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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Audit Principles and Standards | - ISO 19011 guidelines for auditing management systems - Audit principles, ethics, and auditor competencies |
| ISO 14001 Requirements | - Leadership and environmental policy - Support and operational control - Planning (risks, opportunities, environmental aspects) - Performance evaluation and continual improvement |
| Audit Reporting and Follow-up | - Corrective actions and follow-up audits - Audit report preparation - Nonconformity identification and classification |
| Audit Execution | - Opening meeting and audit communication - Interview techniques and sampling methods - Collecting and verifying audit evidence |
| Environmental Management Systems (EMS) Principles | - Fundamental EMS concepts and terminology - ISO 14001 structure and PDCA model - Context of the organization and interested parties |
| Audit Planning and Preparation | - Audit program and audit plan development - Document review and checklist preparation |
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問題 #13
When an organisation needs to determine the resources required for the internal audit programme, which one of the following issues does not impact the achievement of its intended results?
答案：B
解題說明：
Under ISO 19011:2018 Clause 5.4.5 (Determining audit programme resources), the individual(s) managing the audit programme must allocate appropriate resources to ensure the execution and achievement of the programme ' s intended objectives. Standard resource considerations include logistics, auditor competence, infrastructure, and access to relevant documentation.
Option D is correct because the " availability of the results of previous management reviews " is an input used to establish audit priorities, scope, and risk-based planning-not a operational resource constraint that restricts or impacts the capacity to execute the audit programme itself.
Conversely, Option A directly impacts resources because lack of access to documented information (e.g., procedures, records, or digital archives) hinders evidence collection and auditor efficiency. Option B represents a fundamental resource requirement, as the availability of qualified auditors and specialized technical experts determines audit feasibility and coverage. Option C is a critical logistical resource consideration, especially for global or multi-site organizations, as operating across different time zones affects scheduling, auditor travel/shift allocation, and communication infrastructure during remote or on-site auditing activities.
References: ISO 19011:2018 Clause 5.4.5 (Determining audit programme resources), Clause 5.4.2 (Establishing audit programme objectives), and CQI-IRCA ISO 14001 Lead Auditor Curriculum (Audit Programme Resource Allocation).
問題 #14
A chemical organisation has a plant at which they have to clean several vessels 4-5 times per day, and during the process, they release for 5-10 minutes some water vapor with a strong acid smell.
You are the audit team leader and are auditing the plant, as part of a second-stage initial certification audit.
When auditing the environmental aspects register, you see that the emission of that acid vapor has not been evaluated as a significant aspect. You raise a nonconformity.
At the closing meeting, only two people are present: the Health & Safety supervisor and a sales analyst, neither of whom has participated in the audit.
You: Good evening, could you please inform the managers that we are ready to start with the closing meeting?
H & S Supervisor: Good evening. We are sorry to inform you that the Sales Manager was involved in a serious car accident, and the General Manager and the Environmental Manager have had to leave urgently to attend the emergency.
Sales Analyst: They have asked us to listen to what you need to say and to sign whatever we need to sign.
However, the Environmental Manager said that he will not accept the nonconformity related to the acid smell and requests you not to include it in the audit report. Here is a note in which he explains why.
Which one of the following would be your preferred response to the final comment made by the Sales Analyst?
答案：B
解題說明：
In accordance with ISO 19011:2018 Clause 6.4.9 (Conducting the closing meeting) and ISO/IEC 17021-1 Clause 9.4.7, the lead auditor is responsible for presenting audit conclusions and findings clearly. When diverging opinions or objections arise regarding an audit finding, the audit team leader must attempt to resolve the disagreement based on objective evidence; if unresolved, the auditee ' s objection or dissenting opinion must be explicitly documented within the final audit report.
Option D is correct because the lead auditor must maintain audit independence, uphold the evidence-based finding, and fulfill reporting requirements by including the nonconformity in the final audit report while formally noting the Environmental Manager ' s written concern or objection.
Option A is incorrect because delaying the formal presentation or audit reporting workflow to seek informal phone calls undermines established closing meeting procedures. Option B is incorrect because compromising or altering nonconformity wording without new objective evidence violates audit integrity principles. Option C is incorrect because the audit team leader possesses the delegated authority to finalize audit findings without suspending the audit process to seek instructions from certification body management.
References: ISO 19011:2018 Clause 6.4.9 (Closing meeting), ISO/IEC 17021-1:2015 Clause 9.4.7 (Audit report content), and CQI-IRCA ISO 14001 Lead Auditor Curriculum (Closing Meeting Protocols and Unresolved Disputes).
問題 #15
Which one of the following does not indicate the outcome of a finding in an audit?
答案：B
問題 #16
A group of 22 Italian restaurants in downtown San Francisco (US) established an EMS following the requirements of ISO 14001. You are performing an internal audit before the fourth certification cycle. The audit plan included an audit of the General Manager (GM) as the last interview before the closing meeting.
During the interview with the GM, you audit clause 10.3 (Continual improvement). The dialogue is as follows.
You: Could you please tell me how did you improve the EMS to enhance environmental performance (Clause
10.3)?
GM: One way to improve the EMS is to improve one or several of its processes. We decided to improve the water-consuming processes in all our branches. We use water in many of our processes (e.g. to wash our kitchens, our cutlery, plates, and glasses, to keep our floors clean). The idea was to review these processes in detail to reduce the amount of water used per customer. Each of the 22 branches sent us their results, we analysed the data and found out that the average water consumption per customer was reduced by 13%; therefore, we improved our environmental performance. We are happy about that.
You: What about the results in each branch?
GM: Have a look at this table:
Analysing this table, what would be your decision related to raising nonconformities to clause 10.3? Select two.
答案：B,E
問題 #17
A management system meeting ISO 14001:2015 requirements is based on the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle.
Which two elements of the management system are part of the 'Check' stage of the PDCA cycle?
答案：B,E
解題說明：
As per ISO 14001:2015 Clause 10 (Improvement) and Clause 9 (Performance Evaluation):
The 'Check' phase includes activities that evaluate performance, such as:
Clause 9.1:
"The organization shall monitor, measure, analyze and evaluate its environmental performance." Clause 10.2:
"When a nonconformity occurs, the organization shall react to the nonconformity, evaluate the need for corrective action." Management review is part of the 'Act' phase (Clause 9.3), and Environmental Policy (Clause 5.2) belongs to
'Plan'.
Reference: ISO 14001:2015 Clauses 9.1, 10.2, 9.3, 5.2.
問題 #18
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