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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Planning and Initiating an Audit | - Audit program and planning activities
|
| Fundamentals of Information Security Auditing | - Audit principles based on ISO 19011
|
| Information Security Management System (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 | - ISO/IEC 27001 requirements (Clauses 4–10)
|
| Closing the Audit | - Audit reporting and follow-up
|
| Conducting an Audit | - Audit execution
|
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NEW QUESTION # 287
問題：
根據 ISO/IEC 27001 第 5.1 條(領導與承諾)，下列何者不屬於最高管理階層的職責？
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:
ISO/IEC 27001 Clause 5.1 (Leadership and Commitment) defines top management's role in ensuring the effectiveness of the Information Security Management System (ISMS). It requires top management to:
* Ensure the availability of resources for the ISMS (Correct Responsibility).
* Promote continual improvement of the ISMS (Correct Responsibility).
* Direct and support employees to contribute to ISMS effectiveness (Correct Responsibility).
B). Conducting regular internal audits - Incorrect Responsibility:
* Internal audits are not a direct responsibility of top management. Instead, Clause 9.2 (Internal Audit) requires audits to be conducted independently of management.
* Top management is responsible for ensuring audits are conducted but does not need to conduct them personally.
Thus, top management is responsible for oversight and support but not for conducting internal audits themselves.
Relevant Standard Reference:
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Clause 5.1 (Leadership and Commitment)
* ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Clause 9.2 (Internal Audit)
NEW QUESTION # 288
您詢問IT經理，既然個人資料加密和匿名化測試失敗，為什麼組織仍然繼續使用該行動應用程式。此外，您也詢問服務經理是否有權批准測試。
IT經理解釋說，根據軟體安全管理流程，測試結果需要他批准。加密和匿名化功能失敗的原因是這些功能嚴重降低了系統和服務效能，需要額外150%的資源來彌補。服務經理認為存取控制已經足夠完善，可以接受，因此簽署了批准文件。
你抽取了一名醫務人員的手機進行測試，發現安裝了ABC公司的醫療保健行動應用，版本號為1.01。你發現1.01版本沒有測試記錄。
IT經理解釋說，由於勒索軟體攻擊頻繁發生，外包的行動應用開發公司對測試軟體進行了一次免費的小版本更新，緊急發布了更新後的軟體，並口頭保證不會對任何安全功能造成影響。
根據他20年的資訊安全經驗，沒有必要重新測試。
您正在準備審計結果。請選擇兩個正確的選項。
* 不存在任何不符合項 (NC)。 IT 經理已證明其完全勝任該項工作。 (與第 7.2 條相關)
Answer: A,E
Explanation:
According to ISO 27001:2022 Annex A Control 8.30, the organisation shall ensure that externally provided processes, products or services that are relevant to the information security management system are controlled. This includes developing and entering into licensing agreements that cover code ownership and intellectual property rights, and implementing appropriate contractual requirements related to secure design and coding in accordance with Annex A 8.25 and 8.2912 In this case, the organisation and the developer have performed security tests that failed, which indicates that the secure design and coding requirements of Annex A 8.29 were not met. The IT Manager explains that the encryption and pseudonymization functions failed because they slowed down the system and service performance, and that an extra 150% of resources are needed to cover this. However, this does not justify the acceptance of the test results by the Service Manager, who is not authorised to approve the test according to the software security management procedure. The Service Manager should have consulted with the IT Manager, who is the owner of the process, and followed the procedure for handling nonconformities and corrective actions. The Service Manager's decision to continue the service based on access control alone exposes the organisation to the risk of compromising the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of personal data processed by the mobile app. Therefore, there is a nonconformity (NC) with clause 8.1, control A.8.30.
According to ISO 27001:2022 Clause 8.1, the organisation shall plan, implement and control the processes needed to meet information security requirements, and to implement the actions determined in Clause
6.1. The organisation shall also control planned changes and review the consequences of unintended changes, taking action to mitigate any adverse effects, as necessary12 In this case, the organisation has not controlled the planned change of the mobile app from version 1.0 to version 1.01, which was a minor update provided by the outsourced developer in response to frequent ransomware attacks. The IT Manager explains that the developer performed an emergency release of the updated software, and gave a verbal guarantee that there will be no impact on any security functions.
However, this is not sufficient to ensure that the change is properly assessed, tested, documented, and approved before deployment. The IT Manager should have followed the change management process and procedure, and verified that the updated software meets the security requirements and does not introduce any new vulnerabilities or risks. The IT Manager's reliance on his 20 years of information security experience and the developer's verbal guarantee is not a valid basis for skipping the re-testing of the software. Therefore, there is a nonconformity (NC) with clause 8.1.
References:
1: ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor (Information Security Management Systems) Course by CQI and IRCA Certified Training 1 2: ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Training Course by PECB 2
NEW QUESTION # 289
您是一位經驗豐富的ISMS審核團隊負責人，正在指導一位正在接受訓練的審核員。她問您，為什麼制定與不符合項分級相關的具體標準很重要。
下列哪一個答案是正確的？
因為分級標準為整個組織內不符合項的評估提供了一個共同的基礎。
Answer: B
Explanation:
The correct response is A, because grading criteria provide a common basis for the evaluation of nonconformities across the organization. Grading criteria are the rules or standards that define the severity or impact of nonconformities, and help to determine the appropriate corrective actions and follow-up activities.
Grading criteria are important for several reasons, such as:
* They ensure consistency and objectivity in the assessment and reporting of nonconformities, and avoid subjective or arbitrary judgments.
* They facilitate the communication and understanding of nonconformities among the auditors, the auditees, and the audit clients, and enable the comparison and benchmarking of nonconformities across different processes, functions, or locations.
* They support the prioritization and allocation of resources for the resolution of nonconformities, and the monitoring and measurement of the effectiveness of the corrective actions.
* They demonstrate the commitment and accountability of the organization to the continual improvement of the ISMS, and the compliance with the ISMS requirements and expectations.
References:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Information technology - Security techniques - Information security management systems - Requirements1 PECB Candidate Handbook ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor2 ISO 27001:2022 Lead Auditor - PECB3 ISO 27001:2022 certified ISMS lead auditor - Jisc4 ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Lead Auditor Transition Training Course5 ISO 27001 - Information Security Lead Auditor Course - PwC Training Academy ISO 19011:2022, Guidelines for auditing management systems
NEW QUESTION # 290
選出最能完整描述審計結果的句子的單字。
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
"An audit finding is the result of the evaluation of the collected audit evidence against audit criteria." The words that best complete the sentence to describe an audit finding are evaluation and evidence. According to ISO 19011:2022, an audit finding is the result of the evaluation of the collected audit evidence against audit criteria12. The other options are either not related to the definition of an audit finding or do not fit the sentence grammatically. References: 1: ISO 19011:2022, Guidelines for auditing management systems, Clause 3.11 \n2: PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Exam Preparation Guide, Domain 5:
Conducting an ISO/IEC 27001 audit
NEW QUESTION # 291
您是經驗豐富的 ISMS 審核團隊領導，指導審核員進行培訓。您決定透過詢問她一系列問題來測試她對後續審核的了解。這是您的問題和她的答案。
她正確回答了您的哪四個問題？
Answer: A,C,D,G
Explanation:
Based on the understanding of follow-up audits, especially in the context of Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) and the guidelines provided by ISO 19011:2018, here are the four questions from your list that the auditor in training has answered correctly:
B: Q: Should follow-up audits seek to ensure nonconformities have been effectively addressed? A: YES This is correct. The primary purpose of follow-up audits is to verify that nonconformities identified in previous audits have been effectively addressed and the corrective actions taken are suitable and effective.
D: Q: Is the purpose of a follow-up audit to verify the completion of corrections, corrective actions, and opportunities for improvement? A: YES Yes, the follow-up audit aims to verify the completion and effectiveness of corrections and corrective actions. It may also consider the implementation of opportunities for improvement identified during the initial audit.
E: Q: Are follow-up audits required for all audits? A: NO This is correct. Follow-up audits are not automatically required for all audits. They are typically conducted when nonconformities or other significant issues were identified in an earlier audit and there's a need to verify the implementation and effectiveness of the corrective actions.
H: Q: Could an outcome from a follow-up audit be another follow-up audit if required? A: YES Yes, this is a possible outcome. If the follow-up audit finds that the corrective actions have not been fully effective, or if new issues are identified, it may be necessary to conduct another follow-up audit.
The other responses provided by the auditor in training require some clarification or correction. For instance, while a follow-up audit primarily focuses on previously identified nonconformities and corrective actions, it can still identify new nonconformities if observed (A). Opportunities for improvement are generally considered in the scope of regular audits more so than in follow-up audits, which are more narrowly focused on corrective actions (C). Also, the outcomes of follow-up audits should typically be reported to both the audit team leader and the audit client (F and G), ensuring transparency and accountability.
The four questions that the auditor in training has answered correctly are B, D, E, and H. These questions and answers are consistent with the definition and purpose of a follow-up audit as specified in ISO 19011:2018, Clause 6.712. A follow-up audit is conducted to verify the completion and effectiveness of corrective actions taken as a result of a previous audit (B, D). Follow-up audits are not mandatory for all audits, but they may be required by the audit program, the audit client, or other interested parties (E). The outcome of a follow-up audit may be another follow-up audit if the corrective actions are not satisfactory or not completed within the agreed time frame (H). The other questions and answers are either incorrect or irrelevant. A follow-up audit should not seek to identify new nonconformities, as this is not its objective (A). Follow-up audits should consider agreed opportunities for improvement as well as corrective actions, as they are both outputs of a previous audit . The outcome of a follow-up audit should be reported to the audit client, as well as to other relevant parties, such as the audit team leader who carried out the previous audit (F, G). References: 1: ISO
19011:2018, Guidelines for auditing management systems, Clause 6.7 \n2: PECB Certified ISO/IEC 27001 Lead Auditor Exam Preparation Guide, Domain 6: Closing an ISO/IEC 27001 audit
NEW QUESTION # 292
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