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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Topic 1: BGP and Routing in Data Center Environments | - BGP EVPN address families - Route reflection and scaling design - Interoperability between routing domains |
| Topic 2: Operations, Troubleshooting and Best Practices | - Monitoring SR Linux and EVPN environments - Network optimization and scaling considerations - Troubleshooting BGP EVPN and VXLAN issues |
| Topic 3: EVPN and VXLAN Data Center Fabric | - VXLAN data plane and encapsulation - EVPN route types and MAC/IP advertisement - EVPN control plane fundamentals |
| Topic 4: SR Linux Architecture and Fundamentals | - SR Linux system architecture and components - Network operating system concepts and containerized routing functions - Configuration and operational models |
| Topic 5: Data Center Interconnect (DCI) | - L2 and L3 DCI design patterns - Redundancy and high availability strategies - EVPN-based interconnect solutions |
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NEW QUESTION # 14
Consider the exhibit.
Leaf1 and Leaf2 have the Ethernet segment configured to use the default election algorithm while Leaf3 and Leaf4 are configured to use the preference-based algorithm with Leaf3 having the higher preference value. The DF candidate list is the same on all leaf routers.
Which of the following leafs is the DF for mac-vrf103?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
Designated Forwarder election determines which PE forwards BUM traffic from the EVPN overlay toward a multi-homed Ethernet Segment for a given service. In this scenario, all leaf routers share the same DF candidate list for mac-vrf103, but the election configuration is not identical. Leaf1 and Leaf2 use the default algorithm, while Leaf3 and Leaf4 use the preference-based algorithm. Under preference-based DF election, the candidate with the highest configured preference is selected over lower-preference candidates, assuming the candidate list is valid and consistent. The question states that Leaf3 has the higher preference value compared with Leaf4. Therefore, Leaf3 becomes the DF for mac-vrf103. This is the correct outcome because the preference-based election explicitly overrides simple default behavior by assigning operator-defined priority to a PE. In production designs, this is useful when the operator wants deterministic forwarding placement, maintenance control, or service-specific primary-path selection rather than relying only on the default modulo-based DF selection process. Reference: EVPN DF election, preference-based algorithm, MAC-VRF service forwarding.
NEW QUESTION # 15
Consider the exhibit.
Which of the following statements about the operation of all-active multi-homing is FALSE?
Answer: C
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
In an all-active Layer 2 EVPN multi-homing design, the host is normally dual-attached through a LAG to multiple leaf routers that share the same Ethernet Segment Identifier. Leaf1 and Leaf2 both participate in the Ethernet Segment and may receive traffic from the host. For BUM traffic sourced by the host, the host-side hashing can send frames toward either attached leaf. For BUM traffic sent from the EVPN overlay toward the multi-homed segment, DF election controls which PE forwards that replicated traffic toward the local Ethernet Segment to prevent duplicate delivery. The false statement is option B. A remote leaf such as Leaf3 does not simply enable ECMP on the MAC-VRF to load-balance traffic between Leaf1 and Leaf2. EVPN all-active forwarding uses Ethernet Segment discovery, Ethernet A-D routes, aliasing, and split-horizon procedures to determine valid next-hops and prevent loops. ECMP alone is an underlay or routing-table behavior; it is not the MAC-VRF mechanism that authorizes multi-homed L2 forwarding across an Ethernet Segment. Reference: all-active L2 EVPN multi-homing, Ethernet Segment association, DF election, aliasing.
NEW QUESTION # 16
Which EVPN route-type (RT) is used in multi-homing scenarios to support aliasing and fast convergence?
Answer: D
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
The EVPN route type used for aliasing and fast convergence in multi-homing is RT-1, the Ethernet Auto-Discovery route. RT-1 has two important forms: Ethernet A-D per Ethernet Segment and Ethernet A-D per EVI. These routes advertise reachability to a multi-homed Ethernet Segment and to a specific EVPN instance on that segment. Remote PEs use this information for aliasing, meaning they can forward traffic toward any eligible PE attached to the same Ethernet Segment, even when a specific MAC was advertised by only one PE. RT-1 also supports fast convergence because withdrawal of Ethernet A-D routes quickly informs remote PEs that an attachment path or PE is no longer valid, avoiding slow MAC aging as the primary failure-detection mechanism. RT-4 Ethernet Segment routes are related to multi-homing, but their main function is Ethernet Segment discovery and Designated Forwarder election. RT-2 advertises host MAC/IP reachability, and RT-3 builds multicast/BUM replication lists. Therefore, RT-1 is the precise answer for aliasing and fast convergence. Reference: EVPN multi-homing route types, Ethernet Auto-Discovery, aliasing and convergence behavior.
NEW QUESTION # 17
When providing L3 multi-homing on two or more leaf routers, which of the following is FALSE?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
Layer 3 multi-homing is fundamentally about redundant or load-balanced L3 reachability for external prefixes, not about Layer 2 broadcast-domain flooding toward a host. In single-active L3 multi-homing, DF election determines which attached leaf is active for the Ethernet Segment, and only that leaf advertises or forwards for the attached customer route as required by the redundancy model. In all-active L3 multi-homing, multiple leaf routers can be valid next-hops for the same learned third-party prefix, and remote PEs may load-balance toward them based on the Ethernet Segment association. Learned external prefixes are carried as EVPN route type 5 IP Prefix routes, which is the correct route type for L3 reachability. The Ethernet Segment is associated with the next-hop for those prefixes so that remote PEs understand the multi-homed nature of the path. Option B is false because BUM forwarding is a Layer 2 EVPN concern. In an all-active L3 multi-homing scenario, DF election is not used to identify a BUM-forwarding leaf for host traffic in the same way it is used in Layer 2 multi-homing services. Reference: L3 EVPN multi-homing, RT-5 prefix routes, ES next-hop behavior.
NEW QUESTION # 18
Consider the exhibit.
dcgw10 is a Nokia 7750SR and is used as the integrated gateway.
Which of the following is NOT configured in VPLS 100 on dcgw10?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
For Layer 2 data center interconnect using an integrated gateway, VPLS 100 on the Nokia 7750 SR represents the WAN-side Layer 2 VPN service. The VPLS requires an EVI because EVPN uses the EVI to identify the L2 service instance in the control plane. It also requires BGP EVPN signaling with the appropriate route targets so the local and remote service instances can import the correct EVPN routes. Because the service is transported across the WAN, the BGP/EVPN instance must be associated with the MPLS transport tunnels toward the remote gateway, dcgw20. A VXLAN instance with a VNI is not configured in the 7750 SR VPLS 100 for this integrated WAN gateway service. The VXLAN/VNI mapping is used inside the SR Linux data center fabric where MAC-VRF services are transported over VXLAN. On the WAN side, the VPLS service is carried using MPLS/EVPN mechanisms, not a VXLAN VNI configured directly under the VPLS. Reference: integrated gateway DCI, L2 EVPN/VPLS interworking, EVI and route-target operation.
NEW QUESTION # 19
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