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質問 # 64
Which of the following technologies are Layer 4 load balancing technologies? (Select All that Apply)
正解:A、B、D
解説:
Layer 4 load balancing operates at the transport layer (OSI Layer 4), using TCP/UDP protocols to distribute traffic based on information like IP addresses and port numbers, without inspecting the application-layer content (Layer 7). Let's evaluate each option:
A). Nginx: Nginx is a versatile web server and reverse proxy that supports both Layer 4 and Layer
7 load balancing. In its Layer 4 mode (e.g., with the stream module), it balances TCP/UDP traffic, making it a Layer 4 load balancing technology. This is widely used in Huawei's CloudFabric DCN solutions for traffic distribution. TRUE.
B). PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol): PPP is a Layer 2 protocol used for establishing direct connections between two nodes, typically in WAN scenarios (e.g., dial-up or VPNs). It does not perform load balancing at Layer 4 or any layer, as it's a point-to-point encapsulation protocol.
FALSE.
C). LVS (Linux Virtual Server): LVS is a high-performance, open-source load balancing solution integrated into the Linux kernel. It operates at Layer 4, using techniques like NAT, IP tunneling, or direct routing to distribute TCP/UDP traffic across backend servers. It's a core Layer 4 technology in enterprise DCNs. TRUE.
D). HAProxy: HAProxy is a high-availability load balancer that supports both Layer 4 (TCP mode) and Layer 7 (HTTP mode). In TCP mode, it balances traffic based on Layer 4 attributes, making it a Layer 4 load balancing technology. It's commonly deployed in Huawei DCN environments.
TRUE.
Thus, A (Nginx), C (LVS), and D (HAProxy) are Layer 4 load balancing technologies. PPP is not.
質問 # 65
A tenant experiences intermittent communication after duplicate MAC addresses appear on different leaf switches. Which EVPN capability is designed to detect such situations?
正解:D
解説:
EVPN includes MAC mobility procedures that recognize endpoint movement and detect conflicting advertisements. Sequence numbers help determine the latest valid location, reducing forwarding inconsistencies caused by duplicate MAC announcements.
質問 # 66
A VXLAN tunnel is identified by a pair of VTEP IP addresses. During VXLAN tunnel establishment, the local and remote VTEPs attempt to obtain each other's IP addresses. If the VTEP IP addresses are reachable to each other at Layer 3, a VXLAN tunnel can be established.
正解:A
解説:
VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) tunnels are used to encapsulate Layer 2 traffic over a Layer 3 network, a key feature in Huawei's data center solutions. The endpoints of a VXLAN tunnel are VXLAN Tunnel Endpoints (VTEPs), identified by their IP addresses.
Tunnel Identification: A VXLAN tunnel is uniquely identified by the pair of VTEP IP addresses (local and remote), along with the VNI (VXLAN Network Identifier). This pair ensures the tunnel is specific to the communication path between the two VTEPs.
Tunnel Establishment: During setup, VTEPs exchange information to learn each other's IP addresses. This can occur manually (static configuration) or dynamically (e.g., via BGP EVPN).
The underlay network must provide Layer 3 reachability between the VTEP IP addresses, typically using routing protocols (e.g., OSPF, BGP) to ensure IP connectivity.
Reachability Condition: If the local and remote VTEP IP addresses are reachable at Layer 3, the tunnel can be established, allowing encapsulation and decapsulation of VXLAN traffic. This is a fundamental requirement in Huawei's VXLAN implementation.
The statement is TRUE (A) because a VXLAN tunnel's identification and establishment depend on reachable VTEP IP address pairs at Layer 3.
質問 # 67
Which of the following nodes connects computing resources such as virtual and physical servers to a VXLAN fabric?
正解:B
解説:
In Huawei's spine-leaf VXLAN fabric (e.g., CloudFabric), nodes have specific roles:
A . DCI leaf: Data Center Interconnect (DCI) leaf nodes connect different data centers, not internal computing resources. Incorrect.
B . Server leaf: Server leaf nodes connect computing resources (virtual servers via hypervisors, physical servers) to the VXLAN fabric, handling access traffic. This is the correct role for connecting servers. Correct.
C . Border leaf: Border leaf nodes connect the DCN to external networks, not internal computing resources. Incorrect.
D . Service leaf: Service leaf nodes connect to value-added services (e.g., firewalls), not directly to computing resources like servers. Incorrect.
Thus, the answer is B (Server leaf).
質問 # 68
Which traffic category normally benefits the most from a spine-leaf architecture with ECMP and distributed gateways?
正解:D
解説:
Modern data centers generate substantial east-west traffic between application servers. Spine- leaf designs with ECMP and distributed gateways minimize latency and maximize bandwidth for these server-to-server communication patterns.
質問 # 69
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2026年Pass4Testの最新H12-893_V1.0 PDFダンプおよびH12-893_V1.0試験エンジンの無料共有:https://drive.google.com/open?id=1j6i5YA_kru4bsrXXdE6T3wEiV61VOHsS