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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Secure Infrastructure | 30% | - Security approaches to protect against threats
|
| Topic 2: Artificial Intelligence, Automation, and DevSecOps | 15% | - AI and automation in security
|
| Topic 3: Risk, Events, and Requirements | 30% | - Security architecture requirements and frameworks
|
| Topic 4: Applications | 25% | - Security solutions for applications
|
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問題 #35
Which two approaches support secure communication in containerized microservices architectures? (Choose two.)
答案:B,D
解題說明:
Mutual TLS (mTLS) provides encrypted communication and mutual authentication between services. A service mesh enforces centralized security policies and automates secure communication across microservices.
問題 #36
The network security team of a private university is conducting a comprehensive audit to evaluate the security posture across the network infrastructure. During the review, the security team found that a trusted vendor disclosed serious vulnerabilities identified in a product that plays a crucial role in the university's CI/CD pipeline. The security team must act promptly to mitigate the potential risks posed by these vulnerabilities.
Which action must the security team take first in response to the disclosure?
答案:B
解題說明:
According to theCisco Security Incident Responselifecycle and theNIST SP 800-61standards referenced in the SDSI objectives, the very first step in responding to a third-party vulnerability disclosure isIdentification and Validation. Before a team can patch, notify stakeholders, or monitor for exploits, they must perform an asset inventory check to confirm whether the specific vulnerable version of the product is actually running within their environment.
In a complex CI/CD pipeline, multiple tools and versions coexist. Jumping straight to patching (Option D) without validation can lead to unnecessary downtime or "breaking" integrated workflows if the vulnerability doesn't actually apply to the version in use. Similarly, using an IDS (Option A) is a detection/monitoring step that follows the confirmation of risk. Notifying customers (Option B) is a later phase in the incident response process, usually reserved for confirmed breaches or significant service impacts. By confirming the presence and version of the software first, the security team can accurately assess theblast radiusand prioritize remediation efforts based on the actual risk to the university's specific infrastructure. This systematic approach ensures that resources are allocated efficiently and that the security posture is managed based on verified data rather than assumptions.
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問題 #37
A financial company is focused on proactively protecting sensitive data stored on the devices.
The company recognizes the potential risks associated with lost or stolen devices and they want a solution to ensure that if unauthorized user access the device, the data it contains is not accessible or misused. The solution includes implementing a strategy that renders data unreadable without user authentication. Which solution meets the requirement?
答案:B
解題說明:
Disk encryption ensures that data stored on devices is unreadable without proper authentication.
If a device is lost or stolen, unauthorized users cannot access or misuse the data, since encryption protects the contents until the legitimate user provides credentials.
問題 #38
What is a use for AI in securing network infrastructure?
答案:B
解題說明:
In the architecture of modern security, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are leveraged to move beyond reactive, signature-based defenses. One of the most significant uses of AI in securing network infrastructure is the detection ofzero-day attacks(often referred to in exam contexts as "day zero" attacks). A zero-day attack exploits a vulnerability that is unknown to the software vendor or the public, meaning no signature exists for traditional firewalls or antivirus software to block it.
AI identifies these threats throughbehavioral analysisandanomaly detection. By establishing a highly granular baseline of "normal" network traffic patterns-including flow direction, packet size, inter-packet arrival times, and protocol behavior-AI models can detect subtle deviations that indicate a malicious exploit.
For example,Cisco Secure Network Analytics(formerly Stealthwatch) andEncrypted Threat Analytics (ETA)use ML to identify the cryptographic "fingerprints" of malware even within encrypted traffic, without the need for decryption. This allows the security infrastructure to identify and mitigate threats at the moment they appear, rather than waiting for a vendor to release a signature. While load balancing (Option B), traffic shaping (Option C), and Quality of Service (Option D) are critical for network performance and availability, they are traditional traffic engineering functions that do not inherently provide the advanced threat detection capabilities offered by AI-driven security models. Within the Cisco SDSI objectives, AI is positioned as the primary technology for achieving proactive visibility and reducing the "Mean Time to Detect" (MTTD) for previously unseen vulnerabilities.
問題 #39
A retail company is facing a series of cyberattacks targeting the web servers, which results in disruptions to the online services. Upon investigation, the security team identified that these attacks involved invalid HTTP request headers, which were used to exploit vulnerabilities in the web application. To safeguard the company websites against similar threats in the future, the security team must deploy a security solution specifically designed to detect and block such malicious web traffic. Which security product must be used to protect the websites from similar attacks?
答案:B
解題說明:
A Web Application Firewall (WAF) is specifically designed to protect web servers and applications against attacks such as malformed HTTP requests, invalid headers, and injection attempts. By inspecting HTTP traffic, it blocks malicious requests before they reach the application, safeguarding the company's websites from similar disruptions.
問題 #40
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