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| Section | Weight | Objectives |
|---|---|---|
| Implementing Test Automation | 11% | - Managing technical debt - Developing and maintaining automation components - Planning and running pilot projects - Handling synchronization, stability and reliability |
| Test Automation Architecture | 15% | - Interoperability and integration concepts - Generic Test Automation Architecture (gTAA) - Design principles and patterns for automation - Layered frameworks and separation of concerns |
| Implementation and Deployment Strategies | 12% | - Configuration management and version control - Test execution strategies and environment management - Test data management approaches - Integration with CI/CD pipelines |
| Introduction and Objectives for Test Automation | 5% | - Roles and responsibilities of a Test Automation Engineer - Purpose, benefits and limitations of test automation - Test automation in software development lifecycle models |
| Verifying the Test Automation Solution | 12% | - Verifying automation code and infrastructure - Assessing quality and reliability of automation - Validating test suite correctness |
| Preparing for Test Automation | 14% | - Identifying automation opportunities and constraints - Assessing system testability and architecture - Evaluating and selecting test tools - Cost, effort and ROI analysis |
| Reporting and Metrics | 12% | - Defining relevant automation metrics - Visualization and dashboards - Reporting to stakeholders - Collecting and analyzing data |
| Continuous Improvement | 19% | - Upgrading tools and frameworks - Streamlining and maintaining test assets - Adapting to new technologies and requirements - Refactoring and optimizing automation |
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NEW QUESTION # 23
The last few runs for a suite of automated keyword-driven tests on a SUT were never completed. The test where the run was aborted was not the same between runs. Currently, it is not possible to identify the root cause of these aborts, but only determine that test execution aborted when exceptions (e.g., NullPointerException, OutOfMemoryError) occurred on the SUT by analyzing its log files. Test execution log files are currently generated, in HTML format, by the TAS as follows: all expected logging data is logged for each keyword in intermediate log files. This data is then inserted into the final log file only for keywords that fail, while only a configurable subset of that data is logged for keywords that execute successfully. Which of the following actions (assuming it is possible to perform all of them) would you take FIRST to help find the root cause of the aborts?
Answer: D
Explanation:
TAE stresses that when diagnosing intermittent aborts with unclear root cause, the first priority is ensuring sufficient, consistent observability from the automation side to reconstruct what happened immediately before termination. In this scenario, the suite aborts in different tests across runs, and the final HTML report currently contains full detail only for failing keywords, while successful keywords have reduced logging. If the run aborts due to an exception in the SUT, the "last executed successful keywords" and their full context may be essential to correlate actions with the SUT failure point. The fastest, most direct improvement is to include complete keyword-level logging for successful steps as well, at least until the issue is understood.
This aligns with TAE guidance to temporarily increase logging verbosity during investigation to capture the sequence of actions, inputs, timings, and states leading up to failure. Option A could be helpful, but it changes SUT-side logging and may require additional access or instrumentation; also, it does not guarantee visibility into the exact automation step sequence. Options B and D improve presentation/performance of logs but do not add diagnostic content. Therefore, first increase the completeness of the final execution logs for all keywords to maximize evidence for root cause analysis.
NEW QUESTION # 24
A SUT (SUT1) is a client-server system based on a thin client. The client is primarily a display and input interface, while the server provides almost all the resources and functionality of the system. Another SUT (SUT2) is a client-server system based on a fat client that relies little on the server and provides most of the resources and functionality of the system. A given TAS is used to implement automated tests on both SUT1 and SUT2. The main objective of the TAS is to cover as many system functionalities as possible through automated tests executed as fast as possible. Which of the following statements about the automation solution is BEST in this scenario?
Answer: A
Explanation:
TAE promotes selecting automation interfaces that maximize speed, robustness, and functional coverage while minimizing unnecessary UI traversal. For a thin client architecture, most business logic and system functionality resides on the server. To cover functionality efficiently, tests should interact as close as possible to where the logic is implemented-typically via server-side interfaces (e.g., APIs/services, backend endpoints, message interfaces). This reduces GUI overhead and accelerates execution while improving reliability. For a fat client, substantial logic resides on the client side; server-side automation alone may miss critical client behavior, validations, local processing, and UI-driven flows that embody much of the functionality. In such cases, client-side automation (often UI automation or client-level interfaces) is more directly aligned to achieving high functional coverage. TAE also highlights that the "best" interface depends on where behavior is implemented and which interface yields the most stable, fastest checks for the targeted risks. Therefore, the optimal combination is server-side automation for SUT1 (thin client) and client-side automation for SUT2 (fat client), which best meets the goal of broad coverage with minimal execution time.
NEW QUESTION # 25
(In User Acceptance Testing (UAT) for a new SUT, in addition to the manual tests performed by the end- users, automated tests are performed that focus on the execution of repetitive and routine test scenarios. In which of the following environments are all these tests typically performed?)
Answer: A
Explanation:
TAE distinguishes test environments by purpose and risk. User Acceptance Testing is typically performed in an environment that is as production-like as feasible (configuration, data shape, integrations) but still controlled and safe for testing activities. This is commonly referred to as preproduction (often "staging"): it supports realistic end-to-end flows, allows business users to validate that the SUT meets acceptance criteria, and enables running routine/repetitive automated checks without risking live operations. A build environment is focused on compiling/packaging and basic verification, not business acceptance. An integration environment is used to validate interactions among components/systems, but may not reflect full production- like configuration, and it's often shared and volatile-less suitable for formal acceptance activities involving end users. Production is generally avoided for UAT because acceptance testing can alter live data, disrupt users, and introduce unacceptable business risk; production testing is typically limited to tightly controlled smoke checks, monitoring, or specific "in-production" validation patterns with strong safeguards. Therefore, the environment in which both end-user manual UAT and supporting automated routine scenarios are typically executed is the preproduction environment, aligning with TAE's guidance on balancing realism with risk containment.
NEW QUESTION # 26
An automated test case that should always pass sometimes passes and sometimes fails intermittently (non- deterministic behavior) when executed in the same test environment, even if no code (i.e., SUT code or the test automation code) has been changed. Which of the following statements about the root cause of this non- deterministic behavior is TRUE?
Answer: B
Explanation:
TAE treats non-deterministic (flaky) test behavior as a symptom that can originate from multiple sources:
timing and synchronization issues, race conditions, concurrency, environmental variability (resource contention, network latency), unstable test data, third-party dependencies, or hidden state leakage between tests. Because these causes often span boundaries-application code, infrastructure, deployment configuration, test tooling, and data pipelines-finding the true root cause frequently requires collaboration beyond the TAE role. Developers may need to inspect application logs, thread behavior, and recent architectural assumptions; system engineers may need to analyze resource saturation, container orchestration events, network anomalies, or environment drift. Option A is too specific and assertive: the root cause is not necessarily a race condition, and logs may not be sufficient to identify it. Option C is incorrect because no code change does not imply the environment is the only cause; flaky behavior can stem from hidden nondeterminism in the system or tests that is always present but only sometimes triggers. Option D is also incorrect; intermittent failures are often harder to diagnose than consistent deterministic failures because evidence is less reproducible. Therefore, the true statement is that determining the root cause may require support from developers and system engineers in addition to the TAE.
NEW QUESTION # 27
Automated tests at the UI level for a web app adopt an asynchronous waiting mechanism that allows them to synchronize test steps with the app, so that they are executed correctly and at the right time, only when the app is ready and has processed the previous step: this is done when there are no timeouts or pending asynchronous requests. In this way, the tests automatically synchronize with the app's web pages. The same initialization tasks to set test preconditions are implemented as test steps for all tests. Regarding the pre- processing (Setup) features defined at the test suite level, the TAS provides both a Suite Setup (which runs exactly once when the suite starts) and a Test Setup (which runs at the start of each test case in the suite).
Which of the following recommendations would you provide for improving the TAS (assuming it is possible to perform all of them)?
Answer: B
Explanation:
TAE strongly discourages replacing robust, app-aware synchronization with manual waits. Automatic synchronization based on application readiness signals (e.g., no pending async requests) reduces flakiness and unnecessary delays. Hard-coded waits (A) are brittle and slow; polling waits (C) can be better than fixed sleeps but are still generally inferior to event/readiness-based synchronization already in place. The improvement opportunity described is that the same initialization steps are repeated in every test as explicit test steps, which increases test script length, duplication, and maintenance effort. TAE recommends centralizing common setup logic using framework setup/teardown mechanisms to enforce consistency and reduce duplication. Since the initialization tasks are needed to set preconditions for each test (so each test starts from a known state and remains independent), they belong in the Test Setup, which runs before each test case. Putting them in Suite Setup (D) would run them only once, risking that later tests inherit polluted state, making tests interdependent and more brittle. Therefore, moving shared per-test initialization tasks into the Test Setup is the best recommendation.
NEW QUESTION # 28
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