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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Topic 1: Privilege Escalation | 25% | - Entra ID role and permission abuse - Key Vault and secret management misconfigurations - Service Principal and App Registration attacks - Managed Identity exploitation |
| Topic 2: Initial Access | 20% | - Token and session abuse - Password spraying and credential stuffing - Consent phishing and application abuse - Exposed secrets and configuration flaws |
| Topic 3: Lateral Movement & Tenant Compromise | 20% | - Cross-resource and subscription hopping - Compute, storage, and network pivoting - Hybrid identity and on-prem integration abuse - API and Azure management endpoint exploitation |
| Topic 4: Post-Exploitation & Persistence | 15% | - Maintaining persistent access - Defense evasion in Azure environment - Data collection and exfiltration techniques - Full attack chain demonstration |
| Topic 5: Reconnaissance & Enumeration | 20% | - Entra ID (Azure AD) enumeration - DNS, endpoints, and exposed services mapping - Azure tenant and domain enumeration - Azure resource discovery |
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NEW QUESTION # 21
During App Service enumeration, you discover that the compromised user can read App Service application settings. Find the hidden flag stored in the application settings.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Answer in Explanation below.
Explanation:
Flag{app_settings_should_not_store_secrets}
Detailed Solution:
Query App Service settings:
az webapp config appsettings list \
--name finance-reporting-api \
--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \
--output json
Search for suspicious keys:
az webapp config appsettings list \
--name finance-reporting-api \
--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \
--query " [?contains(name, ' FLAG ' ) || contains(name, ' Flag ' ) || contains(name, ' SECRET ' )] " \
--output table
Expected output:
Name SlotSetting Value
---------- ------------- ----------------------------------------
APP_FLAG False Flag{app_settings_should_not_store_secrets}
The flag is:
Flag{app_settings_should_not_store_secrets}
NEW QUESTION # 22
A storage account allows public blob access. Enumerate containers and identify the public container that exposes backup files.
Answer:
Explanation:
See the Answer in Explanation below.
Explanation:
public-backups
Detailed Solution:
Try listing containers using Azure CLI:
az storage container list \
--account-name prodreportstore01 \
--auth-mode login \
--output table
If anonymous access is allowed, test via blob endpoint:
az storage blob list \
--account-name prodreportstore01 \
--container-name public-backups \
--auth-mode key \
--output table
In a lab, you can also test the public URL pattern:
https://prodreportstore01.blob.core.windows.net/public-backups/
Expected exposed container:
public-backups
Final answer:
public-backups
NEW QUESTION # 23
Using the previously gained access to the Azure environment, extract an access token from the Web App's environment and use it to impersonate its Managed Identity. Which of the following roles is assigned to the Web App's Security Principal?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Detailed Solution:
First identify the managed identity attached to the Web App.
az webapp identity show \
--name RnD-Tools \
--resource-group Excalibur-Resources \
--output json
You should see a user-assigned managed identity similar to:
{
" userAssignedIdentities " : {
" /subscriptions/7403ec86-c39d-4d80-9efa-35c7580ecefa/resourceGroups/Excalibur-Resources/providers
/Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/WebAppTokenIdentity " : {
" clientId " : " cf3664d4-5cec-4feb-b0ef-88b7958809df " ,
" principalId " : " efe89e83-010f-42f6-9576-30531fa47af7 "
}
}
}
Now query the role assignments for the managed identity's principal ID:
az role assignment list \
--assignee efe89e83-010f-42f6-9576-30531fa47af7 \
--all \
--output table
The returned custom role is:
AppService-Auditor
That makes option D correct.
Final answer:
D). AppService-Auditor
NEW QUESTION # 24
A virtual machine has a system-assigned managed identity. From the VM shell, which Azure CLI command authenticates using that identity?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Detailed Solution:
On an Azure VM with a system-assigned managed identity, run:
az login --identity
Then verify:
az account show
For a user-assigned managed identity, specify the client ID:
az login --identity --client-id < client-id >
Microsoft's Azure CLI documentation confirms az login --identity for system-assigned managed identities and --client-id, --object-id, or --resource-id for user-assigned identities.
Correct answer:
B). az login --identity
NEW QUESTION # 25
You are reviewing Azure Activity Logs after a lab compromise. Which operation indicates that an attacker reset another user's password through Microsoft Entra ID?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Detailed Solution:
In an Entra ID abuse path, a privileged user such as User Administrator may reset another user's password. In logs, this appears as a user update operation involving the password profile.
Check audit logs in the portal:
Microsoft Entra ID # Monitoring # Audit logs
Or query via Microsoft Graph/Azure tooling depending on permissions.
The activity to look for is generally:
Update user
Modified property: passwordProfile
The other options represent different activities:
Microsoft.Authorization/roleAssignments/write = RBAC role assignment change Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/listKeys/action = storage account key retrieval Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults/secrets/read = Key Vault secret read Correct answer:
B). Update user / password profile modification
NEW QUESTION # 26
......
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