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問題 #67
Jerry Mulligan is employed by an IT company as a cloud security engineer. In 2014, his organization migrated all applications and data from on-premises to a cloud environment. Jerry would like to perform penetration testing to evaluate the security across virtual machines, installed apps, and OSes in the cloud environment, including conducting various security assessment steps against risks specific to the cloud that could expose them to serious threats. Which of the following cloud computing service models does not allow cloud penetration testing (CPEN) to Jerry?
答案：C
解題說明：
In the cloud computing service models, SaaS (Software as a Service) typically does not allow customers to perform penetration testing. This is because SaaS applications are managed by the service provider, and the security of the application is the responsibility of the provider, not the customer.
Here's why SaaS doesn't allow penetration testing:
Managed Service: SaaS providers manage the security of their applications, including regular updates and patches.
Shared Environment: SaaS applications often run in a shared environment where multiple customers use the same infrastructure, making it impractical for individual customers to conduct penetration testing.
Provider's Policies: Most SaaS providers have strict policies against unauthorized testing, as it could impact the service's integrity and availability for other users.
Alternative Assessments: Instead of penetration testing, SaaS providers may offer security assessments or compliance certifications to demonstrate the security of their applications.
Reference:
Oracle's FAQ on cloud security testing, which states that penetration and vulnerability testing are not allowed for Oracle SaaS offerings1.
Cloud Security Alliance's article on pentesting in the cloud, mentioning that CSPs often have policies describing which tests can be performed and which cannot, especially in SaaS models2.
問題 #68
An organization, PARADIGM PlayStation, moved its infrastructure to a cloud as a security practice. It established an incident response team to monitor the hosted websites for security issues. While examining network access logs using SIEM, the incident response team came across some incidents that suggested that one of their websites was targeted by attackers and they successfully performed an SQL injection attack.
Subsequently, the incident response team made the website and database server offline. In which of the following steps of the incident response lifecycle, the incident team determined to make that decision?
答案：D
解題說明：
The decision to take the website and database server offline falls under the Containment phase of the incident response lifecycle. Here's how the process typically unfolds:
Detection: The incident response team detects a potential security breach, such as an SQL injection attack, through network access logs using SIEM.
Analysis: The team analyzes the incident to confirm the breach and understand its scope and impact.
Containment: Once confirmed, the team moves to contain the incident to prevent further damage. This includes making the affected website and database server offline to stop the attack from spreading or causing more harm1.
Eradication and Recovery: After containment, the team works on eradicating the threat and recovering the systems to normal operation.
Post-Incident Activity: Finally, the team conducts a post-mortem analysis to learn from the incident and improve future response efforts.
Reference:
The containment phase is critical in incident response as it aims to limit the damage of the security incident and isolate affected systems to prevent the spread of the attack12. Taking systems offline is a common containment strategy to ensure that attackers can no longer access the compromised systems1.
問題 #69
Steven Smith has been working as a cloud security engineer in an MNC for the past 4 years. His organization uses AWS cloud-based services. Steven handles a complex application on AWS that has several resources and it is difficult for him to manage these resources. Which of the following AWS services allows Steven to make a set of related AWS resources easily and use or provision them in an orderly manner so that he can spend less time managing resources and more time on the applications that run in the AWS environment?
答案：D
解題說明：
* AWS CloudFormation: AWS CloudFormation is a service that helps you model and set up your Amazon Web Services resources so that you can spend less time managing those resources and more time focusing on your applications that run in AWS1.
* Resource Management: You create a template that describes all the AWS resources that you want (like Amazon EC2 instances or Amazon RDS DB instances), and AWS CloudFormation takes care of provisioning and configuring those resources for you1.
* Complex Applications: For complex applications with multiple resources, CloudFormation allows you to manage related resources as a single unit, called a stack1.
* Automation: CloudFormation automates the provisioning and updating of your infrastructure in a safe and controlled manner, with rollbacks and staged updates1.
* Benefits: By using AWS CloudFormation, Steven can define his infrastructure in code and use this to create and manage his AWS resources, which simplifies the management of complex applications1.
References:
* AWS's official documentation on AWS CloudFormation1.
問題 #70
Being a cloud security administrator, Jonathan is responsible for securing the large-scale cloud infrastructure of his organization SpectrumIT Solutions. The organization has to implement a threat detection and analysis system so that Jonathan would receive alerts regarding all misconfigurations and network intrusions in the organization's cloud infrastructure. Which AWS service would enable him to use to receive alerts related to risks?
答案：B
解題說明：
Amazon GuardDuty is a threat detection service that continuously monitors for malicious activity and misconfigurations, providing security alerts related to risks in an AWS environment.
問題 #71
In a tech organization's cloud environment, an adversary can rent thousands of VM instances for launching a DDoS attack. The criminal can also keep secret documents such as terrorist and illegal money transfer docs in the cloud storage. In such a situation, when a forensic investigation is initiated, it involves several stakeholders (government members, industry partners, third- parties, and law enforcement). In this scenario, who acts as the first responder for the security issue on the cloud?
答案：C
解題說明：
Incident Handlers are typically the first responders to security issues in any environment, including cloud environments. They are responsible for identifying, managing, and responding to security incidents as they occur. In the scenario described, incident handlers would take immediate action to address the DDoS attack and any other security threats, coordinating with other stakeholders as needed during the forensic investigation.
問題 #72
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