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NEW QUESTION # 45
Exhibit 1.
Exhibit 2.
Refer to the exhibits, which show the configuration on FortiGate and partial internet session information from a user on the internal network.
An administrator would like to lest session failover between the two service provider connections.
Which two changes must the administrator make to force this existing session to immediately start using the other interface? (Choose two.)
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
FortiOS Admin Guide: Static Routing, SNAT Route Change Feature
NEW QUESTION # 46
Refer to the exhibit, which shows partial outputs from two routing debug commands.
Which change must an administrator make on FortiGate to route web traffic from internal users to the internet, using ECMP?
Answer: C
Explanation:
The 7.6 study guide explains the route selection order:
"Route Selection Process
Most specific route
Lowest distance
Lowest metric (dynamic routes)
Lowest priority (static routes)
ECMP (static, BGP, and OSPF routes)"**
It then states:
"If there are multiple routes with the same netmask, distance, metric, and priority, FortiGate shares the traffic among all of them. This is called equal-cost multi-path (ECMP)." The FortiOS administration guide confirms the ECMP prerequisite:
"Routes must have the same destination and costs. In the case of static routes costs include distance and priority." In the exhibit, the kernel/FIB output shows the two default routes as:
gwy=100.64.1.254 dev=3 (port1) prio=0
gwy=100.64.2.254 dev=6 (port2) prio=10
So although both are default routes, their priorities are different. Since FortiGate uses the FIB/kernel for forwarding traffic, ECMP will not happen until the static-route priorities are the same. The study guide also notes that the FIB is the table used to perform standard routing Therefore, to make the two default routes eligible for ECMP, the administrator must make the priorities equal. Since port2 is already 10, the needed change is to set the port1 default route priority to 10.
Why the other options are wrong:
A is wrong because snat-route-change affects how existing SNAT sessions react to routing changes, not whether static routes qualify for ECMP B is wrong because changing port2 to priority 1 still would not match port1 at 0, so the routes still would not have equal cost for ECMP C is wrong because preserve-session-route affects existing-session route persistence after routing changes, not ECMP qualification
NEW QUESTION # 47
Refer to the exhibit.
The output of a BGO debug command is shown.
What is the most likely reason that the local FortiGate is not receiving any prefixes from its neighbors?
Answer: A
Explanation:
To identify the reason for the lack of prefixes, we must interpret the State/PfxRcd and Up/Down columns in the get router info bgp summary exhibit.
Analyze Neighbor Status:
Neighbor 10.125.0.60: State is OpenSent. This session is not established. It is stuck in the negotiation phase.
Neighbor 100.64.3.1: State is Active. This session is not established. The router is actively trying to initiate a TCP connection.
Neighbor 10.127.0.75:
Up/Down: 02:45:55. This indicates the BGP session has been Up (Established) for almost 3 hours.
State/PfxRcd: 0. This number represents the count of prefixes received. The session is fully established, but the neighbor has sent zero routes.
Determine the Cause:
Since the session with 10.127.0.75 is established, connectivity and handshakes (Options A, B, C) are not the issue for this neighbor.
The fact that it is Up but sending 0 prefixes strongly implies that the neighbor is configured to filter out its routes before sending them to the local FortiGate.
Option D correctly identifies this as a RIB-OUT (Routing Information Base - Outbound) configuration issue on the neighbor (Router 10.127.0.75), which prevents it from advertising its routes.
Reference:
FortiGate Security 7.6 Study Guide (BGP): "In the BGP summary, if the State/PfxRcd shows a number (e.g., 0), the session is Established. A value of 0 means the peering is up, but no routes have been received, often due to route-map or prefix-list filtering on the remote peer."
NEW QUESTION # 48
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the partial output of a real-time OSPF debug.
Why are the two FortiGate devices unable to form an adjacency?
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION # 49
Refer to the exhibit.
The output of diagnose sys session list command is shown.
If the HA ID for the primary device is 9, what happens if the primary fails and the secondary becomes the primary?
Answer: D
Explanation:
The output of the diagnose sys session list command provides the critical evidence needed to determine the behavior during a failover:
* Session Synchronization (synced):
* The most important indicator in the exhibit is the synced flag located in the state= line (state=may_dirty synced none app_ntf).
* In FortiOS HA (High Availability), the synced flag confirms that this specific session has been successfully synchronized from the primary device to the secondary (backup) device.
* Session synchronization (Session Pickup) ensures that if the primary unit fails, the secondary unit already has the session in its table and can resume traffic processing immediately.
* TCP State (proto_state=01):
* The output shows proto=6 (TCP) and proto_state=01.
* In the FortiGate session table, proto_state=01 for TCP indicates that the session is in the ESTABLISHED state (post-three-way handshake).
* This invalidates Option B, which claims the TCP session is not fully established.
* Failover Outcome:
* Because the session is ESTABLISHED and SYNCED, the secondary device will seamlessly take over the session upon primary failure.
* The traffic continues to flow through the new primary without requiring the user/client to restart the connection. This is the primary function of HA Session Pickup.
Why other options are incorrect:
* A: While the output shows app_ntf (Application Control notification) and may_dirty, the presence of the synced flag overrides this concern regarding failover. If the session type were not supported for failover (e.g., certain proxy sessions in older versions), it would not be marked as synced. Since it is synced, it persists.
* B: As noted, proto_state=01 means established, not "not fully established".
* D: While the kernel updates routing tables, the purpose of syncing the session is to preserve the state so it does not need to be re-evaluated as a new packet would, preventing traffic drops.
Reference:
FortiGate Security 7.6 Study Guide (High Availability): "If session pickup is enabled, the primary unit synchronizes its session table... to the backup unit. If the primary unit fails, the backup unit... continues to process the sessions with no interruption."
NEW QUESTION # 50
......
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