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質問 # 27
Where should you configure MAC notification traps on a supported switch?
正解：A
解説：
In FortiNAC-F, MAC notification traps (also known as MAC Move or MAC Change traps) are essential for achieving real-time visibility of endpoint connections and disconnections. When a device connects to a switch port, the switch generates an SNMP trap that informs FortiNAC-F of the new MAC address on that specific interface. This allows FortiNAC-F to immediately initiate the profiling and policy evaluation process without waiting for the next scheduled L2 poll.
According to the FortiNAC-F Administration Guide and Switch Integration documentation, MAC notification traps should be configured on all ports except uplink ports. Uplink ports are the interfaces that connect one switch to another or to the core network. Because these ports see the MAC addresses of every device on the downstream switches, enabling MAC notification on uplinks would cause the switch to send a massive volume of redundant traps to FortiNAC-F every time any device anywhere in the downstream branch moves or reconnects. This can overwhelm the FortiNAC-F process queue and degrade system performance.
By only enabling these traps on "edge" or "access" ports-where individual endpoints like PCs, printers, and VoIP phones connect-FortiNAC-F receives precise data regarding exactly where a device is physically located. Uplinks should be identified in the FortiNAC-F inventory as "Uplink" or "Learned Uplink," which tells the system to ignore MAC data seen on those specific ports.
"To ensure accurate host tracking and optimal system performance, SNMP MAC notification traps must be enabled on all access (downlink) ports. Do not enable MAC notification traps on uplink ports, as this will result in excessive and unnecessary trap processing. Uplink ports should be excluded to prevent the system from attempting to map multiple downstream MAC addresses to a single infrastructure interface." - FortiNAC-F Administration Guide: SNMP Configuration for Network Devices.
質問 # 28
When creating a device profiling rule, what are two advantages of registering the device in the host view? (Choose two.)
正解：C、D
解説：
In FortiNAC-F, the Device Profiler is a rule-based engine that evaluates unknown "rogue" devices and classifies them based on fingerprints and behavior. When a profiling rule matches a device, the administrator can configure the rule to automatically register that device. The registration process can place the device record in two primary locations: the Topology View (as a device) or the Host View (as a registered host).
According to the FortiNAC-F Administration Guide, registering a device in the Host View provides significant advantages for identity management and historical tracking. First, the devices can be associated with a user (C). In the FortiNAC database architecture, the Host View is the primary repository for endpoint identity; placing a profiled device here allows the system to link that hardware (MAC address) to a specific user account, whether that user is an employee, guest, or a system-level "owner". This association is essential for Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) and for tracking accountability across the network fabric.
Second, devices registered in the Host View will have connection logs (B). FortiNAC-F maintains a detailed operational history for all host records, including every instance of the device connecting to or disconnecting from a port, its IP address assignments, and the specific policies applied during each session. These logs are invaluable for troubleshooting connectivity issues and for security forensic audits, as they provide a clear timeline of the device's lifecycle on the network. In contrast, devices managed only in the Topology View are typically treated as infrastructure components where the focus is on device availability rather than individual session history.
"Devices that are registered and associated with a user are placed in the Host View and removed from the Profiled Devices window... Placing a device in the Host View allows for the tracking of connection history and the association of the device with a specific identity or user record within the FortiNAC database." - FortiNAC-F Administration Guide: Device Profiler How it Works.
質問 # 29
While discovering network infrastructure devices, a switch appears in the inventory topology with a question mark (?) on the icon. What would cause this?
正解：C
解説：
In FortiNAC-F, theInventory topologyuses specific icons to represent the status and model of discovered network infrastructure. When a switch or other network device is discovered via SNMP, FortiNAC-F retrieves itsSystem ObjectID (sysObjectID)to identify the specific make and model. This OID is then compared against the internal database of supported device mappings.
Aquestion mark (?)icon appearing on a discovered switch indicates that while the discovery process successfully communicated with the device (meaning SNMP credentials were correct), theSNMP ObjectID is not recognizedor mapped in the current version of FortiNAC-F. This essentially means the device is " unsupported " by the current software out-of-the-box. Because the OID is unknown, FortiNAC-F does not know which CLI or SNMP command set to use for critical functions like L2 polling (host visibility) or VLAN switching (enforcement). To resolve this, an administrator can manually " Set Device Mapping " to a similar existing model or a " Generic SNMP Device " if only basic L3 visibility is required.
" Discovered devices displaying a ' ? ' iconindicate the currently running version does not have a mapping for that device ' sSystem OID(device is not supported). Device mappings are used to manage the device by performing functions such as L2/L3 Polling, Reading, and Switching VLANs. " -Fortinet Technical Tip:
Options for devices unable to be modeled in Inventory.
質問 # 30
Refer to the exhibit.
If a host is connected to a port in the Building 1 First Floor Ports group, what must also be true to match this user/host profile?
正解：B
解説：
The User/Host Profile in FortiNAC-F is the fundamental logic engine used to categorize endpoints for policy assignment. As seen in the exhibit, the configuration uses a combination of Boolean logic operators (OR and AND) to define the "Who/What" attributes.
According to the FortiNAC-F Administrator Guide, attributes grouped together within the same bracket or connected by an OR operator require only one of those conditions to be met. In the exhibit, the first two attributes are "Host Role = Contractor" OR "Host Persistent Agent = Yes". This forms a single logical block. This block is then joined to the third attribute ("Host Security Access Value = Contractor") by an AND operator. Consequently, a host must satisfy at least one of the first two conditions AND satisfy the third condition to match the "Who/What" section.
Furthermore, the profile includes Location and When (time) constraints. The exhibit shows the location is restricted to the "Building 1 First Floor Ports" group. The "When" schedule is explicitly set to Mon-Fri 6:00 AM - 5:00 PM. For a profile to match, all enabled sections (Who/What, Locations, and When) must be satisfied simultaneously. Therefore, the host must meet the conditional contractor/agent criteria, possess the specific security access value, and connect during the defined 6 AM to 5 PM window.
"User/Host Profiles use a combination of attributes to identify a match. Attributes joined by OR require any one to be true, while attributes joined by AND must all be true. If a Schedule (When) is applied, the host must also connect within the specified timeframe for the profile to be considered a match. All criteria in the Who/What, Where, and When sections are cumulative." - FortiNAC-F Administration Guide: User/Host Profile Configuration.
質問 # 31
During the testing of a newly modeled infrastructure switch, the administrator is not seeing hosts as they connect or move from one port to another. What would cause this issue?
正解：C
解説：
The correct answer is A . When FortiNAC-F needs near real-time Layer 2 visibility, it relies on link traps, MAC notification traps, RADIUS, or scheduled/manual Layer 2 polling. The study guide explains that MAC notification traps contain the MAC address learned or removed from the switch MAC address table and the associated port, allowing FortiNAC-F to update its database when hosts connect, disconnect, or move. It also states that MAC notification traps are the preferred method for learning and updating Layer 2 information.
If a newly modeled switch does not show hosts as they connect or move between ports, the likely problem is that MAC notification traps are not correctly configured or not reaching FortiNAC-F . Layer 3 polling failure would affect IP-to-MAC correlation, not the ability to learn which switch port a MAC address is connected to. Disabled scheduled polling could delay updates, but it would not be the best explanation when the expected behavior is immediate host detection during connection or movement testing. Contact polling only checks whether the device is reachable; it does not collect host MAC-to-port visibility.
質問 # 32
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