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ECCouncil 312-50v13 Exam Syllabus Topics:

SectionWeightObjectives
Topic 1: Sniffing and Evasion10%- Social Engineering
  • 1. Social Engineering Concepts
  • 2. Social Engineering Tools and Countermeasures
  • 3. Social Engineering Techniques
  • 4. Insider Threats and Identity Theft
- Network Evasion
  • 1. Firewalls and Intrusion Detection/Prevention Systems
  • 2. Denial of Service Attacks
  • 3. Evasion Techniques
  • 4. IDS/Firewall Evasion Tools
- Network Sniffing
  • 1. VLAN Hopping and DHCP Starvation
  • 2. Sniffing Concepts
  • 3. ARP Spoofing
  • 4. MAC Flooding and Switch Port Stealing
  • 5. Sniffing Detection and Countermeasures
  • 6. STP Attacks and DNS Poisoning
  • 7. Sniffing Tools
Topic 2: Reconnaissance Techniques21%- Scanning Networks
  • 1. Detecting Live Systems
  • 2. Nmap and Zenmap
  • 3. Scanning Countermeasures
  • 4. Scan for Vulnerabilities
  • 5. Scanning Tools
  • 6. Hping2 and Hping3
  • 7. Drawing Network Diagrams
  • 8. Banner Grabbing
  • 9. Port Scanning Techniques
  • 10. Network Scanning Concepts
  • 11. Masscan
  • 12. Proxy Servers and Anonymizers
  • 13. NIDS, NIPS, and Firewall Evasion Techniques
- Footprinting and Reconnaissance
  • 1. Footprinting Tools
  • 2. Footprinting through Search Engines
  • 3. Network Footprinting
  • 4. Email Footprinting
  • 5. Footprinting through Social Networking Sites
  • 6. Footprinting Countermeasures
  • 7. Footprinting through Web Services
  • 8. Website Footprinting
  • 9. AWS Cloud Footprinting
  • 10. Competitive Intelligence Gathering
  • 11. DNS Footprinting
Topic 3: Cloud and Container Attacks10%- Cloud Computing Concepts
  • 1. Container Technology
  • 2. Cloud Architecture and Deployment Models
  • 3. Cloud Service Models (IaaS, PaaS, SaaS)
  • 4. Serverless Architecture
- Cloud Attacks and Security
  • 1. Container Security Tools and Countermeasures
  • 2. Cloud Security Tools and Best Practices
  • 3. Cloud Penetration Testing
  • 4. Cloud Security Threats and Attacks
Topic 4: Enumeration15%- Enumeration Process
  • 1. NTP Enumeration
  • 2. Enumeration Countermeasures
  • 3. SMB and SAMBA Enumeration
  • 4. Mail Server Enumeration
  • 5. NetBIOS Enumeration
  • 6. VoIP Enumeration
  • 7. SNMP Enumeration
  • 8. LDAP Enumeration
  • 9. RPC and NFS Enumeration
- Enumeration Concepts
  • 1. Enumeration Fundamentals
  • 2. Enumeration Techniques
Topic 5: Vulnerability Analysis7%- Vulnerability Assessment Concepts
  • 1. Vulnerability Scoring Systems
  • 2. Vulnerability Assessment Solutions
  • 3. Vulnerability Assessment Tools and Software
Topic 6: Cryptography and Post-Exploitation13%- Cryptography Concepts
  • 1. Disk Encryption and Cryptanalysis
  • 2. Code Signing and Email Encryption
  • 3. Hashing and Digital Signatures
  • 4. Encryption Fundamentals
  • 5. Encryption Algorithms (Symmetric and Asymmetric)
  • 6. Cryptography Tools
  • 7. Cryptography Countermeasures
  • 8. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)
- Post-Exploitation Techniques
  • 1. Lateral Movement and Tunneling
  • 2. Covering Tracks and Maintaining Access
  • 3. Reporting and Documentation
  • 4. Advanced Persistent Threat (APT)
  • 5. Post-Exploitation Concepts
Topic 7: Wireless Network Attacks9%- Wireless Hacking Methodology
  • 1. Bluetooth and RFID Attacks
  • 2. Wireless Network Countermeasures
  • 3. Cracking WPA/WPA2 and WEP Encryption
  • 4. Wireless Network Hacking Tools
  • 5. Wireless Sniffing and Wardriving
- Wireless Network Concepts
  • 1. Wireless Encryption and Security
  • 2. Wireless Terminology and Standards
  • 3. Wireless Network Topology and Threats
Topic 8: Malware Threats8%- Malware Analysis and Distribution
  • 1. Malware Detection Methods
  • 2. Malware Analysis Techniques
  • 3. Malware Countermeasures
- Malware and Its Types
  • 1. Malware Fundamentals
  • 2. APT and Futuristic Malware
  • 3. APT Concepts
  • 4. Types of Malware
Topic 9: Information Security and Ethical Hacking Overview6%- Information Security Overview
  • 1. Understanding Information Security Controls
  • 2. Information Security Threats and Attack Vectors
  • 3. Understanding Information Security Laws and Standards
  • 4. Understanding Information Security
  • 5. Proactive Cyber Defense
- Ethical Hacking Overview
  • 1. Need for Ethical Hackers
  • 2. Governance and Compliance
  • 3. Skills and Mindset of an Ethical Hacker
  • 4. Security Testing Methodologies
  • 5. What is Ethical Hacking?
Topic 10: System Hacking17%- System Hacking Methodologies
  • 1. Hiding Files
  • 2. Executing Applications
  • 3. Escalating Privileges
  • 4. Gaining Access
  • 5. Covering Tracks
  • 6. Cracking Passwords
- System Hacking Tools and Countermeasures
  • 1. Covering Tracks Countermeasures
  • 2. Ports and Log Files
  • 3. Steganography
  • 4. Keyloggers and Spyware
  • 5. Password Recovery Tools
  • 6. Rootkits
Topic 11: Web Application Attacks19%- Hacking Web Servers and Web Applications
  • 1. Web Server Attacks
  • 2. Web Server and Web Application Countermeasures
  • 3. Web Server Attack Methodology
- Web Application Concepts and Attacks
  • 1. Authentication and Session Management Attacks
  • 2. Web Application Password Cracking and Clickjacking
  • 3. Web Application Architecture
  • 4. Injection Attacks
  • 5. Web Application Scanning and Testing Tools
  • 6. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and Request Forgery
  • 7. OWASP Top 10 Vulnerabilities
  • 8. Web Application Countermeasures
Topic 12: Mobile Platform and IoT Attacks7%- IoT and OT Attacks
  • 1. IoT Hacking Methodology
  • 2. IoT Attack Tools and Countermeasures
  • 3. IoT Concepts and Architecture
  • 4. OT Concepts and Attacks
  • 5. IoT Vulnerabilities and Threats
- Mobile Platform Attack Vectors
  • 1. Mobile Platform Overview
  • 2. Mobile Security Tools and Countermeasures
  • 3. Mobile Device Management (MDM)
  • 4. Mobile Attack Surfaces and Vulnerabilities
  • 5. Mobile Attack Techniques
  • 6. Mobile Malware and Mobile Spyware

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ECCouncil Certified Ethical Hacker Exam (CEH v13 AI) Sample Questions (Q344-Q349):

NEW QUESTION # 344
At a private aerospace research facility in Mesa, Arizona, an executive raises concerns after sensitive discussion points from speakerphone meetings begin surfacing externally. The device shows no indicators of active audio recording, and application permission history does not reflect recent camera or microphone authorization changes. A forensic mobile analysis identifies that an installed application has been continuously reading motion sensor output while the phone ' s loudspeaker is active. The collected sensor data was later transmitted to a remote server, where acoustic characteristics were reconstructed from the recorded measurements. Identify the attack technique responsible for this compromise.

Answer: B

Explanation:
The correct answer is Spearphone Attack. CEH mobile platform coverage describes Spearphone as a side- channel attack in which motion sensors, such as accelerometers or gyroscopes, are abused to infer or reconstruct audio from vibrations produced by a phone's loudspeaker. A key feature of this technique is that it may not require direct microphone access, which helps explain why no microphone permission changes or visible recording indicators appeared on the device. That detail is central to the scenario. The installed app continuously collected motion sensor data while speakerphone conversations occurred, and the information was later analyzed remotely to reconstruct acoustic content. That behavior is a textbook match for Spearphone. Android camera hijack attacks involve camera access, not speaker vibration analysis. Camfecting refers to webcam compromise, and Storm Breaker Abuse does not describe this sensor-based audio inference method. CEH materials use this example to show that seemingly low-risk sensors can still create serious privacy and espionage threats when correlated with physical effects such as sound-induced vibration. Because the attack depends on speaker-generated motion data rather than direct audio recording, Spearphone is the best answer.


NEW QUESTION # 345
In the process of implementing a network vulnerability assessment strategy for a tech company, the security analyst is confronted with the following scenarios:
1) A legacy application is discovered on the network, which no longer receives updates from the vendor.
2) Several systems in the network are found running outdated versions of web browsers prone to distributed attacks.
3) The network firewall has been configured using default settings and passwords.
4) Certain TCP/IP protocols used in the organization are inherently insecure.
The security analyst decides to use vulnerability scanning software. Which of the following limitations of vulnerability assessment should the analyst be most cautious about in this context?

Answer: C

Explanation:
Vulnerability scanning software is a tool that can help security analysts identify and prioritize known vulnerabilities in their systems and applications. However, it is not a perfect solution and has some limitations that need to be considered. One of the most critical limitations is that vulnerability scanning software is not immune to software engineering flaws that might lead to serious vulnerabilities being missed. This means that the software itself might have bugs, errors, or oversights that could affect its accuracy, reliability, or performance. For example, the software might:
Fail to detect some vulnerabilities due to incomplete or outdated databases, incorrect signatures, or insufficient coverage of the target system or application.
Produce false positives or false negatives due to misinterpretation of the scan results, incorrect configuration, or lack of context or validation.
Cause unintended consequences or damage to the target system or application due to intrusive or aggressive scanning techniques, such as exploiting vulnerabilities, modifying data, or crashing services.
Be vulnerable to attacks or compromise by malicious actors who could exploit its weaknesses, tamper with its functionality, or steal its data.
Therefore, the security analyst should be most cautious about this limitation of vulnerability scanning software, as it could lead to a false sense of security, missed opportunities for remediation, or increased exposure to threats. The security analyst should always verify the scan results, use multiple tools and methods, and update and patch the software regularly to mitigate this risk.
References:
[CEHv13 Module 03: Vulnerability Analysis]
7 limitations of vulnerability scanners
The pros and cons of vulnerability scanning tools


NEW QUESTION # 346
At a fast-growing startup in Austin, Texas, an ethical hacker is asked to simulate how attackers might gather information to gain initial access. During the assessment, she poses as a recruiter on a professional networking site and convinces several employees to share details about the company's internal software and VPN setup. Which type of threat best represents this adversary's method of information gathering?

Answer: D

Explanation:
Posing as a recruiter to elicit sensitive company information from employees exploits human behavior rather than technical vulnerabilities, which is characteristic of social engineering.


NEW QUESTION # 347
At a power distribution facility in Phoenix, Arizona, ethical hacker Sameer Das is performing an OT security assessment. He demonstrates that a programmable controller accepts modifications delivered over the network without checking the origin or cryptographic validity of the package. By uploading altered instructions, he changes how the controller processes commands during operations. Which IoT/OT threat best represents this technique?

Answer: A

Explanation:
The correct answer is A. Firmware update attack because the scenario describes an attacker delivering an unauthenticated, non-cryptographically verified update/package to a controller and successfully altering its operational logic. In IoT/OT environments, controllers (PLCs, RTUs, PACs, and embedded industrial devices) often support updating firmware or logic over the network for maintenance. If the device does not verify the source, integrity, and authenticity of update packages-typically through signed firmware, certificates, and secure update channels-an attacker can replace legitimate code with a maliciously modified version.
Sameer's demonstration maps directly to a firmware/logic update compromise: he uploads "altered instructions" and changes how the controller processes commands during operations. This is exactly the type of risk highlighted in OT security: unauthorized modification of controller logic can cause unsafe states, disrupt production, damage equipment, or create stealthy manipulation that is difficult to detect. The explicit mention of "without checking the origin or cryptographic validity" indicates missing controls like digital signatures, hash verification, and trusted update mechanisms, which are central to firmware update security.
Why the other options are less accurate: Forged malicious device usually refers to introducing a rogue or cloned device into the environment to impersonate legitimate equipment. Remote access using backdoor implies an existing hidden access mechanism rather than abuse of the update mechanism itself. Exploit kits are typically collections of exploits used to compromise systems, commonly discussed more in endpoint/web contexts; they don't specifically describe the act of pushing an altered firmware/logic package that the controller accepts due to missing validation.
Therefore, the technique is best categorized as a firmware update attack, leveraging weak or absent authenticity/integrity checks on update packages to modify OT controller behavior.


NEW QUESTION # 348
During a large-scale network assessment of a telecom provider in Dallas, Texas, a cybersecurity consultant uses Recon-ng and Nmap to enumerate legacy and infrastructure-level services across multiple nodes. The tools uncover open Telnet ports, FTP directories with anonymous login enabled, active TFTP services, and exposed SMB shares. The consultant also detects a service that responds to VRFY, EXPN, and RCPT commands - allowing the enumeration of user identities and delivery addresses due to weak input validation. IPv6 tunneling protocols are also detected. Concerned about information leakage, the consultant flags these services for immediate remediation. Which classification best describes this set of enumeration activities?

Answer: B

Explanation:
The key indicator is the service responding to VRFY, EXPN, and RCPT commands, which are specific to SMTP. These commands allow enumeration of valid users and email addresses, making this activity characteristic of SMTP enumeration.


NEW QUESTION # 349
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