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CIPS L4M2 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Section	Objectives
Topic 1: Demand management and value for money	- Demand analysis and forecasting - Balancing cost, quality, and risk - Whole life costing and total cost of ownership
Topic 2: Specification development	- Types of specifications (input, output, conformance) - Stakeholder engagement in requirements definition - Key performance indicators and measurable requirements
Topic 3: Risk, sustainability, and compliance considerations	- Sustainability and ethical sourcing requirements - Managing procurement and supply risks - Legal and regulatory constraints affecting specifications
Topic 4: Understanding and defining business needs	- Role of procurement in identifying and defining needs - Alignment of procurement with organisational objectives

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L4M2시험대비 공부자료, L4M2최신버전덤프

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최신 CIPS Level 4 Diploma in Procurement and Supply L4M2 무료샘플문제 (Q46-Q51):

질문 # 46
Which of the following factors might prompt an organisation to procure an alternative product? Select THREE that apply:

A. Buying organisation's propensities to change
B. Relative value to money between options
C. Easy access to distribution channel
D. Switching cost
E. Brand loyalty
F. Threat of retaliation

정답：A,B,D

설명：
According to Michael Porter, the threat of substitution, is a function of three factors:
* The relative value/ price of a substitute compared to an industry's product
* The cost of switching to the substitute
* The buyer's propensity to switch
(Porter, Michael E.. Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance (p. 278). Free Press. Kindle Edition.)

질문 # 47
According to Porter's value chain, which of the following activities is categorised as support activity?

A. Product warranties and special services
B. Distribution of products from factory to retailer
C. Storage of raw materials
D. Supervising the production line
E. Develop digital SRM technology to manage suppliers better

정답：E

설명：
Primary activities consist of inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, sales & marketing, service.
Second activities consist of firm infrastructure, human resource management, technology development and procurement

Support activities (also known as secondary activities) include Firm infrastructure, Human resource management, Technology development and Procurement. Developing digital SRM technology to manage suppliers better is Technology development.
LO 1, AC 1.2

질문 # 48
A buyer can use sources of information to review indirect costs associated with the manufacture of goods to support supplier negotiations. Is this statement true?

A. Yes, because the buyer can understand the cost build-up of the goods
B. No, because the supplier's quotation is the only source of information
C. Yes, because indirect costs are always variable
D. No, because the only information available is for direct costs

정답：A

질문 # 49
Due to increasing demand, a local restaurant is requesting its fish vendor to supply larger quantity. The restaurant manager also asks the vendor whether it is possible to reduce the total price by 5%. This is known as...?

A. Modified rebuy
B. Straight rebuy
C. Capital purchase
D. New purchase

정답：A

설명：
There are three major types of buying situations, which are new purchase, modified rebuy and straight rebuy. Three factors make the buying situations be different from the others, customers may face different problems in these situations.
A new purchase is a situation requiring the purchase of a product for the very first time.
A straight rebuy is when a company places a second order with a supplier that is identical to the first purchase it made.
A modified rebuy is when a company orders again from a supplier, but wants to change some as-pect of the order, such as the quantity, packaging, product features, or delivery times. The scenario above is an example of modified rebuy.
Reference:
- What is a straight rebuy example?
- CIPS study guide page 3-4

질문 # 50
A UK engineering company imports more than 75% of its products from the USA. The finance manager is creating the budget for next year and has told the procurement manager that, to do this, finance simply add a published inflation index to prices paid last year. Is this a way for a business to precisely predict prices for next year?

A. Yes, an inflation index is a quick way to check how prices are increasing
B. Yes, an inflation index is a realistic way to see if industrial prices are increasing
C. No, an inflation index is less accurate than a price adjustment formula
D. No, an inflation index may include retail products and services which are not relevant

정답：D

설명：
Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation (paraphrased from CIPS L4M2 content) CIPS L4M2 explains that general inflation indices (like consumer or retail price indices) are based on a basket of goods and services for the whole economy, not tailored to a specific company's imports or input mix.
For an engineering business importing from the USA, its price changes will depend on:
Specific industrial input price indices (e.g. metals, components, specialist goods), Exchange rate movements GBP/USD, Sector-specific factors (technology, capacity, freight, tariffs).
Therefore, simply "adding a published inflation index" to last year's prices cannot precisely predict next year' s prices, particularly when:
The index may include irrelevant items like food, clothing, local services, etc.
It may not reflect the specific mix of industrial inputs or the effects of exchange rates.
Thus:
Option A correctly explains the limitation: the inflation index may include products and services that are not relevant to the company's purchases.
Option B mentions price adjustment formulas (which can be more precise if designed well), but the question emphasises whether using a general index alone is precise - option A goes straight to the core reason.
Options C and D describe partial truths (indices can show general trends and give a quick check) but they do not support precise forecasting.
Relevant CIPS L4M2 areas:
Use and limitations of inflation indices in cost forecasting
Factors influencing prices in international procurement (currency, indices, market conditions) Building realistic cost assumptions in a business case

질문 # 51
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