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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Information Security Management System (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 | - ISO/IEC 27001 requirements (Clauses 4–10)
|
| Fundamentals of Information Security Auditing | - Audit principles based on ISO 19011
|
| Planning and Initiating an Audit | - Audit program and planning activities
|
| Closing the Audit | - Audit reporting and follow-up
|
| Conducting an Audit | - Audit execution
|
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NEW QUESTION # 92
情境 6
Sinvestment是一家提供多種保險方案的保險公司，包括房屋保險、商業保險和人壽保險。該公司最初成立於北加州，現已將業務拓展至歐洲和非洲等其他地區。除了業務成長之外，Sinvestment還致力於遵守其所在行業的相關法律法規，並防止任何資訊安全事件的發生。他們已實施基於ISO標準的資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)。
/IEC 27001，並已申請認證。
認證機構指派了一支審核團隊進行審核。審核團隊與Sinvestment簽署保密協議後，便開始了審核工作。第一階段審核的所有活動均在現場進行，但應Sinvestment的要求，對已存檔資訊的審查工作將以遠端方式進行。
審計團隊首先進行了第一階段審計，審查了所需文件，包括資訊安全管理系統(ISMS)範圍聲明、資訊安全策略和內部審計報告。已記錄資訊的評估主要基於其內容和管理流程。
此外，審計人員還發現，與資訊安全培訓和意識提升專案相關的文件不完整，缺乏關鍵細節。當被問及此事時，Sinvestment 的高階管理人員表示，該公司已為所有員工提供了資訊安全培訓課程。
第二階段審計在第一階段審計三週後進行。審計小組發現，行銷部(未包含在審計範圍內)沒有控制員工存取權限的程序。
由於控制員工存取權限是 ISO/IEC 27001 的要求之一，並且已納入公司的資訊安全政策，因此該問題被納入了審計報告。
問題
根據情境 6，審計團隊是否應該將市場部門存取權限控製程序中發現的缺陷納入審計報告？
Answer: B
Explanation:
It was appropriate for the audit team to include the observed deficiency in the audit report, making option A the correct answer. ISO/IEC 17021-1 and ISO 19011 require auditors to report all relevant findings that relate to conformity with the audit criteria, regardless of whether the affected department is formally listed within the audit scope. What matters is whether the issue relates to ISMS requirements or policies.
In this scenario, access rights control is explicitly included in Sinvestment's information security policy and is a core requirement of ISO/IEC 27001. The absence of access control procedures in the marketing department represents a weakness in the implementation of an ISMS requirement. Even though the marketing department was not part of the defined audit scope, the auditors became aware of a condition that could negatively affect the effectiveness of the ISMS as a whole.
Option B is incorrect because merely communicating the issue informally would undermine transparency and traceability. Audit reports must provide a complete and accurate record of findings. Option C is incorrect because marketing departments frequently handle personal data and sensitive information, particularly in an insurance context, and therefore clearly pose potential ISMS risks.
Auditors are required to report relevant findings objectively and without omission. Therefore, inclusion of the issue in the audit report was appropriate.
NEW QUESTION # 93
在分析審核結論後，X 公司決定接受與其中一項發現的不合格項相關的風險。他們聲稱無需採取糾正措施；然而，他們的決定並沒有記錄在案。這是可以接受的嗎？
Answer: C
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27001 standards, if the auditee decides to accept the risk instead of implementing corrective actions for a nonconformity, this decision should be justified and documented. Documenting such decisions is essential for maintaining the integrity of the ISMS and for demonstrating that the decision was made based on informed judgment.
References: ISO/IEC 27001:2013, Clause 6.1 (Actions to address risks and opportunities)
NEW QUESTION # 94
場景 8：苔絲
一個。 Malik 和 Michael 是一個由安全、合規以及業務規劃和策略領域的獨立且合格的專家組成的審計團隊。他們被指派到一家大型網頁設計公司Clastus進行認證審核。他們在進行審計時表現出了出色的職業道德，包括公正和客觀。這一次，Clastus 確信，如果獲得 ISO/IEC 27001 認證，他們將領先一步。
審計團隊負責人 Tessa 擁有審計專業知識，並且在 IT 相關問題、合規性和治理方面擁有非常成功的背景。馬利克擁有組織規劃和風險管理背景。他的專業知識依賴於對組織的安全控制及其風險承受能力的綜合和分析水平，以準確描述組織內部的風險水平 另一方面，Michael 是通過遵循嚴格的標準化程序進行控制評估的實際安全性的專家。
在執行所需的審計活動後，泰莎發起了一次審計團隊會議，他們分析了邁克爾的一項發現，以客觀、準確地就該問題做出決定。 Michael 遇到的問題是組織日常運作中的一個小問題，他認為這是由組織的一名 IT 技術人員造成的，因此，Tessa 會見了高層管理人員，並在他們詢問了責任人姓名後，告訴他們誰應該對這一問題負責，為了方便澄清和理解，Tessa 在審核的最後一天召開了結束會議。在這次會議上，她向 Clastus 管理層報告了發現的不符合情況。然而，Tessa 收到建議，避免在 Clastus 認證審核的審核報告中提供不必要的證據，確保報告保持簡潔並專注於關鍵發現。
根據審查的證據，審核小組起草了審核結論，並決定在授予認證之前必須對該組織的兩個領域進行審核。這些決定後來被提交給被審計方，但被審計方不接受調查結果並提議提供更多資訊。儘管受審計方提出了意見，但審計員已經決定接受認證建議，因此沒有接受補充資訊。被審計單位的高階主管堅持審計結論並不代表事實，但審計小組仍堅持他們的決定。
根據上述情景，回答以下問題：
末次會議是否依要求進行了？
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth
A . Correct answer:
ISO 19011:2018 requires that closing meetings occur at the end of the audit to present findings to the auditee.
B . Incorrect:
Audit conclusions can be drafted later, but the closing meeting must still happen immediately post-audit.
C . Incorrect:
Delaying the closing meeting beyond the audit timeline is improper.
Relevant Standard Reference:
NEW QUESTION # 95
您正在進行 ISMS 審核。審計計劃的下一步是驗證組織的資訊安全風險處理計劃是否已製定並正確實施。您決定採訪 IT 安全經理。
您：能否請您解釋一下組織是如何進行資訊安全風險評估和處理流程的？
IT 安全經理：我們遵循資訊安全風險管理程序，產生風險處理計劃。
旁白：您回顧了第 123 號風險處理計劃，該計劃涉及計劃安裝電子（隱形）圍欄，以提高療養院的物理安全。您發現風險處理計劃已獲得 IT 安全經理的批准。
您：誰要為實體安全風險負責？
IT 安全經理：設施經理負責實體安全風險。 IT部門幫助他們監控警報。授權設施經理批准123號風險處理計畫的預算。
您：123號風險處置預案實施後，還有哪些資訊安全風險殘留？
IT安全經理：據我了解，目前還沒有關於殘留資訊安全風險接受的資訊。
您準備您的審計結果。為場景中合理的發現選擇三個選項。
Answer: D,E,G
Explanation:
The three options for findings that are justified in the scenario are:
* Nonconformity (NC) - The information for the acceptance of residual information security risks should be updated after the risk treatment is implemented. Clause 6.1.3.f
* Nonconformity (NC) - The IT security manager should be aware of and understand his authority and area of responsibility. Clause 7.3
* Nonconformity (NC) - The risk treatment plan No. 123 should be approved by the risk owner, the Facility Manager in this case. Clause 6.1.3.f According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 6.1.3.f, the organisation must retain documented information that includes the information for the acceptance of residual information security risks, and the approval of the risk treatment plan by the risk owner1. Therefore, option A and G are justified as nonconformities, because the organisation failed to update the information for the acceptance of residual risks, and the risk treatment plan was approved by the IT security manager, who is not the risk owner.
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, clause 7.3, the organisation must ensure that the persons assigned to perform the roles and responsibilities for the ISMS are competent, and are aware of the consequences of not conforming to the ISMS requirements2. Therefore, option E is justified as a nonconformity, because the IT security manager, who is responsible for the information security risk management process, was not aware of his authority and area of responsibility.
The other options are not justified as findings, because they are either irrelevant or incorrect. For example:
* Option B is irrelevant, because it is not related to the information security risk treatment plan No. 123, which is the focus of the audit.
* Option C is incorrect, because it is not an opportunity for improvement, but rather a benefit of the risk treatment plan No. 123, which is already implemented.
* Option D is incorrect, because it is not a nonconformity, but rather a requirement for the organisation to provide the resources needed for the ISMS, which is not the same as the resources needed for the risk treatment plan No. 123.
* Option F is incorrect, because it is not a nonconformity, but rather a requirement for the organisation to provide the resources needed for the continual improvement of the ISMS, which is not the same as the resources needed for the risk treatment plan No. 123.
* Option H is irrelevant, because it is not a finding, but rather a good practice, which is not the objective of the audit.
NEW QUESTION # 96
您正在一家提供醫療保健服務的住宅療養院進行 ISMS 審核。審核計畫的下一步是驗證資訊安全事件管理流程。 IT 安全經理提出了資訊安全事件管理程序（文件參考 ID：ISMS_L2_16，版本 4）。
您查看該文件並注意到一條聲明「任何資訊安全弱點、事件和事故應在識別後 1 小時內報告給聯絡人 (PoC)」。在訪問員工時，您發現大家對「弱點、事件、事件」這幾個詞的含義理解有差異。
IT安全經理解釋說，6個月前舉辦了一次線上「資訊安全應對」培訓研討會。所有受訪的人都參加並通過了報告練習和課程評估。
您想進一步調查其他領域以收集更多審計證據。選擇三個不是有效審計追蹤的選項。
Answer: A,B,E
Explanation:
The three options that would not be valid audit trails are:
*Collect more evidence on how the organisation manages the Point of Contact (PoC) which monitors vulnerabilities. (Relevant to clause 8.1)
*Collect more evidence on whether terms and definitions are contained in the information security policy.
(Relevant to control 5.32)
*Collect more evidence to determine if ISO 27035 (Information security incident management) is used as internal audit criteria. (Relevant to clause 8.13) These options are not valid audit trails because they are not directly related to the information security incident management process, which is the focus of the audit. The audit trails should be relevant to the objectives, scope, and criteria of the audit, and should provide sufficient and reliable evidence to support the audit findings and conclusions1.
Option E is not valid because the PoC is not a part of the information security incident management process, but rather a role that is responsible for reporting and escalating information security incidents to the appropriate authorities2. The audit trail should focus on how the PoC performs this function, not how the organisation manages the PoC.
Option G is not valid because the terms and definitions are not a part of the information security incident management process, but rather a part of the information security policy, which is a high-level document that defines the organisation's information security objectives, principles, and responsibilities3. The audit trail should focus on how the information security policy is communicated, implemented, and reviewed, not whether it contains terms and definitions.
Option H is not valid because ISO 27035 is not a part of the information security incident management process, but rather a guidance document that provides best practices for managing information security incidents4. The audit trail should focus on how the organisation follows the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001:
2022 for information security incident management, not whether it uses ISO 27035 as an internal audit criteria.
The other options are valid audit trails because they are related to the information security incident management process, and they can provide useful evidence to evaluate the conformity and effectiveness of the process. For example:
*Option A is valid because it relates to control A.5.29, which requires the organisation to establish procedures to isolate and quarantine areas subject to information security incidents, in order to prevent further damage and preserve evidence5. The audit trail should collect evidence on how the organisation implements and tests these procedures, and how they ensure the continuity of information security during disruption.
*Option B is valid because it relates to control A.6.8, which requires the organisation to establish mechanisms for reporting information security events and weaknesses, and to ensure that they are communicated in a timely manner to the appropriate levels within the organisation6. The audit trail should collect evidence on how the organisation defines and uses these mechanisms, and how they monitor and review the reporting process.
*Option C is valid because it relates to clause 7.2, which requires the organisation to provide information security awareness, education, and training to all persons under its control, and to evaluate the effectiveness of these activities7. The audit trail should collect evidence on how the organisation identifies the information security training needs, how they deliver and record the training, and how they measure the learning outcomes and feedback.
*Option D is valid because it relates to control A.5.27, which requires the organisation to learn from information security incidents and to implement corrective actions to prevent recurrence or reduce impact8.
The audit trail should collect evidence on how the organisation analyses and documents the root causes and consequences of information security incidents, how they identify and implement corrective actions, and how they verify the effectiveness of these actions.
*Option F is valid because it relates to control A.5.30, which requires the organisation to establish and maintain a business continuity plan to ensure the availability of information and information processing facilities in the event of a severe information security incident9. The audit trail should collect evidence on how the organisation develops and updates the business continuity plan, how they test and review the plan, and how they communicate and train the relevant personnel on the plan.
References: 1: ISO 19011:2018, 6.2;
2: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, A.6.8.1;
3: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, 5.2;
4: ISO/IEC 27035:2016, Introduction;
5: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, A.5.29;
6: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, A.6.8;
7: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, 7.2;
8: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, A.5.27;
9: ISO/IEC 27001:2022, A.5.30;
10: ISO 19011:2018;
11: ISO/IEC 27001:2022;
12: ISO/IEC 27001:2022;
13: ISO/IEC 27035:2016;
14: ISO/IEC 27001:2022;
15: ISO/IEC 27001:2022;
16: ISO/IEC 27001:2022;
17: ISO/IEC 27001:2022;
18: ISO/IEC 27001:2022
NEW QUESTION # 97
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