.3
* Nonconformity (NC) - The risk treatment plan No. 123 should be approved by the risk owner, the Facility Manager in this case. Clause 6.1.3.f According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 6.1.3.f, the organisation must retain documented information that includes the information for the acceptance of residual information security risks, and the approval of the risk treatment plan by the risk owner1. Therefore, option A and G are justified as nonconformities, because the organisation failed to update the information for the acceptance of residual risks, and the risk treatment plan was approved by the IT security manager, who is not the risk owner.
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 7.3, the organisation must ensure that the persons assigned to perform the roles and responsibilities for the ISMS are competent, and are aware of the consequences of not conforming to the ISMS requirements2. Therefore, option E is justified as a nonconformity, because the IT security manager, who is responsible for the information security risk management process, was not aware of his authority and area of responsibility.
The other options are not justified as findings, because they are either irrelevant or incorrect. For example:
* Option B is irrelevant, because it is not related to the information security risk treatment plan No. 123, which is the focus of the audit.
* Option C is incorrect, because it is not an opportunity for improvement, but rather a benefit of the risk treatment plan No. 123, which is already implemented.
* Option D is incorrect, because it is not a nonconformity, but rather a requirement for the organisation to provide the resources needed for the ISMS, which is not the same as the resources needed for the risk treatment plan No. 123.
* Option F is incorrect, because it is not a nonconformity, but rather a requirement for the organisation to provide the resources needed for the continual improvement of the ISMS, which is not the same as the resources needed for the risk treatment plan No. 123.
* Option H is irrelevant, because it is not a finding, but rather a good practice, which is not the objective of the audit.
NEW QUESTION # 101
情境二
Knight 是一家總部位於美國北加州的電子公司，主要開發電視遊戲機。
Knight在全球擁有超過300名員工，值此五週年之際，公司推出了面向國際市場的新一代遊戲主機G-Console。 G-Console被譽為2021年的終極多媒體設備，將為玩家帶來最佳遊戲體驗。主機組包含一副VR頭戴裝置、兩款遊戲以及其他贈品。
多年來，該公司憑藉誠信、正直和尊重客戶的良好聲譽而備受讚譽。除了是一家以客戶為中心的公司外，Knight 還因其卓越的產品品質在遊戲產業中贏得了廣泛的認可。
身為全球領先的遊戲主機開發者之一，Knight 經常成為惡意攻擊的目標。因此，該公司實施了基於 ISO/IEC 27001 的資訊安全管理系統 (ISMS)，並透過每週例會向員工傳達了該系統的適用範圍。
然而，最近 Knight 公司遭遇了一次安全漏洞，駭客洩漏了專有資訊。作為應對，事件回應小組 (IRT) 立即對系統和事件細節展開了徹底調查。最初，IRT 懷疑員工可能使用了弱密碼，導致駭客輕易存取了他們的帳戶。進一步調查發現，駭客截獲了檔案傳輸協定 (FTP) 的流量，該協定使用明文密碼進行身份驗證來傳輸資料。
鑑於此安全事件，並根據 IRT 的建議，Knight 決定以安全外殼協定 (SSH) 取代 FTP。此變更確保所有擷取的流量都經過加密，從而顯著提升安全性。
在實施這些變更後，奈特公司進行了風險評估，以驗證控制措施的實施是否已將類似事件的風險降至最低。根據風險評估結果，他們選擇了一種風險處理方案來應對風險。
問題
根據情境2，風險處理方案是根據風險評估結果來決定的。這種做法是否可以接受？
Answer: A
Explanation:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 explicitly requires that risk treatment decisions be based on the results of the information security risk assessment. Clause 6.1.3 states that, after completing a risk assessment, the organization shall determine appropriate risk treatment options and select controls to implement those options.
This ensures that controls are proportionate, justified, and aligned with actual information security risks rather than arbitrary or purely cost-driven decisions.
In the scenario, Knight conducted a risk assessment after implementing SSH to replace FTP and then chose a risk treatment option based on the assessment results. This approach is fully compliant with ISO/IEC 27001.
The organization first identified the risk, implemented a control to address the vulnerability, and then reassessed the residual risk to confirm whether it was reduced to an acceptable level. This demonstrates a structured and systematic risk management process.
Option B is incorrect because ISO/IEC 27001 does not allow financial considerations to override risk assessment outcomes. While cost is a factor, it must be balanced against the risk and potential impact. Option C is incorrect because random selection of risk treatment options contradicts the fundamental principles of risk-based decision-making and would undermine the effectiveness of the ISMS.
Therefore, selecting a risk treatment option based on risk assessment results is not only acceptable but required under ISO/IEC 27001:2022.
NEW QUESTION # 102
您詢問 IT 經理，為什麼組織仍在使用行動應用程序，而個人資料加密和假名化測試卻失敗了。此外，服務經理是否有權批准測試。
IT經理解釋說，根據軟體安全管理程序，測試結果應由他批准。加密和假名功能失敗的原因是這些功能嚴重降低了系統和服務效能。需要額外 150% 的資源來滿足這一點。服務經理同意存取控制足夠好並且可以接受。這就是服務經理簽署批准書的原因。
您對醫務人員的手機進行採樣，發現安裝了 ABC 的醫療保健移動應用程序，版本 1.01。你發現1.01版本沒有測試記錄。
IT經理解釋說，由於勒索軟體攻擊頻繁，外包行動應用開發公司對受測軟體進行了免費小幅更新，並對更新後的軟體進行了緊急發布，並口頭保證不會對安全造成任何影響。
以他20年的資訊安全經驗來看，沒有必要重新測試。
您正在準備審核結果 請選擇兩個正確的選項。
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
According to ISO 27001:2022 Annex A Control 8.30, the organisation shall ensure that externally provided processes, products or services that are relevant to the information security management system are controlled. This includes developing and entering into licensing agreements that cover code ownership and intellectual property rights, and implementing appropriate contractual requirements related to secure design and coding in accordance with Annex A 8.25 and 8.2912 In this case, the organisation and the developer have performed security tests that failed, which indicates that the secure design and coding requirements of Annex A 8.29 were not met. The IT Manager explains that the encryption and pseudonymization functions failed because they slowed down the system and service performance, and that an extra 150% of resources are needed to cover this. However, this does not justify the acceptance of the test results by the Service Manager, who is not authorised to approve the test according to the software security management procedure. The Service Manager should have consulted with the IT Manager, who is the owner of the process, and followed the procedure for handling nonconformities and corrective actions. The Service Manager's decision to continue the service based on access control alone exposes the organisation to the risk of compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of personal data processed by the mobile app. Therefore, there is a nonconformity (NC) with clause 8.1, control A.8.30.
According to ISO 27001:2022 Clause 8.1, the organisation shall plan, implement and control the processes needed to meet information security requirements, and to implement the actions determined in Clause 6.1. The organisation shall also control planned changes and review the consequences of unintended changes, taking action to mitigate any adverse effects, as necessary12 In this case, the organisation has not controlled the planned change of the mobile app from version 1.0 to version 1.01, which was a minor update provided by the outsourced developer in response to frequent ransomware attacks. The IT Manager explains that the developer performed an emergency release of the updated software, and gave a verbal guarantee that there will be no impact on any security functions. However, this is not sufficient to ensure that the change is properly assessed, tested, documented, and approved before deployment. The IT Manager should have followed the change management process and procedure, and verified that the updated software meets the security requirements and does not introduce any new vulnerabilities or risks. The IT Manager's reliance on his 20 years of information security experience and the developer's verbal guarantee is not a valid basis for skipping the re-testing of the software. Therefore, there is a nonconformity (NC) with clause 8.1.
Reference:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2
NEW QUESTION # 103
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