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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Cryptography | 5% | - Cryptanalysis & Attacks - Encryption Concepts & Algorithms - Public Key Infrastructure - Cryptography in Practice |
| Web Server & Application Attacks | 8% | - Web Application Attacks: XSS, CSRF - Web Server Vulnerabilities - Web Security Countermeasures - API Security Risks - SQL Injection & Command Injection |
| Sniffing | 5% | - Sniffing Tools & Techniques - Sniffing Countermeasures - MITM Attacks - Packet Sniffing Concepts |
| Vulnerability Analysis | 8% | - Vulnerability Research & Databases - Scanning & Analysis Tools - Vulnerability Classification & Scoring - Vulnerability Assessment Lifecycle |
| Cloud Computing | 5% | - Cloud Security Risks - Cloud Security Best Practices - Cloud Models & Services - AWS, Azure, GCP Attacks |
| Footprinting and Reconnaissance | 7% | - DNS, WHOIS, Network Mapping - Reconnaissance Concepts - Reconnaissance Countermeasures - OSINT Techniques |
| Evading IDS, Firewalls, and Honeypots | 5% | - Honeypot Concepts & Detection - Evasion Techniques - IDS, IPS, Firewall Technologies |
| Introduction to Ethical Hacking | 5% | - Cyber Kill Chain & MITRE ATT&CK - Legal and Ethical Compliance - Information Security Concepts - Ethical Hacking Methodology |
| Session Hijacking | 4% | - Session Hijacking Concepts - Countermeasures - Hijacking Techniques - Application & Network Level Hijacking |
| System Hacking | 8% | - Maintaining Access - Clearing Tracks & Logs - Privilege Escalation - Gaining Access: Password Attacks |
| Mobile Platforms | 4% | - Android & iOS Vulnerabilities - Mobile Device Security - Mobile Attack Vectors |
| Scanning Networks | 8% | - Scanning Beyond IDS/Firewall - AI-Assisted Scanning - Network Scanning Basics - Service & OS Fingerprinting - Scanning Countermeasures - Host & Port Discovery |
| Denial-of-Service | 4% | - DoS & DDoS Concepts - Attack Techniques & Botnets - DDoS Tools - Defense Mechanisms |
| Malware Threats | 7% | - Malware Types: Trojans, Viruses, Worms - AI-Powered Malware - APT & Fileless Malware - Malware Analysis & Countermeasures |
| Wireless Networks | 5% | - Security Best Practices - Wireless Hacking Tools - Wireless Threats & Attacks - Wireless Encryption: WEP, WPA2, WPA3 |
| Enumeration | 7% | - DNS, SMTP, NFS Enumeration - Enumeration Concepts - NetBIOS, SNMP, LDAP Enumeration - AI-Driven Enumeration - Enumeration Countermeasures |
| IoT & OT Security | 4% | - Attacks on IoT & OT Systems - IoT/OT Architecture & Risks - Security Controls |
| Social Engineering | 6% | - Phishing, Pretexting, Baiting - Social Engineering Concepts - Identity Theft - Countermeasures & Awareness |
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NEW QUESTION # 358
A well-resourced attacker intends to launch a highly disruptive DDoS attack against a major online retailer.
The attacker aims to exhaust all the network resources while keeping their identity concealed. Their method should be resistant to simple defensive measures such as IP-based blocking. Based on these objectives, which of the following attack strategies would be most effective?
Answer: A
Explanation:
A Pulse Wave attack is a type of DDoS attack that uses a botnet to send high-volume traffic pulses at regular intervals, typically lasting for a few minutes each. The attacker can adjust the frequency and duration of the pulses to maximize the impact and evade detection. A Pulse Wave attack can exhaust the network resources of the target, as well as the resources of any DDoS mitigation service that the target may use. A Pulse Wave attack can also conceal the attacker's identity, as the traffic originates from multiple sources that are part of the botnet. A Pulse Wave attack can bypass simple defensive measures, such as IP-based blocking, as the traffic can appear legitimate and vary in source IP addresses.
The other options are less effective or feasible for the attacker's objectives. A protocol-based SYN flood attack is a type of DDoS attack that exploits the TCP handshake process by sending a large number of SYN requests to the target server, without completing the connection. This consumes the connection state tables on the server, preventing it from accepting new connections. However, a SYN flood attack can be easily detected and mitigated by using SYN cookies or firewalls. A SYN flood attack can also expose the attacker's identity, as the source IP addresses of the SYN requests can be traced back to the attacker. An ICMP flood attack is a type of DDoS attack that sends a large number of ICMP packets, such as ping requests, to the target server, overwhelming its ICMP processing capacity. However, an ICMP flood attack from a single IP can be easily blocked by using IP-based filtering or disabling ICMP responses. An ICMP flood attack can also reveal the attacker's identity, as the source IP address of the ICMP packets can be identified. A volumetric flood attack is a type of DDoS attack that sends a large amount of traffic to the target server, saturating its network bandwidth and preventing legitimate users from accessing it. However, a volumetric flood attack using a single compromised machine may not be sufficient to overwhelm the network bandwidth of a major online retailer, as the attacker's machine may have limited bandwidth itself. A volumetric flood attack can also be detected and mitigated by using traffic shaping or rate limiting techniques. References:
* Pulse Wave DDoS Attacks: What You Need to Know
* DDoS Attack Prevention: 7 Effective Mitigation Strategies
* DDoS Attack Types: Glossary of Terms
* DDoS Attacks: What They Are and How to Protect Yourself
* DDoS Attack Prevention: How to Protect Your Website
NEW QUESTION # 359
You are conducting a security audit at a government agency. During your walkthrough, you observe a temporary contractor sitting in an open office area using their smartphone to discreetly record employees as they enter passwords into their systems. Upon further investigation, you find discarded documents in a nearby trash bin containing sensitive project information. What type of attack is most likely being performed?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The attacker is observing and collecting sensitive information without directly interacting with or altering systems, capturing data covertly through recording and discarded documents. This behavior aligns with a passive attack, where the goal is information gathering rather than system disruption.
NEW QUESTION # 360
Nathan is testing some of his network devices. Nathan is using Macof to try and flood the ARP cache of these switches.
If these switches' ARP cache is successfully flooded, what will be the result?
Answer: D
Explanation:
When a switch's ARP cache is flooded using a tool like Macof (from the Dsniff suite), it overwhelms the device's MAC address table, which stores port-to-MAC mappings.
If the table overflows:
The switch can no longer associate MAC addresses with specific ports.
It fails open and begins forwarding frames out all ports - just like a hub.
This degrades the switch's functionality and allows attackers to sniff traffic on segments that should otherwise be isolated.
From CEH v13 Courseware:
Module 8: Sniffing # Switch-based Attacks
Reference:CEH v13 Study Guide - Module 8: ARP Flooding and MAC Table PoisoningTool Reference:
Macof (Dsniff Suite)
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NEW QUESTION # 361
In both pharming and phishing attacks, an attacker can create websites that look similar to legitimate sites with the intent of collecting personal identifiable information from its victims.
What is the difference between pharming and phishing attacks?
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION # 362
At a cybersecurity consultancy firm in Boston, senior analyst Amanda Liu is called in to assess a malware outbreak affecting a regional healthcare provider. Despite using updated antivirus tools, the security team notices inconsistent detection across infected endpoints. Amanda discovers that while the malicious behavior is consistent system file tampering and suspicious outbound traffic each malware sample has a slightly different code structure and fails traditional hash-based comparison. Static analysis reveals that the underlying logic remains unchanged, but the code patterns vary unpredictably across infections. What type of virus is most likely responsible for this behavior?
Answer: A
Explanation:
The malware exhibits consistent behavior while altering its code structure across infections to evade signature-based detection. This is characteristic of a polymorphic virus, which changes its code pattern while maintaining the same underlying functionality.
NEW QUESTION # 363
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