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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Layouts | - Responsive and Flexible Layouts
|
| Topic 2: Graphics and Animation | - Canvas and SVG
|
| Topic 3: Forms | - HTML5 Forms and Validation
|
| Topic 4: JavaScript Coding | - JavaScript ES6 Development
|
| Topic 5: Application Lifecycle Management | - Application Development Lifecycle
|
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10. Frage
Which JavaScript method is used to draw a circle on a canvas?
Antwort: A
Begründung:
The correct method is arc(). In the Canvas 2D API, circles and circular arcs are drawn by creating an arc path on the canvas rendering context. MDN defines CanvasRenderingContext2D.arc() as creating a circular arc centered at (x, y) with a specified radius, start angle, end angle, and drawing direction. To draw a full circle, the common pattern is to call beginPath(), then arc(x, y, radius, 0, 2 * Math.PI), and then use stroke() or fill() to render the path. There is no standard Canvas 2D method named circle(), so option A is invalid. ellipse() can draw ellipses and can mathematically draw a circle if both radii are equal, but the classic and exam-targeted method for drawing a circle is arc(). bezierCurveTo() draws cubic Bezier curves and is used for custom curved paths, not the direct circle primitive. References/topics: Canvas 2D context, arc() method, drawing circles, radians, path rendering.
11. Frage
Which two code segments declare a JavaScript method? Choose 2.
Antwort: B,C
Begründung:
The correct selections are C and D because both declare a function as a property of an object, which is the defining characteristic of a JavaScript method. MDN describes a method as a function associated with an object, or more specifically, an object property whose value is a function. In option C, Score: function() { ... } is object-literal syntax. It defines a property named Score whose value is an executable function, so that property behaves as a method of the object. In option D, this.Score = function() { ... } assigns a function to the Score property of the current object instance. MDN notes that this is commonly used inside object methods to refer to the object the method is attached to. Option B does not declare a method; it calls Score() and assigns the return value. Option A is only an incomplete or ordinary variable declaration and does not create a function-valued object property. References/topics: JavaScript objects, custom classes, methods, function expressions, this.
12. Frage
A local photographer asks you to add filters as shown to the images in their photo gallery so that the images are not recognizable until authorized users log in.
Example of original and filtered images:
* Original image: full-color flower image
* Filtered image: blurred grayscale image
Analyze the images on the left.
Construct a CSS selector that will apply the appropriate filters to the images to meet the requirements.
Complete the markup by moving the appropriate HTML tags from the list on the left to the correct locations on the right. You may use each HTML tag once, more than once, or not at all.
Note: There is more than one correct markup. You will receive credit for any correct markup completion.
Antwort:
Begründung:
Explanation:
First blank: img
Second blank: filter:
Third blank: grayscale(100%)
Fourth blank: blur(8px)
The correct CSS selector is img because the requirement applies the visual effect to gallery images. The correct property is filter:, not transform:, because CSS filters modify the rendered appearance of an element using image-processing effects such as blur, grayscale, opacity, brightness, contrast, and shadows. The filtered sample appears blurred and colorless, so the appropriate filter functions are grayscale(100%) and blur (8px). grayscale(100%) removes all color from the image, converting it to a black-and-white rendering. blur (8px) obscures visual details, making the image difficult to recognize until the protected or authorized state changes the styling. The filter keyword without a colon is not a valid CSS declaration in this context.
brightness(40%) and opacity(50%) could further obscure an image, but they are not required to reproduce the shown filtered result. The final declaration is therefore filter: grayscale(100%) blur(8px);.
13. Frage
You create an interface for a touch-enabled application. You discover that some of the input buttons do not trigger when you tap them on the screen. You need to identify the cause of the problem. What are two possible causes? Choose 2.
Antwort: A,C
Begründung:
The two likely causes are undersized touch targets and overlapping input regions. Touch input is less spatially precise than mouse input because the contact area of a finger is larger and less exact than a pointer cursor.
Microsoft's touch-target guidance states that interactive UI elements must be large enough for users to access accurately, and recommends a target size around 7.5 mm square, approximately 40 × 40 pixels on a 135 PPI display. Earlier Microsoft touch-design guidance similarly emphasizes that controls must be appropriately sized for touch and identifies approximately 9 mm as a minimum targeting area. Therefore, small input buttons may fail to trigger because the user is not actually hitting the active target area. Overlap is also a valid cause: when two active regions occupy the same physical screen area, hit testing may route the touch to a different element, or the effective target area may be reduced. W3C accessibility guidance explicitly treats overlapping targets as reducing measurable target size unless the overlapping controls perform the same action. Event handlers themselves are not the defect; they are the normal mechanism for processing input.
"Touch screen not initialized" is not a standard HTML5 application cause. References/topics: touch input, event handling, hit testing, target size, overlapping controls.
14. Frage
You have created custom error messages for a form. When a user attempts to submit the form with invalid data, the following must occur:
* The data must remain in the form.
* Error messages must be displayed.
Which Event property or method should you use?
Antwort: C
Begründung:
The correct method is preventDefault(). In an HTML form submission workflow, the browser's default action is to submit the form, which commonly navigates away from the current page or reloads it. Calling event.
preventDefault() inside the form's submit event handler cancels that default action, allowing the current form state to remain visible while custom validation logic displays error messages. MDN defines preventDefault() as the method that cancels the default action normally taken by the implementation for that event. The submit event is the correct event context because it fires when the form submission is triggered. defaultPrevented is only a Boolean property indicating whether cancellation has already occurred; it does not cancel anything.
cancelable only reports whether an event can be canceled. abort is not the correct form-validation event method. References/topics: HTML5 form validation, custom validation messages, submit event handling, event cancellation, preserving user input.
15. Frage
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