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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: Understand inventory control and management | - Inventory classification and control methods - Storage and warehousing principles - Demand forecasting and planning |
| Topic 2: Understand the legal and regulatory requirements | - Environmental and sustainability considerations - Health and safety regulations - Contractual and warranty obligations |
| Topic 3: Understand the concept of whole-life asset management | - Define asset management and its role in procurement - Identify key stakeholders in asset management - Explain the whole-life cost approach |
| Topic 4: Understand the financial aspects of whole-life asset management | - Total cost of ownership calculations - Budgeting and forecasting for assets - Financial justification and business case development |
| Topic 5: Understand the role of technology in asset management | - Emerging technologies in asset management - Asset tracking and monitoring systems - Data management and analytics |
| Topic 6: Understand the key elements of whole-life asset management | - Acquisition and procurement strategies - Disposal and end-of-life considerations - Operation and maintenance planning |
調査によると、当社の高く評価されているL4M7テスト問題の成功は、簡単に操作できる練習システムへの尽力によるものです。候補者から受け取ったフィードバックのほとんどは、L4M7ガイド急流が優れたプラクティスとシステムを実装しているという事実を示しています。また、当社のL4M7試験ダンプでは、鮮明な例と正確なチャートを追加して、直面する可能性のある例外的なケースを刺激しています。 L4M7テストの質問に頼ることができます。成功するために最善を尽くします。
質問 # 168
Toll Group has thousands of end-of-life IT assets that need to be disposed of. The senior manage-ment of Toll Group is largely concerned about sustainability in waste management, especially electronic waste. Before selecting a supplier to manage the process, the procurement team is required to assess the environmental risks regarding disposal of the assets. Risk assessment is basically based on the measurement of which factors?
1. Impact
2. Reward
3. Surveillance
4. Likelihood
正解：B
解説：
All risk management processes follow the same basic steps, although sometimes different jargon is used to describe these steps. Together these 5 risk management process steps combine to deliver a simple and effective risk management process.
Step 1: Identify the Risk. You and your team uncover, recognize and describe risks that might affect your project or its outcomes. There are a number of techniques you can use to find project risks. During this step you start to prepare your Project Risk Register.
Step 2: Analyze the risk. Once risks are identified you determine the likelihood and consequence of each risk.
You develop an understanding of the nature of the risk and its potential to affect pro-ject goals and objectives.
This information is also input to your Project Risk Register.
Step 3: Evaluate or Rank the Risk. You evaluate or rank the risk by determining the risk magni-tude, which is the combination of likelihood and consequence. You make decisions about whether the risk is acceptable or whether it is serious enough to warrant treatment. These risk rankings are also added to your Project Risk Register.
Step 4: Treat the Risk. This is also referred to as Risk Response Planning. During this step you assess your highest ranked risks and set out a plan to treat or modify these risks to achieve acceptable risk levels. How can you minimize the probability of the negative risks as well as enhancing the opportunities? You create risk mitigation strategies, preventive plans and contingency plans in this step. And you add the risk treatment measures for the highest ranking or most serious risks to your Project Risk Register.
Step 5: Monitor and Review the risk. This is the step where you take your Project Risk Register and use it to monitor, track and review risks.
Reference:
- What are the 5 Risk Management Steps in a Sound Risk Management Process?
- CIPS study guide page 192-193
LO 3, AC 3.3
質問 # 169
XYZ Ltd is a highly profitable leading industrial distributor with over 60,000 products and an enviable record for customer service. After undertaking preliminary discussions it was decided to analyse the value-adding activities that contribute to XYZ's flagship products. The company is conducting which of the following activities?
正解：C
解説：
According to Hines and Rich, value stream refers to specific parts of the firms that actually add value to the specific product or service under consideration. XYZ Ltd is mapping the value stream by analysing the value-adding activities that contribute to their most important product.
Postponement is a business strategy which maximizes possible benefit and minimizes risk by delaying further investment into a product or service until the last possible moment. An example of this strategy is Dell Computers' build-to-order online store. One of the earliest references to the concept was in a paper by Zinn and Bowersox in the Journal of Business Logistics. They highlighted five types: Labelling, Packaging, Assembly, Manufacturing and Time postponements.
Kanban (signboard or billboard in Japanese) is a scheduling system for lean manufacturing and just-in-time manufacturing (JIT). Taiichi Ohno, an industrial engineer at Toyota, developed kanban to improve manufacturing efficiency. Kanban is one method to achieve JIT. The system takes its name from the cards that track production within a factory. For many in the automotive sector, kanban is known as the "Toyota nameplate system".
Put simply, silo working occurs when several departments or groups within that organisation do not want to share information or knowledge with other individuals they work with.
Reference:
LO 2, AC 2.3
質問 # 170
Among different types of costs associated with inventory, the opportunity cost of the investment tied up in inventory belongs to which of the following?
正解：D
解説：
Direct and indirect costs of holding inventory include the following:
- Acquisition costs
- Holding costs: There are 2 different types of holding costs: costs related to the value of the goods (including opportunity costs, costs of insurance, losses due to product deterioration, etc) and costs related to the physical characteristics of this inventory.
- Costs of stockouts
質問 # 171
Which of the following are most likely the benefits of using unit loads? Select TWO that apply.
Increase transport time of each item
正解：A、D
解説：
The concept of a unit load is to create a stable and secure, easy-to-move group of stock that is fast to load and unload from vehicles.
The advantages of unit load concepts are as the following:
* More items can be handled at the same time, thereby reducing the number of trips required and, potentially, reducing handling costs, loading and unloading times, and product damage.
* Enables the use of standardized material handling equipment.
Reference:
LO 1, AC 1.3
質問 # 172
A restaurant needs to buy a new freezer. The owner applies total cost of ownership model to calcu-late the life- time cost of the freezer. This equipment has a price tag of $1,000, the supplier can offer free delivery if the restaurant pays off immediately. Estimated electricity consumption of the freezer is $200 in 5 years. The supplier ascertains that the freezer is very durable, buyer doesn't need to care about maintenance costs.
However, if the restaurant needs better protection from breakdowns, the warranty is free for the first 12 months after the purchase. This warranty package can be extended once for another 24-month period with the cost of $75. After 5 years, the buyer will be able to resell this freezer for $250. What would be the estimated total cost of ownership of this freezer if the restaurant owner buys the extended warranty package?
正解：B
解説：
The total cost of ownership would be the sum of all estimated costs.
The costs are as the following:
- Purchase price: $1,000
- Electricity consumption: $200
- Extended warranty: $75
Total expense = $1,000 + $200 +$75 = $1,275. Then subtract the resale price from this sum, the total cost of ownership is $1,025.
Reference: CIPS study guide page 136-169
LO 3, AC 3.1
質問 # 173
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L4M7復習内容: https://www.jpntest.com/shiken/L4M7-mondaishu
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