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| Section | Objectives |
|---|---|
| Data Center Interconnect (DCI) | - Interconnecting data centers with EVPN
|
| SR Linux Data Center Architecture | - SR Linux system fundamentals
|
| BGP EVPN Control Plane Operations | - Multi-homing scenarios
|
| EVPN Fundamentals | - EVPN architecture and control plane
|
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質問 # 34
Consider the exhibit.
Which of the following is NOT configured on dcgw10 to support the Layer 3 VPN connectivity?
正解:D
解説:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
In an integrated gateway-based data center interconnect design, the gateway must interwork between the data center EVPN/VXLAN domain and the WAN VPN transport domain. For Layer 3 VPN connectivity on a Nokia 7750 SR integrated gateway, the base BGP instance must support the relevant VPN address families, such as VPN-IPv4 and EVPN, because the gateway participates in control-plane exchange between the data center and WAN sides. The VPRN must also be associated with the WAN transport, normally through MPLS tunnel binding, and the VRF target must match the corresponding VPRN on the remote gateway so that VPN routes are imported and exported correctly. A routed VXLAN interface, however, is an SR Linux IP-VRF/VXLAN construct used for symmetric L3 EVPN forwarding inside a VXLAN-based data center fabric. In this question, dcgw10 is acting as the integrated WAN gateway for L3VPN connectivity, so a routed VXLAN interface is not the required configuration item on the VPRN instance. Reference: integrated gateway DCI, VPRN over MPLS, EVPN-to-VPN interworking.
質問 # 35
Which of the following statements about EVPN PE-CE routing, using BGP as the routing protocol, is FALSE?
正解:B
解説:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
In EVPN PE-CE routing, the PE exchanges ordinary IPv4 or IPv6 unicast routing information with the CE. When the PE learns CE prefixes, it imports them into the tenant IP-VRF and advertises them to other EVPN PEs as EVPN route type 5 IP Prefix routes. Conversely, when the PE receives EVPN routes from remote PEs, it can advertise corresponding IPv4/IPv6 BGP updates toward the CE, subject to policy. Import and export policies are essential because they control which customer routes are accepted, which EVPN-learned routes are advertised, and how attributes are modified. Option C is false because iBGP is not the preferred PE-CE model in this context. eBGP is typically preferred between PE and CE because it creates a clean administrative routing boundary between the provider/data-center edge and the customer or external router. Using eBGP also simplifies route policy, loop prevention, and operational separation. The CE does not need to participate in the EVPN overlay; it speaks standard BGP unicast with the PE, while the PE performs the EVPN RT-5 advertisement into the fabric. Reference: EVPN PE-CE BGP routing, eBGP preference, RT-5 prefix advertisement, import/export policy.
質問 # 36
Which of the following statements about the decoupled gateway-based data center interconnect solution is FALSE?
正解:A
解説:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
In a decoupled gateway-based DCI design, the data center border leaf and the WAN PE are separate devices. Traffic between them can be identified using VLAN tags, allowing different data center EVPN services to be mapped to corresponding WAN VPN services. This architecture provides a clean operational boundary: the border leaf remains aligned with the data center EVPN/VXLAN fabric, while the WAN PE handles WAN VPN transport, QoS, security policy, and service interconnection. The separation gives a strong demarcation point for troubleshooting and administrative control. Option D is false because the WAN PE does not maintain an MP-BGP EVPN peering session with the data center route reflector. In the decoupled model, the route reflector remains part of the data center EVPN control plane, while the WAN PE exchanges routing or service information with the border leaf through the local handoff model. Direct WAN PE-to-data-center-RR peering would blur the separation that defines the decoupled design and would make the WAN PE part of the data center EVPN overlay control plane, which is not the intended architecture. Reference: decoupled gateway DCI, VLAN handoff, WAN VPN mapping, security/QoS demarcation, route-reflector separation.
質問 # 37
e-BGP is used as the routing protocol in the data center underlay.
When configuring the EVPN MP-BGP route reflector sessions, which of the following statements is FALSE?
正解:B
解説:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
In many SR Linux data center fabrics, eBGP is used in the underlay because it gives simple hop-by-hop routing, fast convergence, and clean autonomous-system separation between leaf and spine nodes. The EVPN overlay, however, is a separate MP-BGP control plane used to distribute EVPN NLRI. The overlay route-reflector session does not have to reuse the leaf's underlay autonomous system number. In practice, an overlay BGP group may use a distinct local AS or configuration model separate from the underlay AS design. Therefore, option B is false. The route reflector's cluster ID is configured on the route reflector itself to prevent reflection loops and identify the RR cluster. Redundant route reflectors can be deployed for resiliency, and clients may receive duplicate paths or duplicate updates from multiple RRs; the BGP decision process and route reflection rules handle this. The key design distinction is that underlay eBGP provides IP reachability between loopbacks, while overlay MP-BGP EVPN carries tenant service reachability. Mixing these roles leads to incorrect AS planning. Reference: SR Linux EVPN MP-BGP route reflectors, eBGP underlay, overlay BGP sessions.
質問 # 38
Which of the following statements about a distributed Layer 2 EVPN is FALSE?
正解:A
解説:
Comprehensive and Detailed 150 to 250 words of Explanation From [SR Linux EVPN and Data Center Interconnect/Course Guide/topics]:
In a distributed Layer 2 EVPN service, the local leaf learns host reachability from frames received on access interfaces. When a host replies to an ARP request, the local leaf can learn the source MAC address from the Ethernet frame and install it in the MAC forwarding table. If the ARP payload contains an IP/MAC binding, the PE can also use that information for proxy ARP and EVPN MAC/IP advertisement. The local PE then advertises the learned endpoint reachability using EVPN route type 2 to its BGP EVPN peers or route reflector. The false statement is B. The ARP reply is not replicated to every leaf in the flooding list as a normal operation. EVPN's purpose is to reduce unnecessary flooding by distributing endpoint reachability through the control plane. BUM replication is used for broadcast, unknown unicast, and multicast traffic when needed, but a learned ARP reply does not require blind replication to all remote leaves. Instead, the leaf advertises the learned MAC/IP state through MP-BGP EVPN, allowing remote PEs to install accurate forwarding and proxy ARP state. Reference: distributed L2 EVPN operation, ARP learning, EVPN RT-2 advertisement.
質問 # 39
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