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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Lateral Movement & Tenant Compromise | 20% | - Cross-resource and subscription hopping - Hybrid identity and on-prem integration abuse - API and Azure management endpoint exploitation - Compute, storage, and network pivoting |
| Topic 2: Post-Exploitation & Persistence | 15% | - Maintaining persistent access - Data collection and exfiltration techniques - Defense evasion in Azure environment - Full attack chain demonstration |
| Topic 3: Initial Access | 20% | - Consent phishing and application abuse - Exposed secrets and configuration flaws - Password spraying and credential stuffing - Token and session abuse |
| Topic 4: Privilege Escalation | 25% | - Service Principal and App Registration attacks - Managed Identity exploitation - Key Vault and secret management misconfigurations - Entra ID role and permission abuse |
| Topic 5: Reconnaissance & Enumeration | 20% | - DNS, endpoints, and exposed services mapping - Entra ID (Azure AD) enumeration - Azure resource discovery - Azure tenant and domain enumeration |
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NEW QUESTION # 15
You've uncovered valid credentials for another user in the previous step. Authenticate as this user and investigate their level of access within the Azure environment. Which of the following Microsoft Entra ID roles is assigned to this user?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Detailed Solution:
Log in using the credential recovered in Q4.
az login -u sumit.siddharth@azuresecops.onmicrosoft.com -p ' < recovered-password > ' Confirm the current signed-in user:
az ad signed-in-user show --output json
Now enumerate the user's Microsoft Entra ID role memberships through Microsoft Graph.
az rest --method GET \
--url " https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/memberOf " \
--output json
To display only role names:
az rest --method GET \
--url " https://graph.microsoft.com/v1.0/me/memberOf " \
--query " value[].displayName " \
--output table
The relevant role is:
User Administrator
This role is dangerous because it can manage users and reset passwords for many non-privileged users. That is exactly why the next task asks you to abuse directory-level privileges to compromise another user.
Final answer:
B). User Administrator
NEW QUESTION # 16
ExcaliburCorp has recently migrated part of its infrastructure to Microsoft Azure. Shortly after the migration, the company suffered a security breach resulting in the exposure of sensitive internal data. Their investigation revealed that the attack originated from a disgruntled developer who has since disappeared. To assess and mitigate further risks, ExcaliburCorp has granted you access to a replica Azure environment with the same permissions the developer had at the time of the incident. Your task is to simulate the attacker's actions, uncover the full extent of the compromise, and identify vulnerable configurations or services that enabled the breach.
Using the provided Azure login credentials, perform OSINT and reconnaissance to identify the Azure Active Directory/AAD Tenant ID associated with the environment.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Answer in Explanation below.
Explanation:
f015f36d-c07f-41fb-9bde-fffc3a22ee8b
Detailed Solution:
Log in using the supplied breached Azure account.
az login -u alex.johnson@azuresecops.onmicrosoft.com -p ' pg:Lr{k102l(fh7! ' After successful authentication, check the active Azure subscription context.
az account show
The important fields are:
{
" id " : " 7403ec86-c39d-4d80-9efa-35c7580ecefa " ,
" name " : " Azure subscription 1 " ,
" tenantDefaultDomain " : " azuresecops.onmicrosoft.com " ,
" tenantDisplayName " : " ExcaliburCorp " ,
" tenantId " : " f015f36d-c07f-41fb-9bde-fffc3a22ee8b "
}
The AAD / Microsoft Entra tenant ID is the tenantId.
Final answer:
f015f36d-c07f-41fb-9bde-fffc3a22ee8b
NEW QUESTION # 17
During App Service enumeration, you discover that the compromised user can read App Service application settings. Find the hidden flag stored in the application settings.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Answer in Explanation below.
Explanation:
Flag{app_settings_should_not_store_secrets}
Detailed Solution:
Query App Service settings:
az webapp config appsettings list \
--name finance-reporting-api \
--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \
--output json
Search for suspicious keys:
az webapp config appsettings list \
--name finance-reporting-api \
--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \
--query " [?contains(name, ' FLAG ' ) || contains(name, ' Flag ' ) || contains(name, ' SECRET ' )] " \
--output table
Expected output:
Name SlotSetting Value
---------- ------------- ----------------------------------------
APP_FLAG False Flag{app_settings_should_not_store_secrets}
The flag is:
Flag{app_settings_should_not_store_secrets}
NEW QUESTION # 18
A compromised principal has permission to list role assignments. Identify which user has the User Access Administrator role at the resource group scope.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Answer in Explanation below.
Explanation:
olivia.admin@cloudcorpsec.onmicrosoft.com
Detailed Solution:
Run:
az role assignment list \
--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \
--all \
--output table
Or filter by role:
az role assignment list \
--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \
--role " User Access Administrator " \
--query " [].{Principal:principalName,Role:roleDefinitionName,Scope:scope} " \
--output table
Expected output:
Principal Role Scope
------------------------------------- ------------------------- ---------------------------- olivia.admin@cloudcorpsec.onmicrosoft.com User Access Administrator /subscriptions/.../rg-prod-apps-eastus Final answer:
olivia.admin@cloudcorpsec.onmicrosoft.com
NEW QUESTION # 19
You find a SAS token in a table entity. The token starts with:
?sv=2025-01-05 & ss=b & srt=sco & sp=rl & se=2026-08-01T00:00:00Z
Which permissions does sp=rl grant?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Detailed Solution:
In Azure Storage SAS tokens, sp means signed permissions.
For blob/container access:
r = read
l = list
w = write
d = delete
c = create
a = add
Given:
sp=rl
The permissions are:
Read + List
Correct answer:
A). Read and List
SAS tokens grant delegated access to Azure Storage resources and must be handled like secrets.
NEW QUESTION # 20
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