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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Wireless and Mobile Security | - Wireless network attacks - Mobile platform vulnerabilities |
| Reconnaissance Techniques | - Footprinting and information gathering - Scanning networks and enumeration |
| System Hacking | - Gaining access and privilege escalation - Malware threats and system exploitation |
| Network Attacks | - Sniffing and session hijacking - Denial of Service (DoS/DDoS) |
| Cryptography | - Encryption, hashing, and cryptanalysis |
| Introduction to Ethical Hacking | - Ethical hacking concepts and methodology |
| Cloud and IoT Security | - IoT security fundamentals - Cloud computing security concepts |
| Web and Application Security | - Web application hacking techniques |
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問題 #11
Which of the following is the primary objective of a rootkit?
答案：A
解題說明：
The correct answer is B, It replaces legitimate programs. A rootkit is malicious software used after compromise to hide the attacker's presence, maintain privileged access, and avoid detection. CEH-aligned material describes rootkits as tools that obscure system compromise by replacing or substituting administrator utilities with modified versions that hide malicious activity. Linux rootkit material also states that rootkits contain replacement executables for critical operating system components, used to hide evidence and provide backdoor access. Therefore, among the options, replacing legitimate programs is the best match. Option A describes a backdoor concept more generally. Option C describes a vulnerability/exploitation condition, not a rootkit's purpose. Option D may describe one possible backdoor behavior, but it is not the primary rootkit objective. Rootkits commonly hide files, processes, registry entries, logs, and malicious services, making detection and removal difficult.
問題 #12
During which step of the incident response process would you be tasked with building the team, identifying roles, and testing the communication system?
答案：D
解題說明：
The correct answer is C, Preparation. In the incident response lifecycle, preparation is the stage performed before an actual incident occurs. This phase focuses on making the organization ready to respond effectively by creating the incident response plan, forming the incident response team, assigning roles and responsibilities, defining escalation paths, and testing communication procedures. CEH incident management material lists "Preparation for Incident Response" as the first incident response process before detection, classification, notification, containment, investigation, eradication, recovery, and post-incident activities. It also emphasizes setting up an incident response team, identifying the people who should be contacted during an intrusion, and defining lines of communication. Containment occurs after an incident is detected and aims to limit damage. Notification involves informing affected users or stakeholders. Recovery restores affected systems to normal operation. Since building the team and testing communication happen before an incident, the correct phase is Preparation.
問題 #13
A large mobile telephony and data network operator has a data center that houses network elements. These are essentially large computers running on Linux. The perimeter of the data center is secured with firewalls and IPS systems. What is the best security policy concerning this setup?
答案：C
解題說明：
The correct answer is C. Firewalls and IPS systems protect the perimeter, but they do not replace system hardening, access control, patching, auditing, and regular security testing on the internal network elements themselves. In CEH security concepts, defense should be implemented in layers, commonly called defense-in- depth. This means that even if an attacker bypasses perimeter defenses, internal systems should still be protected.
Because these network elements are Linux-based computers, they require strong user account management, secure authentication, least privilege, service hardening, vulnerability assessment, patch management, logging, and periodic audits. Strong passwords and unique user IDs also support accountability and reduce the risk of unauthorized access.
Option A is incorrect because relying only on firewalls and IPS creates a single point of failure. Option B mentions disaster recovery but does not address preventive security. Option D is also incomplete because physical security alone cannot stop remote attacks, malware, insider threats, misconfigurations, or credential abuse.
Therefore, the best policy is to harden the systems and perform regular security testing and audits.
問題 #14
Techno Security Inc. recently hired John as a penetration tester. He was tasked with identifying open ports in the target network and determining whether the ports are online and any firewall rule sets are encountered.
John decided to perform a TCP SYN ping scan on the target network. Which of the following Nmap commands must John use to perform the TCP SYN ping scan?
答案：B
解題說明：
In CEH v13 Module 03: Scanning Networks, under the Nmap Host Discovery Techniques, TCP SYN ping scan is explained as one of the methods used to determine whether a host is online by sending SYN packets to specified TCP ports.
When using Nmap:
-PS specifies a TCP SYN ping scan. It sends SYN packets to a given port (by default port 80, unless specified) to check whether a host is up and whether the port is open.
The response type to this SYN packet determines the host status:
If a SYN/ACK is received, it indicates the port is open, and the host is up.
If RST is received, the port is closed, but the host is still considered online.
If no response or ICMP unreachable is received, the host may be down or filtered.
Clarification of options:
A). -pp: This is not a valid Nmap option.
B). -PO: This sends IP Protocol Ping, used less frequently and not the same as SYN ping.
C). -PS: Correct. Performs a TCP SYN Ping Scan.
D). -PA: Sends TCP ACK Ping, used to determine firewall presence but not the same as SYN scan.
Reference from CEH v13 Study Guide and Course Material:
CEH v13 Official Module 03 - Scanning Networks, Slide: Nmap Host Discovery Techniques EC-Council iLabs - Scanning Networks Practical Lab Guide: Section on nmap -sn -PS Nmap Official Documentation (also referenced in CEH): https://nmap.org/book/man-host-discovery.html
問題 #15
Arjun Mehta, a red team specialist at Sentinel Dynamics, is conducting a controlled reconnaissance assessment against the company's perimeter network. During testing, the security operations team observes that the firewall logs display several different originating systems associated with the same scanning activity.
Arjun's objective is to ensure that his actual testing machine cannot be easily distinguished from other recorded entries.
What technique is Arjun using in this scenario?
答案：B
解題說明：
The correct answer is B. IP Address Decoy.
The scenario describes scan activity appearing to originate from several different systems so that the real tester's host is hidden among other apparent sources. This is the purpose of IP Address Decoy scanning.
CEH-aligned reconnaissance and evasion material explains that IP Address Decoy hides the real source of a scan among multiple decoy source addresses, making it appear that both the decoys and the real host are scanning the target. It also gives the Nmap example nmap -D RND:10 X.X.X.X, which generates decoys and randomly places the real source IP among them .
Option A. Source Routing is incorrect because source routing attempts to specify the path a packet takes through the network.
Option C. Source Port Manipulation is incorrect because changing the source port does not create multiple apparent originating systems.
Option D. IP Address Spoofing is incorrect because simple spoofing replaces the source address and can prevent responses from returning to the attacker. Decoy scanning specifically mixes the real source with multiple decoys.
Therefore, the best answer is B. IP Address Decoy.
問題 #16
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