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Linux Foundation Certified Kubernetes Application Developer（CKAD）認定試験は、Kubernetesアプリケーション開発者のスキルを検証するために、世界的に認知されている認定プログラムです。CKAD認定試験は、Kubernetesクラスター上でアプリケーションを作成および展開する開発者の熟練度をテストするために設計されています。これは、コンテナ化およびクラウドネイティブコンピューティングの世界で最も求められる認定の1つです。
>> Linux Foundation CKAD最新知識 <<
CKAD試験を恐れることはありません。CKAD準備資料があなたの現在の生活を変えるのに役立つと信じています。 CKAD試験に合格して認定を取得できれば、近い将来新しい有意義な生活を始めることができます。したがって、CKAD模擬試験の準備をすることは非常に重要です。CKAD認定ガイドにもっと注意を払う必要があります。また、CKAD試験の質問は、認定を取得するためのすべての手助けとなります。
CKAD試験の準備をするために、候補者は、Kubernetesの基礎を強く理解し、生産環境でKubernetesとの仕事の経験を持つことをお勧めします。 Linux Foundationは、候補者が試験の準備を支援するために、幅広いトレーニングリソースとコースを提供しています。さらに、ブログ、フォーラム、オンラインミートアップなどの多くのコミュニティリソースを利用でき、候補者が試験を受けた他の人の経験から学習するのに役立ちます。
質問 # 19
You are running a web application on Kubernetes, and you need to schedule a daily backup of your application's dat a. The backup process involves running a script that archives the database and uploads it to a remote storage service. Explain how you would implement this using a CronJ0b in Kubernetes. Provide a sample YAML configuration for the Cronjob.
正解：
解説：
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Create a Container Image:
- Create a Dockerfile that packages the backup script and any necessary dependencies into a container image-
- Build tne image and push it to a container registry (e.g., Docker Hub).
dockefflle
FROM ubuntu:latest
# Install necessary packages
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y zip
# Copy the backup script to the container
COPY backup.sh 'backup.sh
# Set entrypoint to the backup script
ENTRYPOINT ["/backup.sh"]
2. Create the CronJob YAML:
- Define the 'cronJob' resource in a YAML file. Specify the schedule, the container image, and the command to run.
3. Apply the CronJob: - Apply the YAML file to your Kubernetes cluster using 'kubectl apply -f cronjob.yamr 4. Verification: - Use 'kubectl get cronjobs' to check if the CronJob was successfully created- - Check the Kubernetes logs for the CronJob to ensure it's running as expected.
質問 # 20
Refer to Exhibit.
Set Configuration Context:
[student@node-1] $ | kubectl
Config use-context k8s
Task
You have rolled out a new pod to your infrastructure and now you need to allow it to communicate with the web and storage pods but nothing else. Given the running pod kdsn00201 -newpod edit it to use a network policy that will allow it to send and receive traffic only to and from the web and storage pods.
正解：
解説：
To allow a pod to send and receive traffic only to and from specific pods, you can use network policies in Kubernetes.
First, you will need to create a network policy that defines the allowed traffic. You can create a network policy yaml file with the following rules:
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: NetworkPolicy
metadata:
name: newpod-network-policy
namespace: default
spec:
podSelector:
matchLabels:
app: kdsn00201-newpod
ingress:
- from:
- podSelector:
matchLabels:
app: web
- podSelector:
matchLabels:
app: storage
This policy will only allow incoming traffic to the pod with the label app=kdsn00201-newpod from pods with the label app=web or app=storage. If you have different labels on your web and storage pods please update the matchLabels accordingly.
Once you have created the network policy, you can apply it to the cluster by running the following command:
kubectl apply -f <network-policy-file>.yaml
This will apply the network policy to the cluster, and the newpod will only be able to send and receive traffic to and from the web and storage pods.
Please note that, NetworkPolicy resource is not available by default, you need to enable the NetworkPolicy feature on your Kubernetes cluster. This feature is enabled by default on some clusters and must be explicitly enabled on others. You can check if NetworkPolicy is available by running the command kubectl api-versions | grep networking Also, you need to ensure that the pods that you want to allow traffic to and from are running on the same namespace.
質問 # 21 
Given a container that writes a log file in format A and a container that converts log files from format A to format B, create a deployment that runs both containers such that the log files from the first container are converted by the second container, emitting logs in format B.
Task:
* Create a deployment named deployment-xyz in the default namespace, that:
*Includes a primary
lfccncf/busybox:1 container, named logger-dev
*includes a sidecar Ifccncf/fluentd:v0.12 container, named adapter-zen
*Mounts a shared volume /tmp/log on both containers, which does not persist when the pod is deleted
*Instructs the logger-dev
container to run the command
which should output logs to /tmp/log/input.log in plain text format, with example values:
* The adapter-zen sidecar container should read /tmp/log/input.log and output the data to /tmp/log/output.* in Fluentd JSON format. Note that no knowledge of Fluentd is required to complete this task: all you will need to achieve this is to create the ConfigMap from the spec file provided at /opt/KDMC00102/fluentd-configma p.yaml , and mount that ConfigMap to /fluentd/etc in the adapter-zen sidecar container See the solution below.
正解：
解説：
Explanation
Solution:
質問 # 22 
Set Configuration Context:
[student@node-1] $ | kubectl
Config use-context k8s
Context
A user has reported an aopticauon is unteachable due to a failing livenessProbe .
Task
Perform the following tasks:
* Find the broken pod and store its name and namespace to /opt/KDOB00401/broken.txt in the format:
<namespace>/<pod>
The output file has already been created
* Store the associated error events to a file /opt/KDOB00401/error.txt, The output file has already been created. You will need to use the -o wide output specifier with your command
* Fix the issue.
正解：
解説：
See the solution below.
Explanation:
To find the broken pod and store its name and namespace to /opt/KDOB00401/broken.txt, you can use the kubectl get pods command and filter the output by the status of the pod.
kubectl get pods --field-selector=status.phase=Failed -o jsonpath='{.items[*].metadata.namespace}/{.items[*].
metadata.name}' > /opt/KDOB00401/broken.txt
This command will list all pods with a status of Failed and output their names and namespaces in the format
<namespace>/<pod>. The output is then written to the /opt/KDOB00401/broken.txt file.
To store the associated error events to a file /opt/KDOB00401/error.txt, you can use the kubectl describe command to retrieve detailed information about the pod, and the grep command to filter the output for error events.
kubectl describe pods <pod-name> --namespace <pod-namespace> | grep -i error -B5 -A5 > /opt/KDOB00401
/error.txt
Replace <pod-name> and <pod-namespace> with the name and namespace of the broken pod you found in the previous step.
This command will output detailed information about the pod, including error events. The grep command filters the output for lines containing "error" and also prints 5 lines before and after the match.
To fix the issue, you need to analyze the error events and find the root cause of the issue.
It could be that the application inside the pod is not running, the container image is not available, the pod has not enough resources, or the liveness probe configuration is incorrect.
Once you have identified the cause, you can take appropriate action, such as restarting the application, updating the container image, increasing the resources, or modifying the liveness probe configuration.
After fixing the issue, you can use the kubectl get pods command to check the status of the pod and ensure
質問 # 23 
Context
You sometimes need to observe a pod's logs, and write those logs to a file for further analysis.
Task
Please complete the following;
* Deploy the counter pod to the cluster using the provided YAMLspec file at /opt/KDOB00201/counter.yaml
* Retrieve all currently available application logs from the running pod and store them in the file
/opt/KDOB0020l/log_Output.txt, which has already been created
正解：
解説：
See the solution below.
Explanation
Solution:
質問 # 24
......
CKAD試験参考書: https://www.topexam.jp/CKAD_shiken.html
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