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NEW QUESTION # 56
Aidan McGraw is a cloud security engineer in a multinational company. In 2018, his organization deployed its workloads and data in a cloud environment. Aidan was given the responsibility of securing high-valued information that needs to be shared outside the organization from unauthorized intruders and hackers. He would like to protect sensitive information about his organization, which will be shared outside the organization, from attackers by encrypting the data and including user permissions inside the file containing this information. Which technology satisfies Aidan's requirements?
Answer: B
Explanation:
Aidan McGraw's requirements to protect sensitive information shared outside the organization can be satisfied by Information Rights Management (IRM).
IRM Overview: IRM is a form of IT security technology used to protect documents containing sensitive information from unauthorized access. It does this by encrypting the data and embedding user permissions directly into the file1.
Encryption and Permissions: IRM allows for the encryption of the actual data within the file and includes access permissions that dictate who can view, edit, print, forward, or take other actions with the data. These permissions are enforced regardless of where the file is located, making it ideal for sharing outside the organization1.
Protection Against Attacks: By using IRM, Aidan ensures that even if attackers were to gain access to the file, they would not be able to decrypt the information without the appropriate permissions. This protects against unauthorized intruders and hackers1.
Reference:
Strategies and Best Practices for Protecting Sensitive Data1.
Data security and encryption best practices - Microsoft Azure2.
What Is Cryptography? | IBM3.
NEW QUESTION # 57
Georgia Lyman works as a cloud security engineer in a multinational company. Her organization uses cloud-based services. Its virtualized networks and associated virtualized resources encountered certain capacity limitations that affected the data transfer performance and virtual server communication. How can Georgia eliminate the data transfer capacity thresholds imposed on a virtual server by its virtualized environment?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Virtual servers can face performance limitations due to the overhead introduced by the hypervisor in a virtualized environment. To improve data transfer performance and communication between virtual servers, Georgia can eliminate the data transfer capacity thresholds by allowing the virtual server to bypass the hypervisor and directly access the I/O card of the physical server. This technique is known as Single Root I/O Virtualization (SR-IOV), which allows virtual machines to directly access network interfaces, thereby reducing latency and improving throughput.
Understanding SR-IOV: SR-IOV enables a network interface card (NIC) to appear as multiple separate physical devices to the virtual machines, allowing them to bypass the hypervisor.
Performance Benefits: By bypassing the hypervisor, the virtual server can achieve near-native performance for network I/O, eliminating bottlenecks and improving data transfer rates.
Implementation: This requires hardware support for SR-IOV and appropriate configuration in the hypervisor and virtual machines.
Reference
VMware SR-IOV
Intel SR-IOV Overview
NEW QUESTION # 58
Ray Nicholson works as a senior cloud security engineer in TerraCloud Sec Pvt. Ltd. His organization deployed all applications in a cloud environment in various virtual machines. Using IDS, Ray identified that an attacker compromised a particular VM. He would like to limit the scope of the incident and protect other resources in the cloud. If Ray turns off the VM, what will happen?
Answer: D
Explanation:
When Ray Nicholson, the senior cloud security engineer, identifies that an attacker has compromised a particular virtual machine (VM) using an Intrusion Detection System (IDS), his priority is to limit the scope of the incident and protect other resources in the cloud environment. Turning off the compromised VM may seem like an immediate protective action, but it has significant implications:
* Shutdown Impact: When a VM is turned off, its current state and all volatile data in the RAM are lost.
This includes any data that might be crucial for forensic analysis, such as the attacker's tools and running processes.
* Forensic Data Loss: Critical evidence needed for a thorough investigation, such as memory dumps, active network connections, and ephemeral data, will no longer be accessible.
* Data Persistence: While some data is stored in the Virtual Hard Disk (VHD), not all of the forensic data can be retrieved from the disk image alone. Live analysis often provides insights that cannot be captured from static data.
Thus, by turning off the VM, Ray risks losing essential forensic data that is necessary for a complete investigation into the incident.
References:
* NIST SP 800-86: Guide to Integrating Forensic Techniques into Incident Response
* AWS Cloud Security Best Practices
* Azure Security Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 59
Chris Noth has been working as a senior cloud security engineer in CloudAppSec Private Ltd. His organization has selected a DRaaS (Disaster Recovery as a Service) company to provide a disaster recovery site that is fault tolerant and consists of fully redundant equipment with network connectivity and real-time data synchronization. Thus, if a disaster strikes Chris' organization, failover can be performed to the disaster recovery site with minimal downtime and zero data loss. Based on the given information, which disaster recovery site is provided by the DRaaS company to Chris' organization?
Answer: D
Explanation:
* Disaster Recovery as a Service (DRaaS): DRaaS is a third-party service that provides organizations with a secondary site infrastructure, which employs cloud computing for application and data recovery from synchronous or asynchronous replication1.
* Fault Tolerance and Redundancy: A fault-tolerant disaster recovery site with fully redundant equipment ensures that all critical systems and components have backups ready to take over in case of failure1.
* Real-Time Data Synchronization: This feature ensures that data is continuously mirrored to the disaster recovery site, allowing for real-time recovery and zero data loss during failover1.
* Hot Site: A hot site is a fully operational offsite data center equipped with hardware and software, network connectivity, and real-time data synchronization. It is ready to assume operation at a moment's notice, which aligns with the description provided1.
* Minimal Downtime: The use of a hot site allows for minimal downtime during a disaster, as the site is already running and can take over immediately without the need to set up or configure equipment1.
References:
* Flexential's explanation of Disaster Recovery as a Service (DRaaS)1.
NEW QUESTION # 60
Melissa George is a cloud security engineer in an IT company. Her organization has adopted cloud-based services. The integration of cloud services has become significantly complicated to be managed by her organization. Therefore, her organization requires a third-party to consult, mediate, and facilitate the selection of a solution. Which of the following NIST cloud deployment reference architecture actors manages cloud service usage, performance, and delivery, and maintains the relationship between the CSPs and cloud consumers?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Cloud Service Integration: As cloud services become more complex, organizations like Melissa George's may require assistance in managing and integrating these services1.
Third-Party Assistance: A third-party entity, known as a cloud broker, can provide the necessary consultation, mediation, and facilitation services to manage cloud service usage and performance1.
Cloud Broker Role: The cloud broker manages the use, performance, and delivery of cloud services, and maintains the relationship between cloud service providers (CSPs) and cloud consumers1.
NIST Reference Architecture: According to the NIST cloud deployment reference architecture, the cloud broker is an actor who helps consumers navigate the complexity of cloud services by offering management and orchestration between users and providers1.
Other Actors: While cloud auditors, cloud carriers, and cloud providers play significant roles within the cloud ecosystem, they do not typically mediate between CSPs and consumers in the way that a cloud broker does1.
Reference:
GeeksforGeeks article on Cloud Stakeholders as per NIST1.
NEW QUESTION # 61
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