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質問 # 118
Discovering and documenting metadata about physical data assets provides:
正解：D
解説：
Discovering and documenting metadata about physical data assets provides visibility into how data moves and is transformed between systems. This is a core function of technical metadata and data lineage.
DAMA-DMBOK2 states that technical metadata describes the technical characteristics of data, the systems that store it, and the processes that move it within and between systems. Examples include physical table and column names, ETL job information, source-to-target mappings, and lineage documentation with upstream and downstream impact information. The certification question therefore points directly to option D; the same interpretation is independently reflected in published CDMP-oriented material.
This capability is critical to Data Quality because a defect observed in a report or downstream application may not originate in the current system. It may have been introduced through extraction logic, transformation rules, reference-data conversion, aggregation, or loading.
Documented physical metadata allows analysts to trace the affected value backward, identify its source, inspect each transformation, and isolate the point at which the defect occurred. It also supports change-impact analysis: modifying a source field or mapping can reveal which downstream assets may be affected.
Metadata therefore provides the evidence required for systematic root-cause analysis rather than symptom- based correction.
Reference Topics: DAMA-DMBOK2 Metadata Management - Technical Metadata; Source-to-Target Mapping; Data Lineage; Data Integration and Interoperability; Chapter 13 - Root-Cause Analysis and Quality Monitoring.
質問 # 119
The ethics of data handling, center on several core concepts. They are:
正解：A
解説：
DAMA-DMBOK2 organizes Data Handling Ethics around three fundamental considerations: impact on people, potential for misuse, and the economic value of data. The text explains that data frequently represents individuals and is used in decisions that materially affect them; consequently, organizations have an ethical responsibility to ensure that data is reliable and appropriately managed. It also recognizes that data can be intentionally or unintentionally misused and that its economic value creates questions concerning ownership, access, rights, and permitted use.
These concepts directly intersect with Data Quality. Incorrect or misleading data may result in decisions that adversely affect customers, employees, patients, citizens, or other stakeholders. For that reason, accuracy, completeness, transparency, provenance, and appropriate interpretation are not merely technical characteristics-they can have ethical consequences.
Governance operationalizes these ethical principles through policies, decision rights, stewardship responsibilities, access rules, monitoring, and escalation procedures. Metadata Management supports transparency by documenting meaning, provenance, classification, and permitted use. Master Data Management also has an ethical dimension because consolidated person or customer records may create significant consequences when matching or identity-resolution errors occur.
Privacy and security are important controls, but they do not constitute DAMA's complete set of core ethical concepts.
Reference Topics: DAMA-DMBOK2 Chapter 2 - Data Handling Ethics; Impact on People; Potential for Misuse; Economic Value of Data; Chapter 13 - Accuracy, Reliability and Governance.
質問 # 120
Which of the following is a reason why organisations do not dispose of non-value-adding information?
正解：A
解説：
The correct answer is storage is cheap and easily expanded. DAMA-DMBOK2 discusses retention and disposal as important lifecycle-management responsibilities. Although information that no longer provides business, legal, regulatory, historical, or evidentiary value should normally be disposed of according to approved retention policies, organizations often postpone disposal because modern storage appears inexpensive and technically easy to expand.
This reasoning is deceptive. The acquisition cost of storage is only one component of total information- management cost. Retaining unnecessary information also increases backup requirements, recovery time, discovery obligations, privacy exposure, security risk, metadata-management effort, migration complexity, and the volume of information that must be governed. DMBOK2 therefore stresses that non-value-adding information should not be retained merely because storage capacity is readily available.
From a Data Quality perspective, excessive retention also increases the population of obsolete, redundant, and potentially inconsistent information. This makes profiling, lineage analysis, master-data reconciliation, and authoritative-source identification more difficult.
A sound governance program consequently combines retention schedules, legal requirements, metadata classification, defensible disposal procedures, and clear accountability so that data is retained for legitimate reasons rather than technological convenience.
Reference Topics: DAMA-DMBOK2 - Document and Content Management; Retention and Disposal; Information Lifecycle; Data Governance; Chapter 13 - Data Quality and Obsolete Data.
質問 # 121
According to the ISO/IEC 42010:2007 Software and Systems Engineering -Architecture Description, which of the following describes the definition of architecture:
正解：B
解説：
The correct definition is the fundamental organisation of a system, and the principles governing its design and evolution. DAMA-DMBOK2 incorporates the ISO/IEC 42010 architectural concept when establishing the theoretical basis for Data Architecture.
The fuller ISO formulation describes architecture in terms of the fundamental organization of a system embodied in its components, their relationships to one another and to the environment, together with the principles governing design and evolution. DAMA uses this concept to distinguish true architecture from a collection of diagrams or implementation specifications.
Option E is therefore incomplete: architectural artifacts document architecture, but the artifacts themselves are not the architecture. Option C focuses too narrowly on implementation and maintenance, while options B and D describe potential objectives or constraints rather than the definition.
Applied to enterprise data, this means architecture establishes the high-level organization of data assets, information flows, platforms, relationships, and guiding principles by which the data environment evolves.
Data Quality benefits because architectural principles establish where authoritative information originates, how it moves, how duplication is controlled, and where governance and quality controls must operate.
Reference Topics: DAMA-DMBOK2 Chapter 4 - Architecture Definition; ISO/IEC 42010; Enterprise Data Architecture; Architectural Principles; Chapter 13 - Quality by Design.
質問 # 122
A Data Quality score is calculated from Completeness, Accuracy, and Timeliness. Why might the dimensions be weighted differently?
正解：A
解説：
Dimensions may be weighted differently because their business impact is not necessarily equal for a particular dataset or process.
For an emergency-response system, Timeliness may be more critical than completeness of optional descriptive fields. For regulatory reporting, Accuracy and Integrity may carry substantially greater risk than minor delays. For a marketing contact list, completeness and currency may dominate.
A composite Data Quality score should therefore reflect business priorities rather than assuming that each dimension contributes identical value. Weighting must be transparent and governed; otherwise a high score in low-impact dimensions could hide serious failure in a critical one.
The first step remains defining business requirements and Critical Data Elements. Once those are established, dimensions, thresholds, and weights can be linked to documented business consequences.
A score should also retain underlying component metrics. A single aggregate percentage is insufficient for diagnosis because two datasets with the same overall score may have very different risk profiles.
Reference Topics: DAMA-DMBOK2 Chapter 13 - Metrics; Scorecards; Business Impact; Critical Data Elements; Quality Dimensions; Thresholds.
質問 # 123
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