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26. Frage
An agricultural company wants to enhance the cybersecurity posture by implementing a defense-in-depth strategy to protect against polymorphic malware threats. Currently, the company's security infrastructure relies solely on a stateful traditional edge firewall that does not provide adequate protection against malware variants. Which technology must be added to the company's security architecture to achieve the goal?
Antwort: B
Begründung:
Polymorphic malware is particularly dangerous because it constantly changes its identifiable features (such as its file name or encryption keys) to evade traditional signature-based detection. A stateful traditional firewall is ineffective here as it primarily checks packet headers rather than inspecting the payload for malicious intent. To defend against these variants, aheuristics-based IPS (Intrusion Prevention System)is required.
Unlike traditional IPS systems that look for an exact match of a known threat "signature," heuristics-based systems look forsuspicious characteristicsor behaviors. For example, if a file attempts to modify system registries in a specific sequence or uses obfuscation techniques common to malware, the heuristics engine will flag and block it even if it has never seen that specific version of the malware before. This is a core component ofCisco Secure Firewall (NGFW). While aWAF(Option A) protects web applications and a Network Performance Monitor(Option C) provides visibility into traffic speeds, neither is designed to combat evolving malware. Adding a heuristics-based IPS provides the "deep packet inspection" layer necessary for a true defense-in-depth strategy, ensuring the agricultural company is protected against modern, evasive cyber threats.
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27. Frage
A global energy company moved a monolithic application from the data center to public cloud.
Over time, the company added many capabilities to the application, and it is now difficult for the application team to scale it. The application owner decided to modernize the application by moving to a Kubernetes cluster. However, he wants to ensure that the new application architecture provides a container network interface that is scalable, offers options for cloud-native security, and helps with visibility and observability. Which solution must be used to accomplish the task?
Antwort: B
Begründung:
Cilium is a Kubernetes Container Network Interface (CNI) that provides scalability, cloud-native security with eBPF-based enforcement, and strong visibility/observability into network traffic between microservices. It is purpose-built to modernize applications running in Kubernetes clusters.
28. Frage
A furniture company recently discovered that the endpoint detection and response configuration flagged several malicious files on company-managed laptops. The company must enhance security to prevent known malicious files from being delivered to the network and endpoints. The new solution must enhance the company's ability to inspect and filter incoming traffic effectively. Which security product must be used to accomplish this goal?
Antwort: B
Begründung:
While Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) is excellent at catching threats that have already reached a device, the objective here is topreventthose files from being delivered in the first place by enhancing the inspection of incoming traffic. ANext-Generation Firewall (NGFW)is the correct architectural choice for this requirement because it operates at the network perimeter (or between segments) and provides deep packet inspection (DPI) far beyond the capabilities of a traditional firewall.
A Cisco Secure Firewall (NGFW) integrates multiple security services into a single platform, including Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS), Application Visibility and Control (AVC), andAdvanced Malware Protection (AMP). When malicious files are sent toward the network, the NGFW can identify them by their signature or behavior and block the transfer before the file ever reaches the internal infrastructure or endpoints. This effectively "cleans" the traffic stream at the gate.
Atraditional firewall(Option B) lacks the application-layer visibility needed to identify malicious file content, as it primarily filters based on IP and port. Ahost-based firewall(Option C) filters traffic at the individual device level, which is a late-stage defense rather than a network delivery prevention tool.eBPF (Option D) is a high-performance kernel technology used for observability and distributed filtering but is not a standalone "security product" used for perimeter traffic inspection in this context. Implementing an NGFW aligns with the Cisco SAFE principle of providing a layered defense that blocks threats as far from the critical assets as possible.
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29. Frage
A global energy company moved a monolithic application from the data center to public cloud. Over time, the company added many capabilities to the application, and it is now difficult for the application team to scale it.
The application owner decided to modernize the application by moving to a Kubernetes cluster. However, he wants to ensure that the new application architecture provides a container network interface that is scalable, offers options for cloud-native security, and helps with visibility and observability. Which solution must be used to accomplish the task?
Antwort: B
Begründung:
In the realm of modern application security and Kubernetes networking,Ciliumhas emerged as the industry- standardContainer Network Interface (CNI)that leverageseBPF (extended Berkeley Packet Filter) technology. For a global company modernizing a monolithic app into microservices, Cilium provides the required scalability and high-performance networking by operating directly within the Linux kernel.
Unlike traditionalSecurity Groups(Option A) which are often limited to IP-based rules at the cloud infrastructure level, orENIs(Option C) which are AWS-specific hardware interfaces, Cilium providesidentity- awaresecurity. It understands Kubernetes labels and metadata, allowing for granular Layer 7 policy enforcement. Furthermore, Cilium addresses the "visibility and observability" requirement through itsHubble component, which provides deep insights into network flows, application dependencies, and security events without the overhead of traditional sidecar proxies. AnIngress Gateway(Option D) manages external traffic entering the cluster but does not provide the comprehensive pod-to-pod networking, eBPF-based security, or internal observability that a CNI like Cilium offers. Designing with Cilium aligns with Cisco's focus on cloud- native security and the use of eBPF for distributed firewalling and telemetry in modern application environments.
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30. Frage
Refer to the exhibit. A software developer noticed that the application source code had been found on the internet. To avoid such an incident from happening again, the developer applied a DLP policy to prevent from uploading source code into generative AI tool like ChatGPT. When testing the policy, the developer noticed that it is still possible for the source code to be uploaded.
Which action must the developer take to prevent this issue?
Antwort: C
Begründung:
In the exhibit, the ChatGPT Source Code rule is configured with the action Monitor, which only logs activity but does not stop it. To prevent source code from being uploaded, the action must be changed to Block. This enforces the policy and ensures data exfiltration into generative AI tools is stopped.
31. Frage
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